Genes and proteins expressed at different life cycle stages in the model protist Euplotes vannus revealed by both transcriptomic and proteomic approaches.

Sexual reproduction first appeared in unicellular protists and has continued to be an essential biological process in almost all eukaryotes. Ciliated protists, which contain both germline and somatic genomes within a single cell, have evolved a special form of sexual reproduction called conjugation that involves mitosis, meiosis, fertilization, nuclear differentiation, genome rearrangement, and the development of unique cellular structures. The molecular basis and mechanisms of conjugation vary dramatically among ciliates, and many details of the process and its regulation are still largely unknown.

Role of bronchoscopy in the management of patients with suspected or suffering from ventilator-associated pneumonia: A meta-analysis.

Background: The utility of bronchoscopy in the treatment of patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) has been proposed, although prior research has yielded inconclusive findings. This systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to examine the impact of bronchoscopy on mortality rates, duration of mechanical ventilation (MV), and length of stay in the intensive care unit (ICU) among patients with VAP.

Methods: Relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cohort studies were acquired by conducting a comprehensive search in the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases.

From germline genome to highly fragmented somatic genome: genome-wide DNA rearrangement during the sexual process in ciliated protists.

Unlabelled: Genomes are incredibly dynamic within diverse eukaryotes and programmed genome rearrangements (PGR) play important roles in generating genomic diversity. However, genomes and chromosomes in metazoans are usually large in size which prevents our understanding of the origin and evolution of PGR. To expand our knowledge of genomic diversity and the evolutionary origin of complex genome rearrangements, we focus on ciliated protists (ciliates).

Successful Retrieval of a Broken Aspiration Needle Penetrated into the Right Pulmonary Artery: A Case Report with Experience Sharing.

Introduction: Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration is increasingly used as a minimally invasive procedure in clinical settings. It is generally regarded as a safe procedure with high diagnostic accuracy. However, a complication involving a needle fracture that penetrated a nearby artery has not been reported during this procedure.

Comparative analysis of single-cell genome sequencing techniques toward the characterization of germline and somatic genomes in ciliated protists.

Ciliated protists contain both germline micronucleus (MIC) and somatic macronucleus (MAC) in a single cytoplasm. Programmed genome rearrangements occur in ciliates during sexual processes, and the extent of rearrangements varies dramatically among species, which lead to significant differences in genomic architectures. However, genomic sequences remain largely unknown for most ciliates due to the difficulty in culturing and in separating the germline from the somatic genome in a single cell.

The hidden genomic diversity of ciliated protists revealed by single-cell genome sequencing.

Background: Ciliated protists are a widely distributed, morphologically diverse, and genetically heterogeneous group of unicellular organisms, usually known for containing two types of nuclei: a transcribed polyploid macronucleus involved in gene expression and a silent diploid micronucleus responsible for transmission of genetic material during sexual reproduction and generation of the macronucleus. Although studies in a few species of culturable ciliated protists have revealed the highly dynamic nature of replicative and recombination events relating the micronucleus to the macronucleus, the broader understanding of the genomic diversity of ciliated protists, as well as their phylogenetic relationships and metabolic potential, has been hampered by the inability to culture numerous other species under laboratory conditions, as well as the presence of symbiotic bacteria and microalgae which provide a challenge for current sequencing technologies. Here, we optimized single-cell sequencing methods and associated data analyses, to effectively remove contamination by commensal bacteria, and generated high-quality genomes for a number of Euplotia species.

Key determinants of misdiagnosis of tracheobronchial tuberculosis among senile patients in contemporary clinical practice: A retrospective analysis.

Background: Tracheobronchial tuberculosis (TBTB) is a common subtype of pulmonary tuberculosis. Concomitant diseases often obscure the diagnosis of senile TBTB.

Aim: To characterize senile patients with TBTB and to identify the potential causes of misdiagnosis.

A proper triage for detecting women with high-risk human papillomavirus genotypes other than HPV16/18.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of human papillomavirus (HPV) L1 capsid protein detection in cervical exfoliated cells as a proper triage for women with high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) genotypes other than HPV 16/18.

Study Design: From January 2013 to June 2015, a total of 513 women aged 30-65 years infected with non-16/18 hrHPV were enrolled into the study. Primary HPV testing, HPV 16/18 genotyping and Papanicolaou (Pap) test were performed in all eligible women.

[Clinical significance of HPV L1 capsid protein detection in cervical exfoliated cells in high-risk HPV positive women].

Objective: To explore the clinical significance of human papillomavirus L1 capsid protein detection in cervical exfoliated cells in high-risk HPV positive women.

Methods: From November 2012 to June 2013, 386 high-risk HPV positive (detected by hybrid capture II) cases were enrolled as eligible women from Huzhou Maternity & Child Care Hospital and Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University. All eligible women underwent liquid-based cytology (ThinPrep) followed by colposcopy.