Impact of surgical variables on residual glandular tissue in risk-reducing mastectomies: Results of a retrospective monocentric study from a center of the German consortium for hereditary breast and ovarian cancer.

Purpose: Residual glandular tissue (RGT) after risk reducing mastectomy (RRME) is associated with a risk of developing breast cancer for women with a familial predisposition. We aim to examine various surgery-related variables to make risk more easily assessable and to aid in decision-making.

Materials And Methods: Pre- and postoperative breast MRI scans from 2006 to 2021 of patients with proven pathogenic mutation were included.

Effects of Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor Therapy on Osteoblastic Activity at Sites of Inflammatory and Structural Lesions in Radiographic Axial Spondyloarthritis: A Prospective Proof-of-Concept Study Using Positron Emission Tomography/Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Sacroiliac Joints and Spine.

Objective: Proof-of-concept trial to determine the effects of tumor necrosis factor inhibitor (TNFi) therapy on osteoblastic activity at sites of inflammatory and structural lesions in patients with radiographic axial spondyloarthritis (SpA), using fluorine 18-labeled NaF ( F-NaF) positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (PET/MRI).

Methods: Sixteen patients with clinically active radiographic axial SpA were prospectively enrolled to receive TNFi treatment and undergo F-NaF PET/MRI of the sacroiliac (SI) joints and spine at baseline and at a follow-up visit 3-6 months after treatment initiation. Three readers (1 for PET/MRI and 2 for conventional MRI) evaluated all images, blinded to time point.

18F-FDG-PET/CT in relapsed multiple myeloma: Are prognostic thresholds different from first-line therapy?

Purpose: While F-FDG PET/CT yields valuable prognostic information for patients in first-line therapy of multiple myeloma (MM), its prognostic relevance in relapse is not established. Available studies of relapsed MM describe prognostic thresholds for frequently used PET/CT parameters that are significantly higher than those identified in the first-line setting. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prognostic role of PET/CT in relapsed MM, based on parameters used in the first-line setting.

Is there a diagnostic benefit of late-phase abdomino-pelvic PET/CT after urination as part of whole-body Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT for restaging patients with biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy?

Background: To assess the diagnostic value of an additional late-phase PET/CT scan after urination as part of  Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT for the restaging of patients with biochemically recurrent prostate cancer (BCR).

Methods: This retrospective trial included patients with BCR following radical prostatectomy, who underwent standard whole-body early-phase PET/CT performed 105 ± 45 min and an additional late-phase PET/CT performed 159 ± 13 min after injection of  Ga-PSMA-11. Late-phase PET/CT covered a body volume from below the liver to the upper thighs and was conducted after patients had used the bathroom to empty their urinary bladder.

Impact of Different Metal Artifact Reduction Techniques on Attenuation Correction of Normal Organs in F-FDG-PET/CT.

Purpose: To evaluate the impact of different metal artifact reduction algorithms on Hounsfield units (HU) and the standardized uptake value (SUV) in normal organs in patients with different metal implants.

Methods: This study prospectively included 66 patients (mean age of 66.02 ± 13.

Free-breathing 3D Stack of Stars GRE (StarVIBE) sequence for detecting pulmonary nodules in F-FDG PET/MRI.

Background: The free-breathing T1-weighted 3D Stack of Stars GRE (StarVIBE) MR sequence potentially reduces artifacts in chest MRI. The purpose of this study was to evaluate StarVIBE for the detection of pulmonary nodules in F-FDG PET/MRI.

Material And Methods: In this retrospective analysis, conducted on a prospective clinical trial cohort, 88 consecutive women with newly diagnosed breast cancer underwent both contrast-enhanced whole-body F-FDG PET/MRI and computed tomography (CT).

ULTRA-LOW-DOSE COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY IN UROLITHIASIS-EFFECT OF AN ADDITIONAL TIN FILTER ON IMAGE QUALITY AND RADIATION DOSE.

To compare radiation dose and image quality of three CT-scanners using optimal dose protocols in patients with suspected urolithiasis regarding additional hardware (tin filter) and software (iterative reconstruction). Examinations from a single-source CT-scanner (A2) and a dual-source CT-scanner (DSCT) (A1) were compared to a tin filter DSCT (B) regarding dose-length product (DLP) and volume-weighted CT dose-index (CTDIvol). DLP of B was 51 and 53% lower in comparison to A1 and A2 (78.

Prospective comparison of CT and 18F-FDG PET/MRI in N and M staging of primary breast cancer patients: Initial results.

Objectives: To compare the diagnostic accuracy of contrast-enhanced thoraco-abdominal computed tomography and whole-body 18F-FDG PET/MRI in N and M staging in newly diagnosed, histopathological proven breast cancer.

Material And Methods: A total of 80 consecutive women with newly diagnosed and histopathologically confirmed breast cancer were enrolled in this prospective study. Following inclusion criteria had to be fulfilled: (1) newly diagnosed, treatment-naive T2-tumor or higher T-stage or (2) newly diagnosed, treatment-naive triple-negative tumor of every size or (3) newly diagnosed, treatment-naive tumor with molecular high risk (T1c, Ki67 >14%, HER2neu over-expression, G3).

Determining the axillary nodal status with four current imaging modalities including F-FDG PET/MRI in newly diagnosed breast cancer: A comparative study using histopathology as reference standard.

To compare breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), thoracal MRI, thoracal F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (F-FDG PET)/MRI and axillary sonography for the detection of axillary lymph node metastases in women with newly diagnosed breast cancer. This prospective double-center study included patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer between March 2018 and December 2019. Patients underwent thoracal (F-FDG PET/)MRI, axillary sonography, and dedicated prone breast MRI.

Prospective comparison of the diagnostic accuracy of 18F-FDG PET/MRI, MRI, CT, and bone scintigraphy for the detection of bone metastases in the initial staging of primary breast cancer patients.

Objectives: To compare the diagnostic performance of [F]FDG PET/MRI, MRI, CT, and bone scintigraphy for the detection of bone metastases in the initial staging of primary breast cancer patients.

Material And Methods: A cohort of 154 therapy-naive patients with newly diagnosed, histopathologically proven breast cancer was enrolled in this study prospectively. All patients underwent a whole-body [F]FDG PET/MRI, computed tomography (CT) scan, and a bone scintigraphy prior to therapy.

Comparison of pre- and post-contrast-enhanced attenuation correction using a CAIPI-accelerated T1-weighted Dixon 3D-VIBE sequence in Ga-DOTATOC PET/MRI.

Objectives: To investigate the influence of contrast agent administration on attenuation correction (AC) based on a CAIPIRINHA (CAIPI)-accelerated T1-weighted Dixon 3D-VIBE sequence in Ga-DOTATOC PET/MRI.

Material And Methods: Fifty-one patients with neuroendocrine tumors underwent whole-body Ga-DOTATOC PET/MRI for tumor staging. Two PET reconstructions were performed using AC-maps that were created using a high-resolution CAIPI-accelerated Dixon-VIBE sequence with an additional bone atlas and truncation correction using the HUGE (B0 homogenization using gradient enhancement) method before and after application of Gadolinium (Gd)-based contrast agent.

PET/CT imaging for evaluation of multimodal treatment efficacy and toxicity in advanced NSCLC-current state and future directions.

Purpose: The advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has revolutionized the treatment of advanced NSCLC, leading to a string of approvals in recent years. Herein, a narrative review on the role of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG PET/CT) in the ever-evolving treatment landscape of advanced NSCLC is presented.

Methods: This comprehensive review will begin with an introduction into current treatment paradigms incorporating ICIs; the evolution of CT-based criteria; moving onto novel phenomena observed with ICIs and the current state of hybrid imaging for diagnosis, treatment planning, evaluation of treatment efficacy and toxicity in advanced NSCLC, also taking into consideration its limitations and future directions.

Correlation between contrast enhancement, standardized uptake value (SUV), and diffusion restriction (ADC) with tumor grading in patients with therapy-naive neuroendocrine neoplasms using hybrid Ga-DOTATOC PET/MRI.

Objectives: To investigate a correlation between Ga-DOTATOC PET/MR imaging parameters such as arterial and venous contrast enhancement, diffusion restriction, and maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) with histopathological tumor grading in patients with neuroendocrine neoplasms (NEN).

Material And Methods: A total of 26 patients with newly diagnosed, therapy-naive neuroendocrine neoplasms (NEN) were enrolled in this prospective study and underwent Ga-DOTATOC PET/MRI. Images were evaluated regarding NEN lesion number and location, predominant tumor signal intensity on precontrast T1w and T2w images and on postcontrast arterial and portal venous phase T1w images, apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and SUVmax.

Prospective Correlation of Prognostic Immunohistochemical Markers With SUV and ADC Derived From Dedicated Hybrid Breast 18F-FDG PET/MRI in Women With Newly Diagnosed Breast Cancer.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to correlate prognostically relevant immunohistochemical parameters of breast cancer with simultaneously acquired SUVs and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values derived from hybrid breast PET/MRI.

Patients And Methods: Fifty-six women with newly diagnosed, therapy-naive, histologically proven breast cancer (mean age, 54.1 ± 12.

Correlation of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and standardized uptake values (SUV) with overall survival in patients with primary non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) using F-FDG PET/MRI.

Objectives: To investigate if the combined analysis of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and standardized uptake values (SUV) measured in F-fluoro-deoxy-glucose-positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (F-FDG PET/MRI) examinations correlates with overall survival in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Material And Methods: A total of 92 patients with newly diagnosed, histopathologically proven NSCLC (44 women and 48 men, mean age 63.1 ± 9.

Influence of a novel deep-learning based reconstruction software on the objective and subjective image quality in low-dose abdominal computed tomography.

Objectives: Modern reconstruction and post-processing software aims at reducing image noise in CT images, potentially allowing for a reduction of the employed radiation exposure. This study aimed at assessing the influence of a novel deep-learning based software on the subjective and objective image quality compared to two traditional methods [filtered back-projection (FBP), iterative reconstruction (IR)].

Methods: In this institutional review board-approved retrospective study, abdominal low-dose CT images of 27 patients (mean age 38 ± 12 years, volumetric CT dose index 2.

Assessment of Suspected Malignancy or Infection in Immunocompromised Patients After Solid Organ Transplantation by [F]FDG PET/CT and [F]FDG PET/MRI.

Purpose: To study the value of 2-deoxy-2-[F]fluoro-D-glucose([F]FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) and [F]FDG positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (PET/MRI) in assessing immunocompromised patients with suspected malignancy or infection.

Methods: [F]FDG-PET/CT and [F]FDG-PET/MRI examinations of patients who were immunocompromised after receiving lung, heart, pancreas, kidney, liver, or combined kidney-liver transplants were analyzed in this retrospective study. Patients underwent whole-body hybrid-imaging because of clinical signs of malignancy and/or infection.

Is there a connection between immunohistochemical markers and grading of lung cancer with apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and standardised uptake values (SUV) of hybrid 18F-FDG-PET/MRI?

Introduction: To correlate tumour grading and prognostic immunohistochemical markers of lung cancer with simultaneously acquired standardised uptake values (SUV) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) derived from hybrid PET/MRI.

Methods: In this retrospective study, 55 consecutive patients (mean age 62.5 ± 9.

Comparison of F-FDG PET-MR and fecal biomarkers in the assessment of disease activity in patients with ulcerative colitis.

Objective: To compare the diagnostic performance of fecal biomarkers and F-fludeoxyglucose (F-FDG) positron emmision tomography-MR (PET-MR) in the assessment of disease activity in patients with ulcerative colitis.

Methods: This study was conducted under the framework of a single-center clinical trial (clinicaltrials.gov [NCT03781284]).

Diagnostic value and forensic relevance of a novel photorealistic 3D reconstruction technique in post-mortem CT.

Objectives: Evaluation of performance and forensic relevance of a novel, photorealistic, 3D reconstruction method (cinematic rendering, (CR)) in comparison with conventional post-mortem CT (PMCT) and volume rendering (VR) technique for visualization of traumatic injuries.

Methods: 112 pathologies (fractures, soft tissue injuries and foreign bodies) from 33 human cadavers undergoing whole body PMCT after traumatic death were retrospectively analyzed. Pathologies were reconstructed with CR and VR techniques.