Associations between term cesarean delivery in the first pregnancy and second-pregnancy preterm delivery.

Introduction: Cesarean delivery has been shown to increase the risk of preterm delivery in future pregnancies. The association could be a direct result of the procedure, or because the indications that led to the cesarean delivery also increase the risk of preterm delivery in later pregnancies.

Material And Methods: 298 901 mothers with first and second singleton deliveries from 1999 to 2020 were investigated using data from the Medical Birth Registry of Norway linked with Statistics Norway.

Pregnancy-Associated Maternal Mortality Within One Year After Childbirth: Population-Based Cohort Study.

Objective: The objective of this study is to assess associations between pregnancy complications and pregnancy-associated maternal mortality (PAM) within 1 year after childbirth.

Design: Population-based cohort study.

Setting: Norway, 1967-2020.

Pre-pregnancy obesity among immigrant and non-immigrant women in Norway: Prevalence, trends, and subgroup variations.

Introduction: This study assessed prevalence and time trends of pre-pregnancy obesity in immigrant and non-immigrant women in Norway and explored the impact of immigrants' length of residence on pre-pregnancy obesity prevalence.

Material And Methods: Observational data from the Medical Birth Registry of Norway and Statistics Norway for the years 2016-2021 were analyzed. Immigrants were categorized by their country of birth and further grouped into seven super regions defined by the Global Burden of Disease study.

Unveiling sex bias and adverse neonatal outcomes in ultrasound estimation of gestational age: A population-based cohort study.

Background: Gestational age estimation by second-trimester ultrasound biometry introduces systematic errors due to sex differences in early foetal growth, consequently increasing the risk of adverse neonatal outcomes. Ultrasound estimation earlier in pregnancy may reduce this bias.

Objectives: To investigate the distribution of sex ratio by gestational age and estimate the risk of adverse outcomes in male foetuses born early-term and female foetuses born post-term by first- and second-trimester ultrasound estimations.

The relationship between cesarean delivery and fecundability: a population-based cohort study.

Background: Previous studies have found that women who undergo cesarean delivery have fewer pregnancies. Cesarean delivery is also more common among women with lower fecundability. The potential role of cesarean delivery in reduced fecundability is not known.

Birthweight of the subsequent singleton pregnancy following a first twin or singleton pregnancy.

Introduction: Birthweight is an important pregnancy indicator strongly associated with infant, child, and later adult life health. Previous studies have found that second-born babies are, on average, heavier than first-born babies, indicating an independent effect of parity on birthweight. Existing data are mostly based on singleton pregnancies and do not consider higher order pregnancies.

Pregnancy complications in last pregnancy and mothers' long-term cardiovascular mortality: does the relation differ from that of complications in first pregnancy? A population-based study.

Background: Women who experience complications in first pregnancy are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) later in life. Little corresponding knowledge is available for complications in later pregnancies. Therefore, we assessed complications (preeclampsia, preterm birth, and offspring small for gestational age) in first and last pregnancies and the risk of long-term maternal CVD death, taking women´s complete reproduction into account.

Birth Weight in Consecutive Pregnancies and Maternal Cardiovascular Disease Mortality Among Spontaneous and Iatrogenic Term Births: A Population-Based Cohort Study.

Knowledge on the association between offspring birth weight and long-term risk of maternal cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality is often based on firstborn infants without consideration of women's consecutive births. We studied long-term CVD mortality according to offspring birth weight patterns among women with spontaneous and iatrogenic term deliveries in Norway (1967-2020). We constructed birth weight quartiles (Qs) by combining standardized birth weight with gestational age in quartiles (Q1, Q2/Q3, and Q4) for the women's first 2 births.

Long-term cardiovascular mortality in women with twin pregnancies by lifetime reproductive history.

Background: Women with one lifetime singleton pregnancy have increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality compared with women who continue reproduction particularly if the pregnancy had complications. Women with twins have higher risk of pregnancy complications, but CVD mortality risk in women with twin pregnancies has not been fully described.

Objectives: We estimated risk of long-term CVD mortality in women with naturally conceived twins compared to women with singleton pregnancies, accounting for lifetime number of pregnancies and pregnancy complications.

Cesarean delivery in Norwegian nulliparous women with singleton cephalic term births, 1967-2020: a population-based study.

Background: Nulliparous women contribute to increasing cesarean delivery in the Nordic countries and advanced maternal age has been suggested as responsible for rise in cesarean delivery rates in many developed countries. The aim was to describe changes in cesarean delivery rates among nulliparous women with singleton, cephalic, term births by change in sociodemographic factors across 50 years in Norway.

Methods: We used data from the Medical Birth Registry of Norway and included 1 067 356 women delivering their first, singleton, cephalic, term birth between 1967 and 2020.

Quantitative User Data From a Chatbot Developed for Women With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Observational Study.

Background: The rising prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) calls for the use of innovative methods to inform and empower these pregnant women. An information chatbot, Dina, was developed for women with GDM and is Norway's first health chatbot, integrated into the national digital health platform.

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate what kind of information users seek in a health chatbot providing support on GDM.

Gestational diabetes mellitus by maternal country of birth and length of residence in immigrant women in Norway.

Aims: Immigrant women are at higher risk for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) than non-immigrant women. This study described the prevalence of GDM in immigrant women by maternal country of birth and examined the associations between immigrants' length of residence in Norway and GDM.

Methods: This Norwegian national population-based study included 192,892 pregnancies to immigrant and 1,116,954 pregnancies to non-immigrant women giving birth during the period 1990-2013.