A pivotal role of selective autophagy in mitochondrial quality control: Implications for zinc oxide nanoparticles induced neurotoxicity.

Excessive occupational, medical, and environmental exposure of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) caused its accumulation in the nervous system and raised global concerns over its detrimental effects. However, very few researches had been conducted on the impact of mitochondrial quality control process on central nervous system (CNS) after ZnONPs administration, including mitochondrial fission, fusion, biogenesis, and autophagy. In present study, mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis were triggered in ZnONPs-exposed human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells.

Selenium nanoparticles fabricated in laminarin polysaccharides solutions exert their cytotoxicities in HepG2 cells by inhibiting autophagy and promoting apoptosis.

Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) have been attracting increasing attention as potential cancer therapeutic agents. In the present study, laminarin polysaccharides (LP) decorated selenium nanoparticles (LP-SeNPs) with an average diameter of ca. 60 nm were synthesized.

Effects of nanoparticle size on the interaction between zinc oxide nanoparticles and bovine serum albumin.

Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.

Green synthesis of selenium nanoparticles with extract of hawthorn fruit induced HepG2 cells apoptosis.

Context: Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) have attracted worldwide attention due to their unique properties and potential bioactivities. Considering that hawthorn is both a traditional medicine and a common edible food, hawthorn fruit extract (HE) was chosen as a reductant to prepare SeNPs.

Objective: SeNPs were synthesized by using an aqueous HE as a reductant and stabilizer.

Cerebral Venous Malformations in a Chinese Population: Clinical Manifestations, Radiological Characteristics, and Long-Term Prognosis.

Objective: We elucidated the clinical and radiological characteristics and analyzed the risk factors for hemorrhage and poor outcomes of cerebral venous malformations (CVMs) in a northern Chinese population.

Methods: We included 60 consecutive patients with CVM patients in Beijing Tiantan Hospital from January 2011 to February 2018. The clinical manifestations, radiological characteristics, management, and outcomes were elucidated and analyzed.

Synthesis, characterization and antitumor properties of selenium nanoparticles coupling with ferulic acid.

Selenium nanoparticles (Se NPs) attract a lot of attention as potential cancer therapeutic agents. However, the antitumor activities of pure Se NPs are poor, and some modifiers are needed to enhance the activities. In the present study, we prepared Ferulic Acid (FA)-modified selenium nanoparticles in a facile synthetic approach.

Global spatial risk pattern of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus in wild birds: A knowledge-fusion based approach.

Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 viruses have continuously circulated throughout much of the world since 2003, resulting in huge economic losses and major public health problems. Wild birds have played an important role in the spread of H5N1 HPAI. To understand its spatial distribution, H5N1 HPAI have been studied by many disciplines from different perspectives, but only one kind of disciplinary knowledge was involved, which has provided limited progress in understanding.

MiR-144 promotes β-amyloid accumulation-induced cognitive impairments by targeting ADAM10 following traumatic brain injury.

The dysregulation expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) including miR-144, has been widely documented in TBI. However, little is known about the potential roles of miR-144 in the pathogenesis of TBI. In this study, we investigated the potential effects of miR-144 on cognitive function and .

Suppression of FoxO3a attenuates neurobehavioral deficits after traumatic brain injury through inhibiting neuronal autophagy.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a serious insult that frequently leads to neurological impairments. Forkhead box O (FoxO) 3a, as transcription factor, has been confirmed to modulate autophagic process. Moreover, FoxO3a is expressed throughout the brain including the hippocampus.

Synthesis and cytotoxic activities of novel 4-methoxy-substituted and 5-methyl-substituted (3',4')-(-)--khellactone derivatives that induce apoptosis via the intrinsic pathway.

This study deals with the design and synthesis of a series of novel 4-methoxy-substituted and 5-methyl-substituted (3',4')-(-)--khellactones. The newly synthesized compounds were characterized by H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), C-NMR, mass spectrometry, and elemental analysis. All the derivatives were subjected to in vitro cytotoxicity screening against HEPG-2 (human liver carcinoma), SGC-7901 (human gastric carcinoma), and LS174T (human colon carcinoma), by using the MTT assay.

Shear Stress Induces Phenotypic Modulation of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells via AMPK/mTOR/ULK1-Mediated Autophagy.

Phenotypic modulation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is involved in the pathophysiological processes of the intracranial aneurysms (IAs). Although shear stress has been implicated in the proliferation, migration, and phenotypic conversion of VSMCs, the molecular mechanisms underlying these events are currently unknown. In this study, we investigated whether shear stress(SS)-induced VSMC phenotypic modulation was mediated by autophagy involved in adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)/Unc-51-like kinase 1 (ULK1) pathway.

Risk Factors to Predict Neurologic Complications After Endovascular Treatment of Unruptured Paraclinoid Aneurysms.

Objective: Unruptured paraclinoid aneurysms are often asymptomatic, and endovascular coiling is the main treatment. However, endovascular treatment of these lesions still leads to neurologic complications. We aimed to identify predictors of neurologic complications in these lesions.

MiR-29b Downregulation Induces Phenotypic Modulation of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells: Implication for Intracranial Aneurysm Formation and Progression to Rupture.

Background/aims: Our previous microarray results identified numerous microRNAs (miRNAs), including miR-29b, that were differentially expressed in the serum of intracranial aneurysm (IA) patients. The current study aimed to investigate whether miR-29b downregulation in IA could promote the phenotypic modulation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) involved in the pathogenesis of aneurysm by activating ATG14-mediated autophagy.

Methods: First, the levels of miR-29b and autophagy related genes (ATGs) between IA patients and normal subjects were compared.

Neuroprotective effects of miR-27a against traumatic brain injury via suppressing FoxO3a-mediated neuronal autophagy.

MicroRNA-27a (miR-27a) has been reported to be a brain-specific miRNA and aberrantly expressed in the brain suffered from traumatic brain injury (TBI). The present study is designed to investigate the potential role and molecular mechanism of miR-27a in the pathogenesis of TBI. The level of miR-27a in brain was manipulated by intracerebroventricular injection of lentiviral-encoding miR-27a before TBI induction.

miR-23b improves cognitive impairments in traumatic brain injury by targeting ATG12-mediated neuronal autophagy.

Dysregulated microRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported to involve in the pathophysiological process of traumatic brain injury (TBI), and modulate autophagy-related genes (ATGs) expression. Our previous studies showed that neuronal autophagy was activated in the injury hippocampus post- TBI and associated with neurological and cognitive impairments. The present study was designed to investigate the possible role of miR-23b in TBI-induced cognitive impairments.

Larger inflow angle and incomplete occlusion predict recanalization of unruptured paraclinoid aneurysms after endovascular treatment.

Background: Unruptured paraclinoid aneurysms have a high incidence of aneurysm recanalization (AR) after endovascular treatment. We aimed to identify the incidence and predictors of AR in these lesions.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed consecutive patients with unruptured paraclinoid aneurysms who underwent endovascular treatment between January 2013 and December 2014.

Monitoring schistosomiasis risk in East China over space and time using a Bayesian hierarchical modeling approach.

Schistosomiasis remains a major public health problem and causes substantial economic impact in east China, particularly along the Yangtze River Basin. Disease forecasting and surveillance can assist in the development and implementation of more effective intervention measures to control disease. In this study, we applied a Bayesian hierarchical spatio-temporal model to describe trends in schistosomiasis risk in Anhui Province, China, using annual parasitological and environmental data for the period 1997-2010.

Risk Score for Neurological Complications After Endovascular Treatment of Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms.

Background And Purpose: Procedure-related neurological complications are common after endovascular treatment of unruptured intracranial aneurysms. We aimed to develop a score to quantify individual patient risk.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed consecutive patients who underwent endovascular treatment for unruptured intracranial aneurysms between January 2012 and September 2015.

Is a highly pathogenic avian influenza virus H5N1 fragment recombined in PB1 the key for the epidemic of the novel AIV H7N9 in China, 2013?

Background: A novel avian influenza A H7N9 virus that infects humans was identified in China in 2013. This study is the first to comprehensively investigate the characteristics of genomic recombination, rather than reassortment, which has been the subject of investigation in previously reported studies.

Methods: Novel avian influenza virus (AIV) H7N9 genome sequences were obtained from the NCBI Influenza Virus Sequence Database and the Global Initiative on Sharing Avian Influenza Database (GISAID) and a representative isolate was subjected to homogeneity analysis.

Human infections and co-infections with helminths in a rural population in Guichi, Anhui Province, China.

Helminth infections are believed to be common in tropical and subtropical countries. A cross-sectional study was carried out in two villages located in Guichi District in Anhui Province, the People's Republic of China, where multiparasitism was investigated using parasitological tests. The data collected were fitted to Bayesian multi-level models to profile risk factors for helminth infections.

Identifying Spatial Clusters of Schistosomiasis in Anhui Province of China: A Study from the Perspective of Application.

With the strategy shifting from morbidity control to transmission interruption, the burden of schistosomiasis in China has been declining over the past decade. However, further controls of the epidemic in the lake and marshland regions remain a challenge. Prevalence data at county level were obtained from the provincial surveillance system in Anhui during 1997-2010.

Sandwich mapping of schistosomiasis risk in Anhui Province, China.

Schistosomiasis mapping using data obtained from parasitological surveys is frequently used in planning and evaluation of disease control strategies. The available geostatistical approaches are, however, subject to the assumption of stationarity, a stochastic process whose joint probability distribution does not change when shifted in time. As this is impractical for large areas, we introduce here the sandwich method, the basic idea of which is to divide the study area (with its attributes) into homogeneous subareas and estimate the values for the reporting units using spatial stratified sampling.

A novel cognitive impairment mechanism that astrocytic p-connexin 43 promotes neuronic autophagy via activation of P2X7R and down-regulation of GLT-1 expression in the hippocampus following traumatic brain injury in rats.

Connexin 43 (Cx43) is one of the major gap junction proteins in astrocytes. Our previous studies reported that astrocytic phosphorylated Cx43 (p-CX43) regulated neuronic autophagy levels in the rat hippocampus after traumatic brain injury (TBI). In this study, we explored the underlying molecular mechanism by which gap junctional intercellular communication influenced neuronic autophagy and therefore initiated cognitive and memory impairments after TBI.

Spatial, temporal, and spatiotemporal analysis of malaria in Hubei Province, China from 2004-2011.

Background: Malaria remains a public health concern in Hubei Province despite the significant decrease in malaria incidence over the past decades. Furthermore, history reveals that malaria transmission is unstable and prone to local outbreaks in Hubei Province. Thus, understanding spatial, temporal, and spatiotemporal distribution of malaria is needed for the effective control and elimination of this disease in Hubei Province.