[Advance in research on congenital hemidysplasia with ichthyosiform nevus and limb defects syndrome].

Congenital hemidysplasia with ichthyosiform nevus and limb defects (CHILD) syndrome is a rare X-linked dominant and male-lethal multi-system disorder characterized by congenital hemidysplasia, strictly lateralized ichthyosiform nevus and ipsilateral limb defects. CHILD syndrome is caused by mutations of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate steroid dehydrogenase-like protein (NSDHL) gene mapped to chromosome Xq28. The gene encodes 3β-hydroxylsterol dehydrogenase, which catalyses a step in the cholesterol biosynthetic pathway.

The electrophysiology of spinocerebellar ataxias.

Spinocerebellar Ataxias (SCAs) are a group of autosomal dominantly inherited neurodegenerative diseases, involving the cerebellum and the brainstem. Genetic testing is the most important method of diagnosis. Nowadays, nearly 40 types of SCAs have been identified by genetic analysis.