Sorghum Prolamin Scaffolds-Based Hybrid Cultured Meat with Enriched Sensory Properties.

Cultured meat (CM) has been hailed as a sustainable future meat production technology that requires scaffolds to support cell growth. Plant proteins are the most promising raw materials for edible scaffolds but remain underutilized. In this study, kafirin, an abundant, readily available, and nonallergenic prolamin extracted from red sorghum, was explored to fabricate 3D porous sponge-like scaffolds via a simple template-leaching method.

3D Porous Edible Scaffolds from Rye Secalin for Cell-Based Pork Fat Tissue Culturing.

Cellular agriculture holds hope for a sustainable alternative to conventional meat, yet multiple technical challenges remain. These include the large-scale production of edible scaffolds and culturing methods for fat tissues, which are key to meat texture, flavor, and nutritional values. Herein.

Authentication of ten distinctive triterpenoids in Antrodia cinnamomea serves as a crucial aspect for ensuring the quality control of associated nutraceutical products.

Edible mushroom is distinctive for its use in many health supplement products in relieving of diverse health-related conditions. is known for its rich array of bioactive secondary metabolites, predominantly terpenoids, that possess anti-inflammatory properties. Despite the abundance of these compounds, only some compounds have demonstrated notable anti-inflammatory activity.

Machine learning and 3D bioprinting.

48With the growing number of biomaterials and printing technologies, bioprinting has brought about tremendous potential to fabricate biomimetic architectures or living tissue constructs. To make bioprinting and bioprinted constructs more powerful, machine learning (ML) is introduced to optimize the relevant processes, applied materials, and mechanical/biological performances. The objectives of this work were to collate, analyze, categorize, and summarize published articles and papers pertaining to ML applications in bioprinting and their impact on bioprinted constructs, as well as the directions of potential development.

Plant proteins as the functional building block of edible microcarriers for cell-based meat culture application.

Edible microcarriers are essential for developing cell-based meat in large-scale cell cultures. As they are required to be embedded in the final products, the microcarriers should be edible, biocompatible, cost-effective, and pathogen-free. The invention of edible animal-free microcarriers would be a breakthrough for cell-based meat culture.

3D-Printed Prolamin Scaffolds for Cell-Based Meat Culture.

Cultivating meat from muscle stem cells in vitro requires 3D edible scaffolds as the supporting matrix. Electrohydrodynamic (EHD) printing is an emerging 3D-printing technology for fabricating ultrafine fibrous scaffolds with high precision microstructures for biomedical applications. However, edible EHD-printed scaffolds remain scarce in cultured meat (CM) production partly due to special requirements with regard to the printability of ink.

Electrohydrodynamic Jet-Printed Ultrathin Polycaprolactone Scaffolds Mimicking Bruch's Membrane for Retinal Pigment Epithelial Tissue Engineering.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of visual loss and affects millions of people worldwide. Dysfunction of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is associated with the pathogenesis of AMD. The purpose of this work is to build and evaluate the performance of ultrathin scaffolds with an electrohydrodynamic jet (EHDJ) printing method for RPE cell culture.

Three-Dimensional Quantitative Structure and Activity Relationship of Flavones on Their Hypochlorite Scavenging Capacity.

Flavonoids, a class of polyphenolic substances widely present in the plant realm, are considered as ideal hypochlorite scavengers. However, to our knowledge, little study has focused on the structure-activity relationship between flavonoids and hypochlorite scavenging capacity. Herein, we report for the first time the three-dimensional quantitative structure and activity relationship (3D-QSAR) combined with comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA) and comparative molecular similarity indices analysis (CoMSIA).

Quantitative Determination of Ethylene Using a Smartphone-Based Optical Fiber Sensor (SOFS) Coupled with Pyrene-Tagged Grubbs Catalyst.

For rapid and portable detection of ethylene in commercial fruit ripening storage rooms, we designed a smartphone-based optical fiber sensor (SOFS), which is composed of a 15 mW 365 nm laser for fluorescence signal excitation and a bifurcated fiber system for signal flow direction from probe to smartphone. Paired with a pyrene-tagged Grubbs catalyst (PYG) probe, our SOFS showed a wide linearity range up to 350 ppm with a detection limit of 0.6 ppm.

Analyzing Cell-Scaffold Interaction through Unsupervised 3D Nuclei Segmentation.

Fibrous scaffolds have been extensively used in three-dimensional (3D) cell culture systems to establish models in cell biology, tissue engineering, and drug screening. It is a common practice to characterize cell behaviors on such scaffolds using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). As a noninvasive technology, CLSM images can be utilized to describe cell-scaffold interaction under varied morphological features, biomaterial composition, and internal structure.

Engineered Nanotopography on the Microfibers of 3D-Printed PCL Scaffolds to Modulate Cellular Responses and Establish an Tumor Model.

Scaffold-based three-dimensional (3D) cell culture systems have gained increased interest in cell biology, tissue engineering, and drug screening fields as a replacement of two-dimensional (2D) monolayer cell culture and as a way to provide biomimetic extracellular matrix environments. In this study, microscale fibrous scaffolds were fabricated via electrohydrodynamic printing, and nanoscale features were created on the fiber surface by simply leaching gliadin of poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL)/gliadin composites in ethanol solution. The microstructure of the printed scaffolds could be precisely controlled by printing parameters, and the surface nanotopography of the printed fiber could be tuned by varying the PCL/gliadin ratios.

Noninvasive Imaging and Monitoring of 3D-Printed Polycaprolactone Scaffolds Labeled with an NIR Region II Fluorescent Dye.

Significant progress has been made in fabricating porous scaffolds with ultrafine fibers for tissue regeneration. However, the lack of noninvasive tracking methods makes it impossible to track the fate of such scaffolds in situ. The development of near-infrared region II (NIR-II, 1000-1700 nm) dyes provides the possibility of performing noninvasive visualization with deep-tissue penetration and high spatial resolution .

Chitosan and Whey Protein Bio-Inks for 3D and 4D Printing Applications with Particular Focus on Food Industry.

The application of chitosan (CS) and whey protein (WP) alone or in combination in 3D/4D printing has been well considered in previous studies. Although several excellent reviews on additive manufacturing discussed the properties and biomedical applications of CS and WP, there is a lack of a systemic review about CS and WP bio-inks for 3D/4D printing applications. Easily modified bio-ink with optimal printability is a key for additive manufacturing.

Three-Dimensional RAW264.7 Cell Model on Electrohydrodynamic Printed Poly(ε-Caprolactone) Scaffolds for In Vitro Study of Anti-Inflammatory Compounds.

Inflammation plays an essential role in the human immune system, and anti-inflammatory compounds are important to promote health. However, the in vitro screening of these compounds is largely dependent on flat biology. Herein, we report our efforts in establishing a 3D inflammation murine macrophage model.

Using Plant Proteins to Develop Composite Scaffolds for Cell Culture Applications.

Electrohydrodynamic printing (EHDP) is capable of fabricating scaffolds that consist of micro/nano scale orientated fibers for three-dimensional (3D) cell culture models and drug screening applications. One of the major hurdles that limit the widespread application of EHDP is the lack of diverse biomaterial inks with appropriate printability and desired mechanical and biological properties. In this work, we blended plant proteins with synthetic biopolymer poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) to develop composite biomaterial inks, such as PCL/gliadin and PCL/zein for scaffold fabrication through EHDP.

Electrohydrodynamic printing process monitoring by microscopic image identification.

Electrohydrodynamic printing (EHDP) is able to precisely manipulate the position, size, and morphology of micro-/nano-fibers and fabricate high-resolution scaffolds using viscous biopolymer solutions. However, less attention has been paid to the influence of EHDP jet characteristics and key process parameters on deposited fiber patterns. To ensure the printing quality, it is very necessary to establish the relationship between the cone shapes and the stability of scaffold fabrication process.

Zein Increases the Cytoaffinity and Biodegradability of Scaffolds 3D-Printed with Zein and Poly(ε-caprolactone) Composite Ink.

Electrohydrodynamic printing (EHDP) has attracted extensive interests as a powerful technology to fabricate micro- to nano-scale fibrous scaffolds in a custom-tailored manner for biomedical applications. A few synthetic biopolymer inks are applicable to this EHDP technology, but the fabricated scaffolds suffered from low mechanical strength, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. In this study, a series of poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL)/zein composite inks were developed and their printability was examined on a solution-based EHDP system for scaffold fabrication.

Influence of electrohydrodynamic jetting parameters on the morphology of PCL scaffolds.

One of the important constituents in tissue engineering is scaffold, which provides structural support and suitable microenvironment for the cell attachment, growth and proliferation. To fabricate micro/nano structures for soft tissue repair and three-dimensional (3D) cell culture, the key is to improve fibre-based scaffold fabrication. Electrohydrodynamic (EHD) jetting is capable of producing and orientating submicron fibres for 3D scaffold fabrication.

Benzo-thia-fused []thienoacenequinodimethanes with small to moderate diradical characters: the role of pro-aromaticity anti-aromaticity.

Open-shell singlet diradicaloids have recently received much attention due to their unique optical, electronic and magnetic properties and promising applications in materials science. Among various diradicaloids, quinoidal π-conjugated molecules have become the prevailing design. However, the need for a fundamental understanding on how the fusion mode and pro-aromaticity/anti-aromaticity affect their diradical character and physical properties remains unaddressed.

Pro-aromatic bisphenaleno-thieno[3,2-b]thiophene versus anti-aromatic bisindeno-thieno[3,2-b]thiophene: different ground-state properties and applications in field-effect transistors.

A pro-aromatic bisphenaleno-thieno[3,2-b]thiophene (BPT-TIPS) was synthesized and compared with an anti-aromatic bisindeno-thieno[3,2-b]thiophene (S2-TIPS). BPT-TIPS showed larger diradical character, stronger absorption, longer excited state lifetime and better redox amphotericity than S2-TIPS.