Changes in the Gut Microbiota of Rats in High-Altitude Hypoxic Environments.

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of high-altitude hypoxic environments on the gut microbiota. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups, namely, the plain, moderate-altitude hypoxic, and high-altitude hypoxic groups. On the 3rd, 7th, 15th, and 30th days of exposure, fecal samples were collected and analyzed via 16S rRNA gene sequencing technology.

Regulation of CYP450 and drug transporter mediated by gut microbiota under high-altitude hypoxia.

Hypoxia, an essential feature of high-altitude environments, has a significant effect on drug metabolism. The hypoxia-gut microbiota-CYP450/drug transporter axis is emerging as a vital factor in drug metabolism. However, the mechanisms through which the gut microbiota mediates the regulation of CYP450/drug transporters under high-altitude hypoxia have not been well defined.

Exposure to High-Altitude Environment Is Associated with Drug Transporters Change: microRNA-873-5p-Mediated Alteration of Function and Expression Levels of Drug Transporters under Hypoxia.

Hypoxia is the main characteristic of a high-altitude environment, affecting drug metabolism. However, so far, the mechanism of microRNA (miRNA) involved in the regulation of drug metabolism and transporters under high-altitude hypoxia is still unclear. This study aims to investigate the functions and expression levels of multidrug resistance protein 1 (MDR1), multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (MRP2), breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP), peptide transport 1 (PEPT1), and organic anion-transporting polypeptides 2B1 (OATP2B1) in rats and colon cancer (Caco-2) cells after exposure to high-altitude hypoxia.