Metabolomics as an emerging tool for the pharmacological and toxicological studies on Aconitum alkaloids.

Aconitum (Ranunculaceae) has a long-standing history in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), where it has been widely used to treat conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), myocardial infarction, and heart failure. However, the potency of Aconitum alkaloids, the primary active components of Aconitum, also confers substantial toxicity. Therefore, assessing the efficacy and toxicity of these Aconitum alkaloids is crucial for ensuring clinical effectiveness and safety.

Prognostic valule of vasoactive drug score, NT-proBNP, and blood lactate level at 6 h post-admission in adult sepsis patients:A single-center, retrospective study.

Background: Sepsis is a prevalent and critical condition triggered by an exaggerated immune response to specific infectious agents. The classification of the severity of sepsis plays a fundamental role in early identification and structured management, aiding in the prediction of increased risk of mortality. Despite the utilization of numerous biomarkers in sepsis diagnosis and treatment guidance, the early identification and prediction of sepsis still pose significant challenges.

METTL3 regulates autophagy of hypoxia-induced cardiomyocytes by targeting ATG7.

N-methyladenosine (mA) mRNA modification is the most common mRNA internal modification in eukaryotes, which participates in a variety of biological processes. However, the role of mA methylation in regulating autophagy induced by ischemia and hypoxia remains to be widely investigated. Here, we investigated the impact of METTL3, a key mA methyltransferase, on the autophagy regulation in ischemic and hypoxic cardiomyocytes, as well as in mice following acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

Enhanced bile acid detection and analysis in liver fibrosis with pseudo-targeted metabolomics.

Bile acids (BAs) are essential signaling molecules that engage in host and gut microbial metabolism, playing a crucial role in maintaining organismal stability. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) is a widely employed technique for metabolite analysis in biological samples due to its high sensitivity, excellent specificity, and low detection limits. This method has emerged as the mainstream approach for the detection and analysis of BAs.

A complementary and integrated strategy for multicomponent characterization and attribution of Danning tablet based on convergence and liquid chromatography combined with mass spectrometry.

Danning tablet (DNT) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) that contains seven herbal ingredients. It has been clinically used to treat liver and gallbladder diseases in humans. However, the complex composition of TCM prescriptions makes it challenging to fully analyze different polar range compounds.

Pharmacological mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine against acute lung injury: From active ingredients to herbal formulae.

Background: Acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are the leading causes of acute respiratory failure in many critical diseases and are among the main respiratory diseases with high clinical mortality. The global outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can cause severe ARDS, resulting in a steep rise in the number of patient deaths. Therefore, it is important to explore the pathogenesis of ALI and find effective therapeutic agents.

Rapid identification and on-site analysis by miniature mass spectrometry of chemical markers for fragrant rosewood authentication.

Dalbergia odorifera T. Chen (Dalbergiae Odoriferae Lignum, DOL), renowned for its therapeutic applications in traditional Chinese medicine and its value in crafting luxury items, faces challenges due to the slow heartwood formation process and subsequent market adulteration. The proliferation of counterfeit products necessitates reliable methods for rapid, on-site authentication.

An integrated 3-M workflow for accelerated annotation of natural products: Flavonoids in Daemonorops draco as a case study.

Efficient annotation and dereplication of metabolites, particularly those from resource-endangered plants lacking reference standards, is crucial for natural products development. Advanced techniques like high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) have significantly enhanced metabolite characterization. However, challenges such as redundant spectral data, limited reference databases, and inferior dereplication capacity hinder its broad applicability.

RBM15 Protects From Myocardial Infarction by Stabilizing NAE1.

RNA-binding proteins play multiple roles in several biological processes. However, the roles of RBM15-an important RNA-binding protein and a significant regulator of RNA methylation-in cardiovascular diseases remain elusive. This study aimed to investigate the biological function of RBM15 and its fundamental mechanisms in myocardial infarction (MI).

On-site analysis and rapid identification of citrus herbs by miniature mass spectrometry and machine learning.

Background: Natural medicines present a considerable analytical challenge due to their diverse botanical origins and complex multi-species composition. This inherent complexity complicates their rapid identification and analysis. Tangerine peel, a product of the Citrus species from the Rutaceae family, is widely used both as a culinary ingredient and in traditional Chinese medicine.

Rapid analysis of bioactive compounds from citrus samples by direct analysis in real-time mass spectrometry combined with chemometrics.

Renowned for their nutritional benefits, citrus fruits are harvested at various stages in China for functional food production. This study introduces an innovative analytical method, DART-MS, enabling direct qualitative analysis of citrus samples without the need for preprocessing. Simultaneously, the combination of chemometrics can be applied to distinguish between three different citrus samples: , , and "Chachi".

A versatile economic strategy by HPLC-CAD for quantification of structurally diverse markers in quality control of Shengmai Formula from raw materials to preparations.

Background: Shengmai Formula (SMF), a classic formula in treating Qi-Yin deficiency, is composed of Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma Rubra (GRR), Ophiopogon Radix (OR), and Schisandra chinensis Fructus (SC), and has been developed into various dosage forms including Shengmai Yin Oral Liquid (SMY), Shengmai Capsules (SMC), and Shengmai Injection (SMI). The pharmacological effects of compound Chinese medicine are attributed to the integration of multiple components. Yet the quality criteria of SMF are limited to monitoring schisandrol A or ginsenosides Rg1 and Re, but none for OR.

Comprehensive profiling of amino acids and derivatives in biological samples: A robust UHPLC-MS/MS method for investigating acute lung injury.

The severe respiratory dysfunctions associated with acute lung injury (ALI) and its sequelae have a high morbidity and mortality rate, are multifactorial, and lack a viable treatment. Considering the critical function that amino acids and derivatives play in the genesis of illnesses and the regulation of metabolic processes, monitoring the levels of metabolites associated with amino acids in biological matrices is necessary and interesting to study their pathological mechanisms. Exploring the dynamics of amino acids and derivatives level and searching for biomarkers provides improved clinical ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of ALI.

Uncovering the secrets of agarwood aroma according to regions and grades using a comprehensive analytical strategy.

Agarwood holds significant importance as a valuable resource for aromatic purposes, however, key components responsible for aroma and the differences between regions and grades remain to be deeply elucidated. Thus, the odors of agarwood sourced from typical zones, as well as the renowned Kynam agarwood, were analyzed by HS-SPME Arrow GC-MS in SCAN and MRM modes. The integrated strategy proposed herein exploits the respective advantages of non-targeted and targeted analysis.

Mass spectrometric analysis strategies for pyrrolizidine alkaloids.

Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) in food and natural preparations have received widespread attention due to their hepatotoxicity, genotoxicity, and embryotoxicity. Mass spectrometry (MS), as a high resolution, high sensitive, and high throughput detection tool, has been the most commonly used technique for the determination of PAs. The continuous advancement of new technologies, methods, and strategies in the field of MS has contributed to the improvement of the analytical efficiency and methodological enhancement of PAs.

Rare ginsenosides: A unique perspective of ginseng research.

Background: Rare ginsenosides (Rg3, Rh2, C-K, etc.) refer to a group of dammarane triterpenoids that exist in low natural abundance, mostly produced by deglycosylation or side chain modification via physicochemical processing or metabolic transformation in gut, and last but not least, exhibited potent biological activity comparing to the primary ginsenosides, which lead to a high concern in both the research and development of ginseng and ginsenoside-related nutraceutical and natural products. Nevertheless, a comprehensive review on these promising compounds is not available yet.

A comprehensive profiling of renin-angiotensin system in mouse and human plasma by a rapid quantitative analysis of 14 angiotensin peptides using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry.

Background: The renin-angiotensin system produces a series of biologically active angiotensin (Ang) peptides. These Ang peptides are the major regulators of blood pressure and Na homeostasis, and play a critical role in maintaining cardiovascular and fluid homeostasis. The concentration of Ang peptides in the body is at trace levels, making their detection and quantification a challenge.

Targeted bile acids metabolomics in cholesterol gallbladder polyps and gallstones: From analytical method development towards application to clinical samples.

Bile acids (BAs) are synthesized by the liver from cholesterol through several complementary pathways and aberrant cholesterol metabolism plays pivotal roles in the pathogeneses of cholesterol gallbladder polyps (CGP) and cholesterol gallstones (CGS). To date, there is neither systematic study on BAs profile of CGP or CGS, nor the relationship between them. To explore the metabolomics profile of plasma BAs in healthy volunteers, CGP and CGS patients, an ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method was developed and validated for simultaneous determination of 42 free and conjugated BAs in human plasma.

An innovative processing driven efficient transformation of rare ginsenosides enhances anti-platelet aggregation potency of notoginseng by integrated analyses of processing-(chemical) profiling-pharmacodynamics.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F. H.

Red ginseng extracts ameliorate high-fat diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance by activating the intestinal TGR5-mediated bile acids signaling pathway.

Background: Obesity has emerged as a worldwide metabolic disease, given its rapid growth in global prevalence. Red ginseng extracts (RGS), one of the traditional processed products of ginseng, show the potential to improve the metabolic phenotype of obesity. However, the RGS mechanism for regulating obesity and late insulin resistance remains to be clarified.

Identification and validation of diagnostic biomarkers of coronary artery disease progression in type 1 diabetes via integrated computational and bioinformatics strategies.

Objective: Our study aimed to identify early peripheral blood diagnostic biomarkers and elucidate the immune mechanisms of coronary artery disease (CAD) progression in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).

Methods: Three transcriptome datasets were retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Gene modules associated with T1DM were selected with weighted gene co-expression network analysis.

TNC Accelerates Hypoxia-Induced Cardiac Injury in a METTL3-Dependent Manner.

Cardiac fibrosis and cardiomyocyte apoptosis are reparative processes after myocardial infarction (MI), which results in cardiac remodeling and heart failure at last. Tenascin-C (TNC) consists of four distinct domains, which is a large multimodular glycoprotein of the extracellular matrix. It is also a key regulator of proliferation and apoptosis in cardiomyocytes.

Study on herb-herb interaction between active components of Plantago asiatica L. seed and Coptis chinensis Franch. rhizoma based on transporters using UHPLC-MS/MS.

The combined efficacy in lowering serum lipid levels and increasing kidney protection of Plantago asiatica L. seed (Plantago) and Coptis chinensis Franch. rhizoma (Coptis) is far better than the effects of either herb alone.