Utility of the NLR and the ratio of NLR after and before adverse events for differential diagnosis of irAEs and bacterial infections in cancer patients treated with PD-(L)1 inhibitors.

Differential diagnosis of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) or bacterial infections is sometimes very difficulty in cancer patients undergoing treatment with PD-(L)1 inhibitors. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in distinguishing between irAEs and bacterial infections in cancer patients receiving PD-(L)1 inhibitors. We conducted a retrospective analysis of cancer patients who received at least one dose of PD-(L)1 inhibitors at Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University from 2018 to 2023.

Estimating the Number of Primary vs Incidental COVID-19 Hospitalizations in Santa Clara County.

Background: The goal of this study was to evaluate whether International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10), discharge data can be used to accurately differentiate primary coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) hospitalizations, which are specifically due to COVID-19, from incidental COVID-19 hospitalizations for monitoring COVID-19 trends in a large county health department. We sought to explore the use of machine learning algorithms for enhancing surveillance capabilities in a local public health setting.

Methods: Discharge data for 5122 Santa Clara County hospitalizations with a positive severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 polymerase chain reaction or antigen test occurring between December 15, 2021, and August 15, 2022, were used to train a series of models for classifying primary COVID-19 hospitalizations using chart review as a gold standard.

Comparison of [Ga]Ga-Fibroblast Activation Protein Inhibitor-04 and [F]FDG PET Imaging for Solitary Fibrous Tumor and Preliminary Application of FAP-Targeted Radiopharmaceutical Therapy.

Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is a rare sarcoma of mesenchymal origin. Although generally benign, SFTs carry the risk of recurrence and metastasis, with limited effective treatment options. The aims of this study are to compare the performance of fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI), [Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 (denoted as [Ga]Ga-FAPI-04), and conventional [F]FDG PET/CT in patients with recurrent or metastatic SFTs head to head and to preliminarily explore the value of FAP-targeted radiopharmaceutical therapy with Lu for SFT patients.

Schizophrenia Treatment Based on Sustained Release of Risperidone from Poly(lactic--glycolic) Acid Implantable Microarray Patch.

Schizophrenia is one of the most severe mental disorders, affecting approximately 24 million people worldwide. Conventional treatments, such as drug-loaded implants and intramuscular injections, have several limitations, including pain during administration and the need for medical professionals to perform the procedure. In this study, a poly(lactic--glycolic) acid (PLGA)-based implantable microneedle patch (IMN) was developed for the transdermal delivery of risperidone (RIS) as a treatment for schizophrenia.

Precise Tuning of Functional Group Spatial Distribution on Porphyrin Rings for Enhanced CO2 Electroreduction Selectivity.

Molecular catalysts play a critical role in regulating the selectivity of electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR), yet the understanding of ligand function is largely restricted to modulating the electronic structure of the metal and reaction kinetics. Herein, a hydroxyl (-OH) ligand is introduced into a sterically hindered amino-porphyrin (o-TAPP) to synthesize the atropisomers porphyrin- salicylimine-Cu (o-Cu-Por-Sa) with hydrogen-bonding interactions (O-H···O), enabling efficient selection of CO and CH4 under dual effects. Detailed analysis shows that the -OH of o-Cu-Por-Sa (αβαβ) forms a noncovalent hydrogen bond with carbonate, characterized by a bond length of 2.

Strategy for Enhancing Wheat Drying Efficiency and Flour Quality: Hybridization of Tempering and Hot Air Drying.

The moderate processing of wheat is increasingly valued. One of the technological means to achieve moderate processing is the hybridization of tempering and hot air drying for postharvest wheat. The initial moisture content at onset of tempering (IMCOT) of wheat significantly influences the efficiency of hot air drying as well as the yield and quality of wheat flour.

Clinical Application of 68Ga-Pentixafor PET/CT for the Detection of Thymoma: A Pilot Study.

Purpose: This study was designed to evaluate 68Ga-pentixafor, which targets C-X-C chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4), in the noninvasive diagnosis of thymomas.

Patients And Methods: With institutional review board approval and signed informed consent, 32 patients with thymic masses were enrolled in this study, and all patients underwent 68Ga-pentixafor PET/CT scans.

Results: Among the 28 patients included in the analysis, 13 patients were diagnosed with thymomas, 9 patients with cysts, and 6 patients with other anterior mediastinal masses.

Metformin combined with CB-839 specifically inhibits KRAS-mutant ovarian cancer.

KRAS mutations can cause metabolic reprogramming in ovarian cancer, leading to an increased metastatic capacity. This study investigated the metabolic reprogramming changes induced by KRAS mutations in ovarian cancer and the mechanism of action of metformin combined with a glutaminase 1 inhibitor (CB-839). KRAS-mutant ovarian cancer accounted for 14% of ovarian cancers.

Dynamic Deprotonation Enhancement Triggered by Accelerated Electrochemical Delithiation Reconstruction during Acidic Water Oxidation.

The structure-dependent transition in reaction pathways during acidic oxygen evolution (OER) is pivotal due to the active site oxidation accompanied by the coordination environment changes. In this work, charge-polarized Ir-O-Co units are constructed in alkali metal cobalt oxides (LiCoO, and NaCoO) to modify the lower Hubbard band. Benefiting from the accelerated delithiation reconstruction induced by the altered band structure, typical Ir-LiCoO produces high-valent Ir sites with unsaturated coordination through the charge compensation during OER.

[Phosphorus Removal from Constructed Wetlands： Efficiency, Limitations, and Intensification Measures].

Excessive phosphorus can easily lead to the eutrophication of water bodies and affect the growth of aquatic plants and animals； therefore, it is particularly important to pay attention to and control phosphorus in sewage. Constructed wetlands have become a green and economical way to remove phosphorus from sewage. The research status of phosphorus removal in constructed wetland systems in recent years was summarized here, including the removal mechanism, influencing factors, and strengthening measures.

A Smart MMP-9-responsive Hydrogel Releasing M2 Macrophage-derived Exosomes for Diabetic Wound Healing.

Chronic diabetic wounds are characterized by prolonged inflammation and excessive accumulation of M1 macrophages, which impede the healing process. Therefore, resolving inflammation promptly and transitioning to the proliferative phase are critical steps for effective diabetic wound healing. Exosomes have emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy.

Responses of radial growth of different tree species to abrupt temperature change in the northern Greater Khingan Mountains, China.

We constructed standardized chronologies of tree-ring width of and var. , the main tree species in the Mangui region of the northern Greater Khingan Mountains based on dendrochronology methods, we explored the responses of radial growth of the two species to climate change. The results showed that the radial growth of was mainly limited by temperature, which was significantly negatively related to mean temperature in October of the last year and that in March and May-August of the present year.

Clinical efficacy and safety study of vNOTES for benign ovarian tumors in obese patients.

To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of transvaginal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (vNOTES) for treating benign ovarian tumors in obese patients. A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 35 obese patients who underwent vNOTES for benign ovarian tumor resection and 41 obese patients who underwent multi-port laparoscopic surgery (MPLS) during the same period from January 2021 to June 2024 at Qinghai Red Cross Hospital. Key parameters such as operative time, intraoperative blood loss, intraoperative and postoperative complications, hospitalization duration, postoperative anal exhaust time, postoperative visual analog scale (VAS) score, and SF-36 score were analyzed.

IL-38 attenuates renal ischemia/reperfusion injury through suppressing inflammation in mice.

Inflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of renal ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI). Interleukin-38 (IL-38) is an emerging cytokine with multiple functions involved in infection and immunity. The present study aimed to determine whether IL-38 attenuates renal IR injury in an animal model and to identify the underlying mechanisms.

Protocol for the quantitative detection of mtDNA in the supernatants of activated human naive CD8 T cells.

Here, we present a protocol for the quantitative characterization of human T cell aging. We describe steps for sample collection; peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) isolation; and the enrichment, assessment, and activation of naive CD8 T cells. We then detail procedures for supernatant collection and quantification using the absolute copy number of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) released into the supernatants from in-vitro-activated naive CD8 T cells.

Prediction of tuberculosis-specific mortality for older adult patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.

Background: This study aims to identify risk factors associated with tuberculosis-specific mortality (TSM) in older adult patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) and to develop a competing risk nomogram for TSM prediction.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study and randomly selected 528 older adult pulmonary TB patients hospitalized in designated hospitals in Henan Province between January 2015 and December 2020. The cumulative incidence function (CIF) was calculated for both TSM and non-tuberculosis-specific mortality (non-TSM).

Identification of Gingival Inflammation Surface Image Features Using Intraoral Scanning and Deep Learning.

Introduction And Aim: The assessment of gingival inflammation surface features mainly depends on subjective judgment and lacks quantifiable and reproducible indicators. Therefore, it is a need to acquire objective identification information for accurate monitoring and diagnosis of gingival inflammation. This study aims to develop an automated method combining intraoral scanning (IOS) and deep learning algorithms to identify the surface features of gingival inflammation and evaluate its accuracy and correlation with clinical indicators.

DNA Methylation and Transcriptome Profiling Reveal the Role of the Antioxidant Pathway and Lipid Metabolism in Skin Color Formation.

Leopard coral grouper (), possessing a distinct red body color, is an important species in commercial markets; however, the high ratio of black individuals under intensive cultivation has limited the commercial value of the species. To dissect the regulatory mechanisms underlying the red skin trait in , gene expression and DNA methylation modifications were compared between red and black skin tissues after astaxanthin treatment. Astaxanthin effectively increased the redness value a* and body weight.

Strategy for enhancing Cistanche deserticola drying efficiency and quality based on novel freeze-infrared hybrid drying: moisture transition points control.

Background: Fresh Cistanche deserticola, a valuable medicinal and dietary ingredient with exceptional functional properties, exhibits a high moisture content and is susceptible to deterioration due to its high moisture content. Therefore, it is imperative to identify an appropriate dehydration method. This study primarily focuses on enhancing the efficiency and quality of dried C.

Quality deterioration mechanism of freeze-thawed sweet potato oat dough: In terms of ice crystals and protein changes.

Sweet potato-oat composite dough is a nutritious, functional dough with promising market potential. This study investigates its quality changes during freeze-thaw cycles from the perspectives of ice crystals and protein alterations to provide theoretical support for its processing and production. After freeze-thaw cycles, both the storage modulus and loss modulus of the dough decrease, resulting in increased hardness, reduced resilience and chewiness, lower sensory scores, decreased specific volume, and darker color.

Manipulating Charge Distribution at Organic-inorganic Interface via Optimizing Substituents for Sustainable Water Electrolysis.

The space charge effect induced by high-quality heterojunctions is essential for efficient electrocatalytic processes. Herein, we delicately manipulate intermolecular charge transfer by modifying substituents (-g=-CH, -H, -NO) with various electron donating/withdrawing capabilities in CoPc-g/CoS organic-inorganic heterostructures. CoPc-CH, as a typical electron donor, transfers more electrons to CoS due to the presence of -CH, forming the strongest space electric field and thus regulating the dual active sites at the interface.

Reservoir-Type Subcutaneous Implantable Devices Containing Porous Rate Controlling Membranes for Sustained Delivery of Risperidone.

Implantable drug delivery systems are crucial for achieving sustained delivery of active compounds to specific sites or systemic circulation. In this study, a novel reservoir-type implant combining a biodegradable rate-controlling membrane with a drug-containing core prepared using direct compression techniques is developed. The membrane is composed of poly(caprolactone) (PCL), and risperidone (RIS) served as the model drug.

Thyroid hormones in systemic lupus erythematosus: The catalyst for disease progression?

Objective: The study aimed to investigate the impact of varying thyroid function statuses on clinical and laboratory indicators in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 258 patients with SLE, who were stratified according to thyroid function, renal involvement, and disease activity. The predictive value of thyroid hormones was evaluated using a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.