Walnut shell oil-bath torrefaction coupled with fast pyrolysis: Effect of torrefaction heating modes.

Lignocellulosic biomass, renewable with short growth cycle and diverse sources, can be substituted fossil fuel. However, low effective hydrogen-to-carbon ratio (H/C) limits its applications. Torrefaction and co-pyrolysis with high H/C feedstocks are promising technology.

Microwave-assisted catalytic pyrolysis of waste cooking oil to monocyclic aromatics under a bifunctional SiC ball catalyst.

Catalytic pyrolysis technology proves to be a highly effective approach for waste cooking oil management. However, high-pressure drops and easy deactivation of powder catalysts hinder the industrialization of this technology. In this study, a bifunctional SiC ball (ZSM-5/SiC ball structured) catalyst was prepared to produce monocyclic aromatics.

Polyethylene upcycling to aromatics by pulse pressurized catalytic pyrolysis.

To address the challenging issues of waste plastic pollution and petroleum shortage, we report herein a pulse pressurized catalytic pyrolysis process where polyethylene is continuously converted into aromatics using HZSM-5 catalyst incorporated with hydrated SiO. Pressurization improves the activity of single-pulse pyrolysis of polyethylene by 14.42%.

Production of C-C olefins by catalytic pyrolysis of low-density polyethylene with MCM-41 in CO/N.

The current high volume of plastic waste, but low recycling rate, has led to environmental pollution and wasted energy. Greenhouse gas CO can facilitate thermal cracking to dehydrogenate waste plastics, and has potential value for producing olefins. In this work, the pyrolysis properties of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) were studied by thermogravimetric analysis and Py-GC/MS.

Research progress on pyrolysis of nitrogen-containing biomass for fuels, materials, and chemicals production.

Pyrolysis of nitrogen-containing biomass holds tremendous potential for producing varieties of high value-added products, alleviating energy depletion. Based on the research status about nitrogen-containing biomass pyrolysis, the effect of biomass feedstock composition on pyrolysis products is first introduced from the aspects of elemental analysis, proximate analysis, and biochemical composition. The properties of biomass with high and low nitrogen used in pyrolysis are briefly summarized.

Co-torrefaction of corncob and waste cooking oil coupled with fast co-pyrolysis for bio-oil production.

Lignocellulosic biomass is a rich source of fixed renewable carbon and a promising alternative to fossil sources. However, low effective hydrogen to carbon ratio limits its applications. This work studied the influence of oil-bath co-torrefaction of corncob and waste cooking oil for co-pyrolysis.

Microwave catalytic co-pyrolysis of waste cooking oil and low-density polyethylene to produce monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: Effect of different catalysts and pyrolysis parameters.

It is promising to convert waste oil and plastics to renewable fuels and chemicals by microwave catalytic co-pyrolysis, enabling pollution reduction and resource recovery. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of catalysts on the product selectivity of microwave-assisted co-pyrolysis of waste cooking oil and low-density polyethylene and optimize the pyrolysis process, including pyrolysis temperature, catalytic temperature, waste cooking oil to low-density polyethylene ratio, and catalyst to feedstocks ratio. The results indicated that catalysts had a great influence on the product distribution, and the yield of BTX (benzene, toluene, and xylenes), which increased in the following order: SAPO-34 < Hβ < HY < HZSM-5.

Pyrolysis of soybean soapstock for hydrocarbon bio-oil over a microwave-responsive catalyst in a series microwave system.

A novel Silicon carbide (SiC) foam ceramic based ZSM-5/SiC nanowires microwave-responsive catalyst was developed to upgrade the pyrolysis volatiles in a microwave-assisted series system (both the pyrolysis and catalytic systems were heated by microwave). The growth of SiC nanowires was helpful for the ZSM-5 growth on the SiC foam ceramic. Because the specific surface area of SiC foam ceramic was improved.

Integrating pyrolysis and ex-situ catalytic reforming by microwave heating to produce hydrocarbon-rich bio-oil from soybean soapstock.

The composite catalysts were synthesized with SiC powder and ZSM-5 and were characterized by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, pyridine-infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The catalysts showed a high heating rate and excellent catalytic performance for pyrolysis vapors, and the product fractional distribution and chemical compositions of bio-oil in a tandem system (microwave pyrolysis and microwave ex-situ catalytic reforming) was examined. Experimental results confirmed the quality of bio-oil produced by the microwave-induced catalytic reforming was better than that product through electric heating.

Microwave-assisted catalytic upgrading of co-pyrolysis vapor using HZSM-5 and MCM-41 for bio-oil production: Co-feeding of soapstock and straw in a downdraft reactor.

Microwave-assisted co-pyrolysis of low hydrogen-to-carbon and high hydrogen-to-carbon effective ratio materials with the aid of HZSM-5 and MCM-41 is a promising technique to improve the bio-oil quality. The low content of hydrocarbons and short life cycle of catalyst limit the application of pyrolysis technology in biomass energy conversion. The effects of catalytic temperature, and HZSM-5-to-MCM-41, feedstock-to-catalyst, and straw-to-soapstock ratios on the yield and composition of bio-oil were studied in this work.

Microwave-assisted co-pyrolysis of lignin and waste oil catalyzed by hierarchical ZSM-5/MCM-41 catalyst to produce aromatic hydrocarbons.

Microwave-assisted catalytic fast co-pyrolysis (MACFP) of lignin and waste oil with SiC as microwave absorbent and hierarchical ZSM-5/MCM-41 as catalyst were implemented in a microwave-induced reactor. ZSM-5/MCM-41 is a kind of composite catalyst with MCM-41 as shell and ZSM as core. The effects of catalyst temperature, the ratio of feedstock-to-catalyst and the ratio of two reactants (lignin and waste oil) on product distribution and yield were studied.