Environmental surveillance detected type 3 vaccine-derived polioviruses in increasing frequency at multiple sites prior to detection of a poliomyelitis case.

Israel conducts routine environmental (15 sites) and acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) surveillance for poliovirus. During September 2021, increasing numbers of wastewater samples collected from more than one site in the Jerusalem region proved positive for ambiguous type 3 vaccine-derived poliovirus (aVDPV3), while environmental samples from remaining sampling sites were negative. In late February 2022, a VDPV3, genetically related to the Jerusalem environmental surveillance samples, was isolated from a stool sample collected from a non-immunodeficient, non-immunized child from Jerusalem who developed AFP, indicating that the aVDPV3s were circulating (cVDPV3s) rather than immunodeficiency-related VDPV3s (iVDPVs).

Predictors of responses to clinic-based childhood obesity care.

Background/objective: Lifestyle modification is the therapy of choice for childhood obesity, yet the response rate is variable and may be affected by genetic factors. We aimed to investigate predictors of poor response to lifestyle modification obesity treatment in children.

Methods: A prospective cohort study of 434 youths (64.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and type 2 diabetes in obese children.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is commonly found in adults and adolescents with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). The cause-effect relations of these 2 conditions are complex and it is difficult to decipher whether one drives the other or vice versa. Genetic predispositions, along with obesity, are probably shared culprits of both.

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass vs sleeve gastrectomy for obese patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomised trial.

Aims/hypothesis: Bariatric surgery is gaining acceptance as a 'metabolic surgical intervention' for patients with type 2 diabetes. The optimal form of surgery and the mechanism of action of these procedures are much debated. We compared two bariatric procedures for obese patients with type 2 diabetes and evaluated their effects on HbA1c and glucose tolerance.

Bariatric surgery in obese adolescents.

Purpose Of Review: Bariatric surgery is gaining acceptance as an effective and well tolerated treatment of morbid obesity in adults yet experience in obese children is still lacking. The purpose of this review is to highlight recent findings in this exciting field and identify the knowledge gaps.

Recent Findings: One randomized controlled trial and several case series have been published in the last 2 years regarding bariatric surgery for obese adolescents.