Oral Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) Increases Parasympathetic Activity and Supraspinal Conditioned Pain Modulation in Chronic Neuropathic Pain Male Patients: A Crossover, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Background: Disordered autonomic nervous system regulation and supraspinal pain inhibition have been repeatedly described in chronic pain. We aimed to explore the effects of δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), an emerging treatment option, on autonomic nervous system and central pain modulation measures in patients with chronic pain.

Methods: Twelve male patients with chronic radicular neuropathic pain participated in a randomized, double-blind, crossover, placebo-controlled, single-administration trial.

Proteolytic Vesicles Derived from Serovar Typhimurium-Infected Macrophages: Enhancing MMP-9-Mediated Invasion and EV Accumulation.

Proteolysis of the extracellular matrix (ECM) by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) plays a crucial role in the immune response to bacterial infections. Here we report the secretion of MMPs associated with proteolytic extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by macrophages in response to serovar Typhimurium infection. Specifically, we used global proteomics, in vitro, and in vivo approaches to investigate the composition and function of these proteolytic EVs.

Cardiovascular Autonomic Profile in Women With Premenstrual Syndrome.

The premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a constellation of somatic and psychogenic symptoms that appear during late luteal (LL) phase of the menstrual cycle. Since many symptoms could be related to the autonomic nervous system, we hypothesized that the sympathetic nervous system is perturbed in PMS. The cardiovascular autonomic profile of nine women with PMS (30.

Cannabis analgesia in chronic neuropathic pain is associated with altered brain connectivity.

Objective: To characterize the functional brain changes involved in δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) modulation of chronic neuropathic pain.

Methods: Fifteen patients with chronic radicular neuropathic pain participated in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial employing a counterbalanced, within-subjects design. Pain assessments and functional resting state brain scans were performed at baseline and after sublingual THC administration.

Postoperative Pain Management Among Native and Non-native Israeli Citizens-Data From the European PAIN-OUT Registry.

Purpose: It has been widely reported that minority groups receive inferior emergency pain management. We aimed to determine whether this is true in the postoperative setting, as effective postoperative analgesia is an essential component of high quality medical care.

Design: A retrospective case-control study of paired 248 postsurgical Israeli patients.

Anti-oxidative treatment with vitamin E improves peripheral vascular function in patients with diabetes mellitus and Haptoglobin 2-2 genotype: A double-blinded cross-over study.

Vascular dysfunction in both conduit arteries and small vessels is a major contributor to the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in diabetes mellitus (DM). In diabetes there is a process of systemic chronic inflammation accompanied by high oxidative stress causing a subsequent decrease in vascular reactivity and negatively affect the metabolic processes responsible for functioning of the microvasculature. Vitamin E is classified as an antioxidant due to its ability to scavenge lipid radicals and terminate oxidative chain reactions.

Increased Sympathetic Outflow Induces Adaptation to Acute Experimental Pain.

Background: There are interrelationships between the autonomic nervous system and pain. This study aims to explore the effect of different autonomic manipulations on pain perception and modulation.

Methods: Twenty healthy subjects (10 men and 10 women, mean age 25 ± 3 years) participated in this single-blinded, semi-randomized, controlled study, which included 2 study visits.

Nitric oxide-sensitive guanylyl cyclase signaling affects CO-dependent but not pressure-dependent regulation of cerebral blood flow.

Cerebrovascular CO reactivity is affected by nitric oxide (NO). We tested the hypothesis that sildenafil selectively potentiates NO-cGMP signaling, which affects CO reactivity. Fourteen healthy males (34 ± 2 yr) were enrolled in the study.

Pain Modulation and Autonomic Function: The Effect of Clonidine.

Objective: The α2-agonist clonidine is an analgesic agent, whose yet uncertain action may involve either increase in pain modulation efficiency, change in autonomic function, and/or decrease in anxiety level. The present study aimed to examine the effect of oral clonidine on pain perception in healthy subjects in order to reveal its mode of action.

Design: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.

Is adenosine a modulator of peripheral vasoconstrictor responses?

Background: Local vasoconstrictor reflexes, the vascular myogenic response (VMR) and the veno-arterial reflex (VAR) are necessary for the maintenance of regional blood flow and systemic arterial blood pressure during orthostatic stress. Their molecular mechanism is unknown. We postulated that adenosine is involved in the activation of these local reflexes.

Sex differences in the relationships between parasympathetic activity and pain modulation.

Higher parasympathetic activity is related to lower pain perception in healthy subjects and pain patients. We aimed to examine whether this relationship depends on sex, in healthy subjects. Parasympathetic activity was assessed using time- and frequency-domain heart rate variability indices and deep breathing ratio.

Use of a new exsanguination tourniquet in internal fixation of distal radius fractures.

We describe our experience using a new device that results in a bloodless field in open repair of distal radius fractures. The device, an exsanguinating tourniquet (HemaClear model/40, OHK Medical Devices, Haifa, Israel), replaces the traditional methods of limb elevation, Esmarch bandaging, pneumatic tourniquet pressurizing and the associated components. HemaClear/40 is an elastic silicon ring with a tubular elastic sleeve rolled onto it.

Effect of chronic sildenafil treatment on penile endothelial function: a randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled study.

Purpose: Although the effect of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors on endothelial function in the systemic circulation has been extensively studied, its effect on penile endothelial function remains unexplored. Therefore, we evaluated the effect of daily sildenafil on penile endothelial function.

Materials And Methods: A total of 60 patients with erectile dysfunction were randomized blindly to daily placebo or 50 mg sildenafil for 4 weeks.

Haptoglobin genotype and endothelial function in diabetes mellitus: a pilot study.

Endothelial function (EnF) is impaired in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) due in large part to an increase in oxidative stress. Haptoglobin (Hp) is a potent antioxidant protein which is encoded by two different alleles (1 and 2) with the Hp 1 protein being a superior antioxidant to the Hp 2 protein. We hypothesized that DM individuals with the Hp 2-2 genotype would have greater endothelial dysfunction as compared to DM individuals with the Hp 1-1 genotype.

SPECT/CT-plethysmography--non-invasive quantitation of bone and soft tissue blood flow.

Preserved blood flow to bone and soft tissue is essential for their normal function. To date only numerous methods are suitable for direct bone blood flow (BBF) measurement. Here, we introduce a novel quantitative method for bone and soft tissue blood flow (BBF and SBF, respectively) measurement.

Penile and systemic endothelial function in men with and without erectile dysfunction.

Background: Assessment of endothelial function can provide essential information about the mechanisms of cardiovascular disease. Emerging data show that erectile dysfunction (ED) can precede the symptoms of ischemic heart disease, and this suggests that endothelial dysfunction is the link between these two clinical entities.

Objective: To evaluate penile and systemic endothelial function in subjects with and without ED.

Long-standing, neglected sacroiliitis with remarked sacro-iliac degenerative changes as a result of Brucella spp. infection.

Background: Osteoarticular disease is universally the most common complication of brucellosis. Sacro-iliac joint (SIJ) is the most frequent osteoarticular location of involvement. Sacroiliitis (SI) usually is associated with acute form of the disease, thus frank SIJ destruction caused by brucellosis is rare.

Exaggerated vasoconstriction in complex regional pain syndrome-1 is associated with impaired resistance artery endothelial function and local vascular reflexes.

Objective: Local regulatory mechanisms and microvascular function play a major role in the pathogenesis of hemodynamic and trophic changes in patients with complex regional pain syndrome-1 (CRPS). Venoarteriolar and venoarteriolar-myogenic reflexes (VAR, VMR, respectively) as well as endothelial-dependent vasodilatation are important contributors to local vasoregulation. We examined whether VAR and VMR as well as resistance artery endothelial function are damaged in affected limbs of patients with CRPS.

Hormonal and volume dysregulation in women with premenstrual syndrome.

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) presents with emotional and physical symptoms. Although the emotional symptoms have been extensively studied, the pathophysiology of the fluid-retention symptoms is not currently known. We tested the hypothesis that the fluid regulatory mechanisms are disturbed in PMS.

Complications associated with prolonged tourniquet application on the battlefield.

The use of a tourniquet to control bleeding is a necessity in both surgical and prehospital settings. Tourniquet application, if performed properly, can be a lifesaving procedure, particularly in a traumatic setting such as the battlefield. A tourniquet is easily applied and requires the use of a relatively uncomplicated piece of equipment.

Aspergillus vertebral osteomyelitis in chronic leukocyte leukemia patient diagnosed by a novel panfungal polymerase chain reaction method.

Background Context: Vertebral osteomyelitis and disciitis caused by Aspergillus spp is a rare event. Early diagnosis and early antifungal therapy are critical in improving the prognosis for these patients. The diagnosis of invasive fungal infections is, in many cases, not straightforward and requires invasive procedures so that histological examination and culture can be performed.

Effect of aging on the cardiovascular regulatory systems in healthy women.

Aging, independently from the hormonal status, is a major risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity in healthy women. Therefore, we studied the effect of healthy aging on the cardiovascular homeostatic mechanisms in premenopausal and postmenopausal women with similar estrogen levels. Twelve healthy postmenopausal women, confirmed by follicular-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteal hormone (LH) levels, were compared with 14 normally menstruating women during the early follicular phase (young-EF), to avoid as much as possible the effects of estrogen.

A new clinical method for the assessment of penile endothelial function using the flow mediated dilation with plethysmography technique.

Purpose: Penile endothelial function (EnF) is 1 of the major factors involved in the pathophysiology of erectile dysfunction. EnF assessment could offer crucial information on the etiology and degree of severity of cavernosal vascular pathology. In the present study we propose a new technique for the evaluation of penile EnF and test its applicability using strain gauge plethysmography.

L-DOPA increases noradrenaline turnover in central and peripheral nervous systems.

The ability of L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) to release noradrenaline (NA) from peripheral and CNS neurons was studied using isolated rat vas deferens and in vivo frontal cortex microdialysis. Application of L-DOPA (30 microM) to vas deferens increased basal NA efflux but not electrical field stimulation-evoked release of NA when the tissue was pretreated with an inhibitor of MAO-B (clorgyline 1 microM) or an inhibitor of MAO-A and MOA-B (AGN-1133 1 microM). No effect on NA efflux was seen when the tissue was treated with rasagiline (0.