Vision outcomes in dogs with primary glaucoma surgically treated with lensectomy and endolaser cyclophotocoagulation after an Ahmed valve gonioimplantation failure.

Objective: The aim of this study was to retrospectively evaluate vision outcomes of dogs with primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) that underwent Ahmed valve gonioimplantation (AVG) followed by lensectomy and endolaser cyclophotocoagulation (ECP) with or without bleb resection after AVG failure.

Procedure: Medical records from 2008 to April 2022 were reviewed. All patients selected had an AVG performed first.

Effect of supervision and athlete age and sex on exercise-based injury prevention programme effectiveness in sport: A meta-analysis of 44 studies.

We aimed to evaluate the influence of supervision, athlete age and sex and programme duration and adherence on exercise-based injury prevention programme effectiveness in sport. Databases were searched for randomized controlled trials evaluating exercise-based injury prevention programme effectiveness compared to "train-as-normal". A random effects meta-analysis for overall effect and pooled effects by sex and supervision and meta-regression for age, intervention duration and adherence were performed.

The association of age at menarche and adult height with mammographic density in the International Consortium of Mammographic Density.

Background: Early age at menarche and tall stature are associated with increased breast cancer risk. We examined whether these associations were also positively associated with mammographic density, a strong marker of breast cancer risk.

Methods: Participants were 10,681 breast-cancer-free women from 22 countries in the International Consortium of Mammographic Density, each with centrally assessed mammographic density and a common set of epidemiologic data.

The WATER study: Which AquaTic ExeRcises increase muscle activity and limit pain for people with low back pain?

Objective: Aquatic exercise therapy is used for the treatment and management of chronic low back pain (CLBP). However, to the authors' knowledge, no studies to date have compared muscle activity between different aquatic exercises performed by people with CLBP. As such, this study assessed and compared muscle activity, pain, perceived exertion and exercise intensity between different rehabilitative aquatic exercises.

European Academy of Neurology guidance for developing and reporting clinical practice guidelines on rare neurological diseases.

Background And Purpose: Rare diseases affect up to 29 million people in the European Union, and almost 50% of them affect the nervous system or muscles. Delays in diagnosis and treatment onset and insufficient treatment choices are common. Clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) may improve the diagnosis and treatment of patients and optimize care pathways, delivering the best scientific evidence to all clinicians treating these patients.

Dietary Fiber, Insulin and Breast Tissue Composition at Age 15-18: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Risk of breast cancer in adult life is influenced by body size and height in childhood, but the mechanisms responsible for these associations are currently unknown. We carried out research to determine if, at age 15-18, measures of dietary intake were associated with body size, hormones, and with variations in breast tissue composition that in adult life are associated with risk of breast cancer.

Methods: In a cross-sectional study of 766 healthy Caucasian women aged 15-18, we measured percent breast water (PBW), total breast water and fat by magnetic resonance (MR), and assessed dietary intake using a validated food frequency questionnaire.

Prehabilitation for Recreational Runners: Motivators, Influencers, and Barriers to Injury Prevention Strategies for Running-Related Injury.

Context: Injury prevention programs are effective when implemented in team sports, but many recreational runners have less access to such focused interventions or peer support and often seek other sources to learn about injury reduction strategies.

Objective: This study aimed to explore runners' motivations in attending a prehabilitation (prehab) for runners workshop, establish their comprehension of prehab, and identify barriers to ongoing engagement with injury prevention.

Design: Qualitative study using focus groups.

Canine endotheliitis: Clinical characteristics, advanced imaging features, and treatment.

Objective: To describe the clinical findings, multimodal corneal imaging features and treatment in canine patients diagnosed with endotheliitis.

Animals Studied: Four canine patients met inclusion criteria for bilateral corneal disease with endothelial inflammation and secondary corneal edema that responded to topical anti-inflammatory treatment.

Methods: The patients selected underwent a complete ophthalmic examination with emphasis on the cornea including ultrasound pachymetry (USP), Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography (FD-OCT), in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM), and digital slit lamp photography.

Running coaches and running group leaders' engagement with, and beliefs and perceived barriers to prehabilitation and injury prevention strategies for runners.

Objectives: To identify which pre-and post-run injury risk reduction activities and prehabilitation (prehab) strategies Coaches and Running Group Leaders (Coaches/RGLs) engage in with runners; to explore their beliefs on why runners get injured; to identify Coaches/RGLs confidence providing injury prevention activities, and what they believe are effective for reducing risk of injury; to identify their perceived barriers to including prehab during running coaching/training.

Design: Survey; Participants: UK Coaches/RGLs (N = 100) OUTCOME MEASURES: Online questionnaire with open, closed and Likert scale questions.

Results: Most Coaches/RGLs performed active warm-ups (97%), cool-downs (94%),gave injury prevention advice (91%), and advice on recovery strategies (84%) during training.

A Regional System of High-Quality Care: Rural Hastings Health Link - A Collaborative Initiative.

The Rural Hastings Health Link coordinates care for the 1-5% of the local population whose complexity represents two-thirds of healthcare spending. Gateway Community Health Centre developed a primary care-led model with local partners in primary care and the broader health and social sector built on four interventions: a structure to support integrated system thinking with partners, system navigators embedded in primary care addressing medical and social needs, a digital care-coordination tool and data management supporting accountability. It has altered how providers respond to clients' needs and, as an integrated system of care, created a shared culture of change driven by trust.

Muscle Activity During Aquatic and Land Exercises in People With and Without Low Back Pain.

Background: Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is the most prevalent musculoskeletal disorder. Aquatic exercises are commonly used by physical therapists for CLBP treatment and management; however, there are no data on trunk muscle activation during aquatic exercises in people with CLBP.

Objective: We quantified activation of trunk and gluteal muscles, exercise intensity, pain, and perceived exertion in people with and without CLBP when performing water and land exercises.

Complete Genome Sequence of a Wild-Type Isolate of Caulobacter vibrioides Strain CB2.

The complete genome of Caulobacter vibrioides strain CB2 consists of a 4,123,726-bp chromosome, a GC content of 67.2%, and 3,896 coding DNA sequences. It has no rearrangements but numerous indels relative to the reference NA1000 genome.

CCR2 upregulated on peripheral T cells in osteoarthritis but not in bone marrow.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a condition affecting millions of patients around the world, causing pain and disability and often resulting in joint replacement surgery. The aetiology of OA has long been attributed to mechanical wear mainly due to the increased prevalence of OA in load bearing joints among older patients. However, recent studies reveal a complex molecular disease causality in which inflammation, nutritional deficit and angiogenesis lead to the destruction of the joint structure.

Running with injury: A study of UK novice and recreational runners and factors associated with running related injury.

Objectives: To investigate the incidence and type of running related injuries in novice and recreational UK runners, and identify factors associated with injury.

Design: Retrospective cross-sectional study.

Methods: Novice and recreational runners were recruited through UK parkrun to complete a web-based survey.

Urinary Bladder Cancer Tregs Suppress MMP2 and Potentially Regulate Invasiveness.

Regulatory T cells (Treg) have long been considered one-sided suppressors of antitumor immune responses and hence associated with poor patient outcome in cancer. However, evidence is mounting of a paradoxical positive prognostic effect of Tregs on certain malignancies, including urinary bladder cancer (UBC). This discrepancy has partly been attributed to the shear misidentification of Tregs, but also to the inflammatory profile of the tumor.

Mammographic density and ageing: A collaborative pooled analysis of cross-sectional data from 22 countries worldwide.

Background: Mammographic density (MD) is one of the strongest breast cancer risk factors. Its age-related characteristics have been studied in women in western countries, but whether these associations apply to women worldwide is not known.

Methods And Findings: We examined cross-sectional differences in MD by age and menopausal status in over 11,000 breast-cancer-free women aged 35-85 years, from 40 ethnicity- and location-specific population groups across 22 countries in the International Consortium on Mammographic Density (ICMD).

Mammographic density assessed on paired raw and processed digital images and on paired screen-film and digital images across three mammography systems.

Background: Inter-women and intra-women comparisons of mammographic density (MD) are needed in research, clinical and screening applications; however, MD measurements are influenced by mammography modality (screen film/digital) and digital image format (raw/processed). We aimed to examine differences in MD assessed on these image types.

Methods: We obtained 1294 pairs of images saved in both raw and processed formats from Hologic and General Electric (GE) direct digital systems and a Fuji computed radiography (CR) system, and 128 screen-film and processed CR-digital pairs from consecutive screening rounds.

Associations of Serum Levels of Sex Hormones in Follicular and Luteal Phases of the Menstrual Cycle with Breast Tissue Characteristics in Young Women.

Background: In previous work in young women aged 15-30 years we measured breast water and fat using MR and obtained blood for hormone assays on the same day in the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle. Only serum growth hormone levels and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) were significantly associated with percent breast water after adjustment for covariates. The sex hormones estradiol, progesterone and testosterone were not associated with percent water in the breast in the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle.

Superficial Keratectomy and Conjunctival Advancement Hood Flap (SKCAHF) for the Management of Bullous Keratopathy: Validation in Dogs With Spontaneous Disease.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of superficial keratectomy and conjunctival advancement hood flap (SKCAHF) for the treatment of bullous keratopathy in canine patients.

Methods: Nine dogs (12 eyes) diagnosed with progressive corneal edema underwent superficial keratectomy followed by placement of conjunctival advancement hood flaps. The canine patients were examined pre- and postoperatively using in vivo confocal microscopy, ultrasonic pachymetry (USP), and Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography (FD-OCT).

Development of measures to evaluate youth advocacy for obesity prevention.

Background: Youth advocacy has been successfully used in substance use prevention but is a novel strategy in obesity prevention. As a precondition for building an evidence base for youth advocacy for obesity prevention, the present study aimed to develop and evaluate measures of youth advocacy mediator, process, and outcome variables.

Methods: The Youth Engagement and Action for Health (YEAH!) program (San Diego County, CA) engaged youth and adult group leaders in advocacy for school and neighborhood improvements to nutrition and physical activity environments.

A pilot study evaluating the effects of a youth advocacy program on youth readiness to advocate for environment and policy changes for obesity prevention.

Youth advocacy for obesity prevention is a promising but under-evaluated intervention. The aims of this study are to evaluate a youth advocacy program's outcomes related to youth perceptions and behaviors, develop an index of youth advocacy readiness, and assess potential predictors of advocacy readiness. Youth ages 9-22 in an advocacy training program (n = 92 matched pairs) completed surveys before and after training.

International Consortium on Mammographic Density: Methodology and population diversity captured across 22 countries.

Mammographic density (MD) is a quantitative trait, measurable in all women, and is among the strongest markers of breast cancer risk. The population-based epidemiology of MD has revealed genetic, lifestyle and societal/environmental determinants, but studies have largely been conducted in women with similar westernized lifestyles living in countries with high breast cancer incidence rates. To benefit from the heterogeneity in risk factors and their combinations worldwide, we created an International Consortium on Mammographic Density (ICMD) to pool individual-level epidemiological and MD data from general population studies worldwide.