Uncertainty-Driven Parallel Transformer-Based Segmentation for Oral Disease Dataset.

Accurate oral disease segmentation is a challenging task, for three major reasons: 1) The same type of oral disease has a diversity of size, color and texture; 2) The boundary between oral lesions and their surrounding mucosa is not sharp; 3) There is a lack of public large-scale oral disease segmentation datasets. To address these issues, we first report an oral disease segmentation network termed Oralformer, which enables to tackle multiple oral diseases. Specifically, we use a parallel design to combine local-window self-attention (LWSA) with channel-wise convolution (CWC), modeling cross-window connections to enlarge the receptive fields while maintaining linear complexity.

Image-free single-pixel object detection.

Recently developed image-free sensing techniques have achieved remarkable performance in various vision tasks. However, existing image-free methods still cannot simultaneously obtain the category, location, and size information of all objects. In this Letter, we report a novel image-free single-pixel object detection (SPOD) technique.

Agile wide-field imaging with selective high resolution.

Wide-field and high-resolution (HR) imaging are essential for various applications such as aviation reconnaissance, topographic mapping, and safety monitoring. The existing techniques require a large-scale detector array to capture HR images of the whole field, resulting in high complexity and heavy cost. In this work, we report an agile wide-field imaging framework with selective high resolution that requires only two detectors.

Creation of Single-Photon Emitters in WSe Monolayers Using Nanometer-Sized Gold Tips.

Due to their tunable bandgaps and strong spin-valley locking, transition metal dichalcogenides constitute a unique platform for hosting single-photon emitters. Here, we present a versatile approach for creating bright single-photon emitters in WSe monolayers by the deposition of gold nanostars. Our molecular dynamics simulations reveal that the formation of the quantum emitters is likely caused by the highly localized strain fields created by the sharp tips of the gold nanostars.

Defect creation in WSe with a microsecond photoluminescence lifetime by focused ion beam irradiation.

Defect engineering is important for tailoring the electronic and optical properties of two-dimensional materials, and the capability of generating defects of certain types at specific locations is meaningful for potential applications such as optoelectronics and quantum photonics. In this work, atomic defects are created in single-layer WSe2 using focused ion beam (FIB) irradiation, with defect densities spanning many orders of magnitude. The influences of defects are systematically characterized.

Ultrafast Exciton Trapping at Quantum Defects in Carbon Nanotubes.

Semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) constitute an ideal platform for developing near-infrared biosensors, single photon sources, and nanolasers due to their distinct optical and electrical properties. Covalent doping of SWCNTs has recently been discovered as an efficient approach in enhancing their emission intensities. We perform pump-probe studies of SWCNTs that are covalently doped with quantum defects and reveal strikingly different exciton formation dynamics and decay mechanisms in the presence of the defect sites.

The hypoxia-mimetic agent CoCl₂ induces chemotherapy resistance in LOVO colorectal cancer cells.

Hypoxia, which is an important factor that mediates tumor progression and poor treatment response, is particularly associated with tumor chemoresistance. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying hypoxia-induced colorectal cancer chemoresistance remain unclear. The present study aimed to explore the mechanism underlying hypoxia‑induced chemotherapy resistance in LOVO colorectal cancer cells.

Evaporative thinning: a facile synthesis method for high quality ultrathin layers of 2D crystals.

The palette of two-dimensional materials has expanded beyond graphene in recent years to include the chalcogenides among other systems. However, there is a considerable paucity of methods for controlled synthesis of mono- and/or few-layer two-dimensional materials with desirable quality, reproducibility, and generality. Here we show a facile top-down synthesis approach for ultrathin layers of 2D materials down to monolayer.