Neck muscle training improving the setup of reproducibility in patient with head and neck cancer receiving radiotherapy - a prospective randomized controlled study.

Background And Purpose: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a cervical muscle training intervention in decreasing setup errors in patients head and neck cancer (HNC) undergoing radiotherapy (RT).

Materials And Methods: HNC patients opting for RT at our center. The patients were randomly allocated to either the muscle training group or the control group in a 1:1 ratio.

The dewatering performance of streptomycin mycelial residue promoted by the Fenton process synergistic with biochar.

In this study, the performance and mechanism of streptomycin mycelial residue (SMR) dewatered by the Fenton process coupled with biochar was investigated. The optimal dosages of Fe, HO, and biochar were determined based on the response surface method (RSM), and the corresponding prediction equation was proposed. The walnut shell biochar prepared at 300 °C (WS300) exhibited the best dewatering performance due to its rough surface and large pore size.

Anti-α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor 2 encephalitis with olfactory hallucination: a case report and literature review.

Anti-α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor encephalitis is a rare autoimmune disease divided into two subtypes, anti-AMPAR1 encephalitis and anti-AMPAR2 encephalitis, depending on the presence of autoantibodies targeting the GluR1 and GluR2 subunits of the AMPA receptor. The main manifestations are limbic encephalitis, including cognitive impairment, seizures, and psychiatric symptoms. The reported cases of anti-AMPAR encephalitis have grown; however, no research has yet described the clinical characteristics of each subtype.

DAPK3 is Essential for DBP-Induced Autophagy of Mouse Leydig Cells.

Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) has been widely used in the manufacture of various daily and industrial products. As one of the most important endocrine disruptors, DBP has male reproductive toxicity and can lead to testicular dysfunction. In view of the fact that Leydig cells are important functional and structural units in the testis, their damage will affect testicular function.

Chemical pollution drives taxonomic and functional shifts in marine sediment microbiome, influencing benthic metazoans.

Microbial communities in marine sediments contribute significantly to the overall health and resiliency of marine ecosystems. However, increased human disturbance undermines biodiversity and, hence, natural functionality provided by marine sediments. Here, through a deep shotgun metagenomics sequencing of the sediment microbiome and COI metabarcoding of benthic metazoans, we demonstrate that >50% of the microorganisms' and metazoan's taxonomic variation can be explained by specific chemical pollution indices.

Functional modification and antibacterial evaluation of orthodontic adhesives with poly (lysine)-derived carbon dots.

Fixed appliances used in orthodontic treatment make oral hygiene difficult to maintain, leading to bacterial adhesion around brackets and consequently resulting in white spot lesions (WSLs). After the bracket debonding, the residual adhesive is difficult to remove precisely due to its appearance similar to tooth enamel. In this study, we successfully synthesized small-sized and highly active PL-CDs by one-pot pyrolysis using ε-poly-l-lysine as a precursor.

Autophagy-Activating Nanoautophagosome-Tethering Compounds for Targeted Protein Degradation Specifically in Tumor Cells.

Autophagosome-tethering compounds (ATTECs) represent an emerging targeted protein degradation (TPD) technology that directly draws intracellular proteins of interest (POIs) into autolysosomes. Although ATTECs are currently dominated by small molecules, the poor cell-type specificity and pharmacokinetic profile limit their applications in certain diseases. Moreover, the suboptimal intrinsic autophagic activity of cells affects the ATTECs-mediated degradation capability.

SPA: effectively controlling for sample relatedness in large-scale genome-wide association studies of longitudinal traits.

Sample relatedness is a major confounder in genome-wide association studies (GWAS), potentially leading to inflated type I error rates if not appropriately controlled. A common strategy is to incorporate a random effect related to genetic relatedness matrix (GRM) into regression models. However, this approach is challenging for large-scale GWAS of complex traits, such as longitudinal traits.

GTPase GPN3 facilitates cell proliferation and migration in non-small cell lung cancer by impeding clathrin-mediated endocytosis of EGFR.

Small GTPases play a critical role as regulatory molecules in signaling transduction and various cellular processes, contributing to the development of human diseases, including cancers. GPN3, an evolutionarily conserved member of the GPN-loop GTPase subfamily classified in 2007 according to its structure, has limited knowledge regarding its cellular functions and molecular mechanisms. In this study, we demonstrate that GPN3 interacts with clathrin light chain A (CLTA), a vesicle coat protein, as well as clathrin-mediated endocytosis associated modulators AP2B1 and AP2S1.

Biological modification and industrial applications of microbial lipases: A general review.

With the rapid development of industrialization and modern science, lipase has garnered pervasive attention. Lipases (EC 3.1.

Corneal nerve abnormalities in early-stage diabetic retinopathy evaluated by corneal confocal microscopy.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the correlation between the development of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and the changes in corneal sub-basal nerve plexus (SNP) and corneal dendritic cells (DCs).

Methods: 58 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and 30 age- and sex-matched healthy participants underwent assessment of the corneal nerve. The DR group was divided into no diabetic retinopathy (NDR) and 29 eyes with mild to moderate non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR).

Modular access to saturated bioisosteres of anilines via photoelectrochemical decarboxylative C(sp)-N coupling.

In drug development, the substitution of benzene rings in aniline-based drug candidates with saturated bridged bicyclic ring systems often enhances pharmacokinetic properties while preserving biological activity. However, current efforts predominantly focuses on bicyclo[1.1.

Characterization and comparative analysis of volatile organic compounds in four aromatic wild strawberry species using HS-SPME-GC-MS.

Strawberries are valued for their aroma, which is mainly determined by volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Wild strawberries, with broader and more intense VOC profiles, are especially important in breeding programs. Using HS-SPME-GC-MS, 126 VOCs were identified in the ripe fruit of 22 cultivars from four wild strawberry species.

A novel composite hydrogel matrix carrier guar gum@2-oxopropanoic acid sodium salt@konjac glucomannan for sensitive response to active mold and yeast.

The synergistic effect of natural guar gum (GG), konjac gum (KGM) and sodium 2-oxopropanoic acid sodium (2-OAS) to designed a novel physical cross-linked three-dimensional network structure GG@2-OAS@KGM as a carrier of active microorganisms for mold and yeast sensitive detection. At the ratio of 6:2:2 (w/w/w), GG@2-OAS@KGM possessed a uniform porous structure. After treatment for 120 h, the hydrogel exhibits higher water holding capacity (WHC, 71.

Copper-Catalyzed Oxidative Arylation and Hydroxylation of Indolin-2-ones for Direct Construction of Tetrasubstituted Carbon Centers.

This study introduces a novel methodology for the direct construction of tetrasubstituted centers, utilizing secondary C(sp)-H and C(sp)-H substrates, specifically indolin-2-ones and indoles, through an innovative oxidative cross-coupling reaction. Facilitated by a straightforward copper salt catalyst, this reaction proceeds efficiently at a mild temperature of 40 °C under operationally streamlined conditions. Emphasizing sustainability, this method is notably enhanced by employing air (molecular oxygen) as an eco-friendly oxidant.

Multilingual SEIR public opinion propagation model with social enhancement mechanism and cross transmission mechanisms.

The propagation of public opinion in multilingual environments presents unique challenges due to the diversity of languages, cultures, and values. This study develops an SEIR-based model tailored for multilingual contexts, incorporating mechanisms such as social enhancement, forgetting, and cross-transmission. The model's purpose is to improve transparency, inclusivity, and effectiveness in public opinion management, particularly in diverse linguistic settings.

Case report: A diabetic patient with cryptococcal meningoencephalitis complicated by post-infectious inflammatory response syndrome.

We report on a previously non-HIV-diagnosed, 47-year-old male diagnosed with diabetes mellitus (DM) and cryptococcal meningoencephalitis, who was referred to our institution for antifungal treatment. During the course of treatment, due to the development of refractory intracranial hypertension, Ommaya reservoirs were employed for cranial pressure reduction. The patient gradually recovered during subsequent antifungal therapy; however, symptoms worsened in the third month of treatment, leading to consideration of post-infectious inflammatory response syndrome (PIIRS) on examination.

GABARAPL1 is essential for ACR-induced autophagic cell death of mouse Leydig cells.

Acrylamide (ACR), a chemical extensively utilized in industry and food processing sectors, has been recognized for its potentially irreversible adverse effect on male reproductive system; however, the underlying mechanism remains elusive. Our study reveals that ACR markedly triggers oxidative stress-mediated autophagy and upregulates the expression of GABAA-receptor-associated protein like-1 (GABARAPL1). Intriguingly, overexpression of GABARAPL1 significantly induces autophagy, while its knockdown alleviates ACR-induced autophagic responses, underscoring its pivotal function.

A transcriptomic analysis of dental pulp stem cell senescence in vitro.

Background/purpose: The use of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) as autologous stem cells for tissue repair and regenerative techniques is a significant area of global research. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of long-term in vitro culture on the multidifferentiation potential of hDPSCs and the potential molecular mechanisms involved.

Materials And Methods: The tissue block method was used to extract hDPSCs from orthodontic-minus-extraction patients, which were then expanded and cultured in vitro for 12 generations.

Interleukin-5: an indicator of mild cognitive impairment in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus - a comprehensive investigation ranging from bioinformatics analysis to clinical research.

Purpose: Neuroinflammation constitutes an underlying mechanism for cognitive impairment. Here, we endeavor to scrutinize the potential contribution of interleukin-5 (IL-5) towards mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and to assess its diagnostic value for MCI in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: RNA-seq was used to explore the potential neuroinflammation factors in the hippocampus of diabetic mice with cognitive decline.

Facile access to -aryl/alkyl dithiocarbamates a three-component reaction under metal-free conditions.

The development of facile and convenient atom-economical methods for the preparation of organosulfur compounds from CS is a challenging endeavor. Herein, a one-pot, environmentally friendly method to access -aryl/alkyl dithiocarbamates has been demonstrated by a three-component coupling involving aryl/alkyl thiols, CS and amines in the presence of a common base KCO. The transformation process can proceed in an HO-DMAc (3 : 1) mixed solvent without requiring any catalysts or extensive prefunctionalization of reactants.

Development of Prone Position Ventilation Device and Study on the Application Effect of Combined Life Support Technology in Critically Ill Patients.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate a novel prone position ventilation device designed to enhance patient safety, improve comfort, and reduce adverse events, facilitating prolonged tolerance in critically ill patients.

Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted on 60 critically ill patients from January 2020 to June 2023. Of which, one self-discharged during treatment and another was terminated due to decreased oxygenation, leaving an effective sample of 58 patients.

Linear polyubiquitylation of Gli protein regulates its protein stability and facilitates tumor growth in colorectal cancer.

The linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex (LUBAC) mediates the linear ubiquitination of various proteins and is involved in NF-κB signaling and immune regulation. However, the function and mechanism of linear ubiquitination in regulating oncogenic signaling and tumor growth have remained poorly understood. Herein, we identified Gli proteins, key transcription factors in the Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway, as novel substrates of LUBAC.