Characterization of AI-2/LuxS quorum sensing system in antibiotic resistance, pathogenicity of non carbapenemase-producing carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli.

Background: As a quorum sensing system, LuxS/AI-2 is closely associated with bacterial growth, biofilm formation, and virulence. As yet, it is not known how the luxS is associated with a diverse array of physiological activities in non- carbapenemase producing carbapenem resistant Escherichia coli (non-CP-CREC). The purpose of this study is to explore the characterization of AI-2/LuxS quorum sensing system in antibiotic resistance, pathogenicity of non-CP-CREC.

Development of a quadruple Taqman probe-based real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR for the detection of bacterial pathogens in a marine fish.

Bacterial diseases are the most common diseases in aquaculture worldwide, resulting in severe economic losses in the aquaculture industry. However, bacterial pathogens usually lead to non-specific clinical symptoms and are difficult to diagnose in clinical samples. Therefore, specific, sensitive, and time-saving detection methods are crucial for earlier prevention and accurate treatment of bacterial pathogens.

Coupling of an Au@AgPt nanozyme array with an micrococcal nuclease-specific responsiveness strategy for colorimetric/SERS sensing of in patients with sepsis.

Rapid and ultrasensitive detection of pathogen-associated biomarkers is vital for the early diagnosis and therapy of bacterial infections. Herein, we developed a close-packed and ordered Au@AgPt array coupled with a cascade triggering strategy for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and colorimetric identification of the biomarker micrococcal nuclease (MNase) in serum samples. The trimetallic Au@AgPt nanozymes can catalyze the oxidation of 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) molecules to SERS-enhanced oxidized TMB (oxTMB), accompanied by the color change from colorless to blue.

Increasing Prevalence of Occult HBV Infection in Adults Vaccinated Against Hepatitis B at Birth.

Background/objectives: Immunization with the hepatitis B vaccine is the most effective means of preventing acute HBV infection. However, whether the primary vaccination of infants confers lifelong immunity remains controversial. Therefore, the ongoing surveillance of vaccine recipients is required.

Efficacy of King's Combined Uterine Suture in Managing Placenta Accreta: A Retrospective Analysis.

BACKGROUND Placenta accreta is a spectrum disorder that can include an abnormally adherent placenta to placental tissue that invades the endometrium and myometrium and results in hemorrhage during or after delivery. King's combined uterine suture is a combination of parauterine vascular ligation with longitudinal suturing of the lower uterine segment. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate outcomes from using King's combined uterine suture for hemostasis in 49 parturient women with placenta accreta spectrum (PAS).

Pilot work of the 10K Chinese People Genomic Diversity Project along the Silk Road suggests a complex east-west admixture landscape and biological adaptations.

Genomic sources from China are underrepresented in the population-specific reference database. We performed whole-genome sequencing or genome-wide genotyping on 1,207 individuals from four linguistically diverse groups (1,081 Sinitic, 56 Mongolic, 40 Turkic, and 30 Tibeto-Burman people) living in North China included in the 10K Chinese People Genomic Diversity Project (10K_CPGDP) to characterize the genetic architecture and adaptative history of ethnic groups in the Silk Road Region of China. We observed a population split between Northwest Chinese minorities (NWCMs) and Han Chinese since the Upper Paleolithic and later Neolithic genetic differentiation within NWCMs.

The Potassium Utilization Gene Network in and Functional Validation of Gene in Response to Potassium Deficiency.

Potassium, an essential inorganic cation, is crucial for the growth of oil crops like L. Given the scarcity of potassium in soil, enhancing rapeseed's potassium utilization efficiency is of significant importance. This study identified 376 potassium utilization genes in the genome of ZS11 through homologous retrieval, encompassing 7 functional and 12 regulatory gene families.

Analysis of differentially methylated sites and regions associated with intrauterine transmission of hepatitis B virus in infants.

Background: The goal is to identify methylation sites linked to transmission and their impact on host gene expression and HBV spread, aiming to uncover new molecular targets for preventing and treating intrauterine HBV infection.

Methods: This study recruited 1205 infants born to HBsAg-positive mothers in Liuzhou City, China, between July 2023 and January 2024. Infants were followed up at 7-12 months of age and classified as HBsAg-positive (case, n = 5) or HBsAg-negative (control, n = 14) based on serological testing.

Dual-Enhanced SERS Satellite Immuno-Nanocomplex for Multiple PSA-Mediated PHI Assay Toward Clinical Prostate Cancer Screening.

Prostate specific antigen (PSA) is widely used in liquid biopsy of prostate cancer (PCa) but still faces challenges due to the poor specificity. Herein, this study reports a double-SERS satellite immunoassay, made of an Au-Ag dealloyed intra-nanogap nanoflower (Au-Ag DINF) with strong SERS signals and Au magnetic nanoparticles (AuMNPs) with magnetic capture and SERS amplification, for sensing multiple PSA (free PSA (fPSA), complexed PSA (cPSA) and [-2]proPSA (p2PSA)) toward potential PCa screening. Unlike the previous studies focus on the tPSA and fPSA/tPSA ratio (f/t PSA%), this work introduces a multiple PSA-mediated Prostate Health Index (PHI) assay with significantly increased the predictive accuracy and specificity of PCa, especially the patients with a tPSA level in the "diagnostic gray zone".

Higher microRNA-221 and lower microRNA-451 expression are associated with poor prognosis in patients with thyroid papillary carcinoma.

Background: To analyze the relationship between serum microRNA-221 and microRNA-451 expression and the pathological features and prognosis of patients with thyroid papillary carcinoma.

Methods: Cross-sectional study that included 120 patients with papillary thyroid cancer treated at the hospital and 120 healthy volunteers selected as the control group who underwent physical examination. The relative expression levels of microRNA-221 and microRNA-451 were compared between the thyroid papillary carcinoma group (prior to treatment) and the control group.

In Fanconi anemia, impaired accumulation of bone marrow neutrophils during emergency granulopoiesis induces hematopoietic stem cell stress.

Fanconi anemia (FA) is an inherited disorder of DNA repair due to mutation in one of 20+ interrelated genes that repair intrastrand DNA crosslinks and rescue collapsed or stalled replication forks. The most common hematologic abnormality in FA is anemia, but progression to bone marrow failure (BMF), clonal hematopoiesis, or acute myeloid leukemia may also occur. In prior studies, we found that Fanconi DNA repair is required for successful emergency granulopoiesis; the process for rapid neutrophil production during the innate immune response.

Metformin modifies plasma microbial-derived extracellular vesicles in polycystic ovary syndrome with insulin resistance.

Introduction: This study investigated changes in plasma microbial-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome and insulin resistance (PCOS-IR) before and after metformin treatment, and aimed to identify bacterial taxa within EVs that were biologically and statistically significant for diagnosis and treatment.

Methods: The case-control study was conducted at Xiamen Chang Gung Hospital, Hua Qiao University. Plasma samples were collected from five PCOS-IR patients of childbearing age before and after 3 months of metformin treatment, and the samples were sequenced.

Evolutionary profiles and complex admixture landscape in East Asia: New insights from modern and ancient Y chromosome variation perspectives.

Human Y-chromosomes are characterized by nonrecombination and uniparental inheritance, carrying traces of human history evolution and admixture. Large-scale population-specific genomic sources based on advanced sequencing technologies have revolutionized our understanding of human Y chromosome diversity and its anthropological and forensic applications. Here, we reviewed and meta-analyzed the Y chromosome genetic diversity of modern and ancient people from China and summarized the patterns of founding lineages of spatiotemporally different populations associated with their origin, expansion, and admixture.

Simultaneous Detection of Porcine Respiratory Coronavirus, Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus, Swine Influenza Virus, and Pseudorabies Virus via Quadruplex One-Step RT-qPCR.

Porcine respiratory coronavirus (PRCoV), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), swine influenza virus (SIV), and pseudorabies virus (PRV) are significant viruses causing respiratory diseases in pigs. Sick pigs exhibit similar clinical symptoms such as fever, cough, runny nose, and dyspnea, making it very difficult to accurately differentially diagnose these diseases on site. In this study, a quadruplex one-step reverse-transcription real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) for the detection of PRCoV, PRRSV, SIV, and PRV was established.

Malaria resistance-related biological adaptation and complex evolutionary footprints inferred from one integrative Tai-Kadai-related genomic resource.

Pathogen‒host adaptative interactions and complex population demographical processes, including admixture, drift, and Darwen selection, have considerably shaped the Neolithic-to-Modern Western Eurasian population structure and genetic susceptibility to modern human diseases. However, the genetic footprints of evolutionary events in East Asia remain unknown due to the underrepresentation of genomic diversity and the design of large-scale population studies. We reported one aggregated database of genome-wide SNP variations from 796 Tai-Kadai (TK) genomes, including that of Bouyei first reported here, to explore the genetic history, population structure, and biological adaptative features of TK people from southern China and Southeast Asia.

A triplex crystal digital PCR for the detection of genotypes I and II African swine fever virus.

African swine fever (ASF) is a highly contagious and lethal viral disease that causes severe hemorrhagic fever in pigs. It keeps spreading around the world, posing a severe socioeconomic risk and endangering biodiversity and domestic food security. ASF first outbroke in China in 2018, and has spread to most provinces nationwide.

Differentiated adaptative genetic architecture and language-related demographical history in South China inferred from 619 genomes from 56 populations.

Background: The underrepresentation of human genomic resources from Southern Chinese populations limited their health equality in the precision medicine era and complete understanding of their genetic formation, admixture, and adaptive features. Besides, linguistical and genetic evidence supported the controversial hypothesis of their origin processes. One hotspot case was from the Chinese Guangxi Pinghua Han people (GPH), whose language was significantly similar to Southern Chinese dialects but whose uniparental gene pool was phylogenetically associated with the indigenous Tai-Kadai (TK) people.

Reassessing the greenhouse effect of biogenic carbon emissions in constructed wetlands.

Biogenic carbon emissions, including carbon dioxide (CO) and methane (CH), have emerged as a major concern during organic pollutant degradation within constructed wetlands (CWs). Since these organic compounds primarily originate from the photosynthetic fixation of atmospheric CO, it potentially introduces uncertainty when assessing the greenhouse effect of biogenic carbon emissions in CWs based on direct field observations. To objectively assessing this effect, this study proposed a new strategy by quantifying CO-equivalent (CO-eq) changes as carbon passes through CWs and tested it in various types of CWs based on 64 literature records.

Signatures of selection in underpinning its rapid adaptation to laboratory conditions.

The dwarf surf clam, , is considered as a model species for bivalves because of its rapid growth and short generation time. Recently, successful breeding of this species for multiple generations in our laboratory revealed its acquisition of adaptive advantages during artificial breeding. In this study, 310 individuals from five different generations were genotyped with 22,196 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with the aim of uncovering the genetic basis of their adaptation to laboratory conditions.

An analysis of POMC gene methylation and expression in patients with schizophrenia.

Schizophrenia is a chronic mental disorder that affects millions of people and is believed to be caused by both environmental and genetic factors. Despite extensive research, the exact mechanisms underlying schizophrenia are still unclear. Studies have shown that numerous psychiatric disorders are associated with methylation of the POMC gene, which encodes adrenocorticotropic hormone, a critical player in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis.