Igniting tumour microenvironment in triple-negative breast cancer using a mannose/hyaluronic acid dual-coated Ganoderma polysaccharide-superparamagnetic iron oxide nanocomplex for combinational therapies.

Eliciting tumour microenvironment (TME) activation in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is crucial for effective anti-tumour therapies. The aim of this study is to employ pharmaceutical approaches to precisely deliver Ganoderma polysaccharide (GPS) to tumour sites, thereby enhancing TME activation. We first established a direct link between the accumulation of GPS within tumours and its efficacy in the TME activation.

Unveiling the protective role of sevoflurane in video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery associated-acute lung injury: Inhibition of ferroptosis.

Acute lung injury (ALI) frequently occurs after video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS). Ferroptosis is implicated in several lung diseases. Therefore, the disparate effects and underlying mechanisms of the two commonly used anesthetics (sevoflurane (Sev) and propofol) on VATS-induced ALI need to be clarified.

Effects of sevoflurane on left ventricular function by speckle-tracking echocardiography in coronary bypass patients: A randomized trial.

The present study aimed to dynamically observe the segmental and global myocardial movements of the left ventricle during coronary artery bypass grafting by transesophageal speckle-tracking echocardiography, and to assess the effect of sevoflurane on cardiac function. Sixty-four patients scheduled for the off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting were randomly divided into a sevoflurane-based anesthesia (AS) group and a propofol-based total intravenous anesthesia (AA) group. The AS group demonstrated a higher absolute value of left ventricular global longitudinal strain than that of the AA group at both T (after harvesting all grafts and before coronary anastomosis) and T (30 min after completing all coronary anastomoses) ( < 0.

Role of ferroptosis in effects of anesthetics on multiple organ diseases: A literature review.

Anesthesiologists are often faced with patients combined with a series of organ injuries, such as acute lung injury, myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, and neurodegenerative diseases. With the in-depth study of these diseases, we are more aware of the choice and rational use of anesthetics for the prognosis of these patients. Ferroptosis is a new type of programmed cell death.

Structural properties of Phoenix oolong tea polysaccharide conjugates and the interfacial stability in nanoemulsions.

Background: Tea polysaccharide conjugate (TPC) is a naturally occurring active substance that is extracted from tea. Owing to its benefits in enhancing human immunity and antioxidant effects, TPC is widely used in culinary products. The binding mode of polysaccharides and proteins in TPC, however, has not been well studied; it may be closely related to their functional properties, especially emulsification.

Identification of the popliteal sciatic nerve through the above-knee lateral approach provides superior echogenicity and ultrasound visibility: a patient volunteer trial.

Background: Distinguishing light-echoed nerves from surrounding structures is challenging but may be important in nerve block administration. We evaluated the effect of patient characteristics on the echogenicity or visibility of the popliteal sciatic nerve (PSN).

Methods: This study included adult patients who presented to the operating room as volunteers.

Assessing ultrasound-guided axillary vein cannulation using a cumulative sum analysis: A single operator experience.

Background: Ultrasound-guided axillary vein (AxV) cannulation has been described as an effective alternative to internal jugular vein cannulation in adult cardiac surgical patients. However, the learning curve for this technique has not yet been addressed. This study aimed to determine the number of cases required to achieve proficiency in performing AxV cannulation among novice anesthesiologists.

Efficacy and safety of ultrasound-guided above-knee lateral approach for popliteal sciatic nerve block in surgeries below the knee: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Ultrasound guidance has become a standard method for detection of nerve structures in regional anesthesia. During ultrasound-guided blockade, to identify anatomical structures is crucial but can be challenging. In clinical practice, we find a wide difference in the visibility score of the sciatic nerve (SN) through different approaches.

A novel balanced anesthesia shortens time to emergence in patients undergoing modified radical mastectomy: a randomized prospective trial.

Background: In balanced anesthesia, protocol during the last 30 min is very important to guarantee rapid emergence and smooth extubation. In clinical practice, sevoflurane and propofol are often used in combination to achieve a better anesthetic effect and less adverse reaction. Approximately 30 min before surgical completion, sevoflurane inhalation is often discontinued and propofol is adjusted to keep sufficient depth of anesthesia.

Activation of PI3K/Akt/HIF-1α Signaling is Involved in Lung Protection of Dexmedetomidine in Patients Undergoing Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery: A Pilot Study.

Background: Lung resection and one lung ventilation (OLV) during video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) may lead to acute lung injury. Dexmedetomidine (DEX), a highly selective α adrenergic receptor agonist, improves arterial oxygenation in adult patients undergoing thoracic surgery. The aim of this pilot study was to explore possible mechanism related to lung protection of DEX in patients undergoing VATS.

Remifentanil injected during analepsia shortens length of postanesthesia care unit stay in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery for endometrial cancer: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: To guarantee efficient operating room (OR) activity, tracheal extubation is often performed in the postanesthesia care unit (PACU). Therefore, the ability of PACU to accommodate postoperative patients is crucial. Optimizing extubation management may speed up the turnover of PACU beds.

A multicomponent-based microemulsion for boosting ovarian cancer therapy through dual modification with transferrin and SA-RH.

Balancing the antitumor activity and systemic toxicity of tripterine still faces a big challenge due to the narrow therapeutic window. To address this issue, we report a microemulsion system based on tripterine, brucea oil, and glycyrrhizin, and dual modified with both transferrin and cell-penetrating peptide SA-RH (Tf/SA-RH-TBG-MEs) for combinational and tumor-targeted cancer therapy. Such a microemulsion exhibited a spherical shape with a size of ~50 nm and a mildly-negative charge.

Ultrasound-microbubbles-mediated microRNA-449a inhibits lung cancer cell growth via the regulation of Notch1.

Background: The application of gene-loaded microbubbles (MBs) combined with ultrasound that results in increased delivery efficiency may be an excellent method of gene delivery. This study aimed to discuss the effects of ultrasound-MB-mediated microRNA (miR)-449a on lung cancer (LC) development by targeting Notch1.

Methods: Initially, miR-449a expression in LC tissues, paracancerous tissues, LC cell lines, and lung epithelial cells was detected and its association with LC patients' clinical characteristics was analyzed.

Difficulty in tracheal extubation followed by tracheal collapse after balloon dilatation for tracheal stenosis therapy: A case report.

Rationale: Tracheobronchomalacia (TBM) refers to the weakening trachea or the trachea loss of structural integrity of airway cartilaginous structures. It causes tracheal stenosis, resulting in significantly high rates of mortality. Bronchoplasty by high-pressure balloon dilation under general anesthesia is a simple but effective and safe method to treat tracheobronchial stenosis.

Respective roles of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family members in pancreatic stellate cell activation induced by transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1).

Activated pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) play a crucial role in the progression of pancreatic fibrosis. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is one of the strongest stimulator inducing fibrosis. The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) proteins (including ERK, JNK and p38 MAPK) are known to contribute to PSC activation and pancreatic fibrosis.

Dachaihu decoction ameliorates pancreatic fibrosis by inhibiting macrophage infiltration in chronic pancreatitis.

Aim: To explore the role of macrophages in chronic pancreatitis (CP) and the effect of Dachaihu decoction (DCHD) on pancreatic fibrosis in mice.

Methods: KunMing mice were randomly divided into a control group, CP group, and DCHD group. In the CP and DCHD groups, mice were intraperitoneally injected with 20% L-arginine (3 g/kg twice 1 d/wk for 6 wk).

Pathophysiology of chronic pancreatitis induced by dibutyltin dichloride joint ethanol in mice.

Aim: To search for a new chronic pancreatitis model in mice suitable for investigating the pathophysiological processes leading to pancreatic fibrosis.

Methods: The mice were randomly divided into 2 groups (n = 50), control group and model group. The mice in model group were given ethanol (10%) in drinking water after injection of dibutyltin dichloride (DBTC) (8 mg/kg BW) in tail vein.

Three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy in combination with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) in combination with three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) in the treatment for locally advanced unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods: From March 2000 to March 2009 a total of 158 patients with unresectable HCC treated and followed at our hospital were divided into TACE group (N=80) and TACE combined with 3D-CRT group (N=78). The TACE group was treated 3-6 times.

Phase II clinical study on the GEMOX regimen as second- line therapy for advanced ovarian cancer.

Aim: To investigate the effectiveness and adverse effects of gemcitabine by fixed-dose rate infusion plus oxaliplatin (GEMOX regimen) as second-line therapy for advanced ovarian cancer.

Methods: 64 patients with advanced ovarian cancer were divided into an experimental group (44 cases) and a control group (20 cases). The experimental group was treated with continuous intravenous infusion of gemcitabine at 1000 mg/m(2) with a fixed-dose rate of 10 mg/m(2)/min, on days 1 and 8 and oxaliplatin at 100 mg/m(2) on day 1, IVGTT, repeated every 3 weeks.

Effects of monoclonal antibodies against human stathmin combined with paclitaxel on proliferation of the QG-56 human lung carcinoma cell line.

Objective: To explore whether monoclonal antibodies against stathmin and the chemotherapuetic agent paclitaxel have synergenic effects in inhibiting growth and inducing apoptosis in human QG-56 cells.

Methods: QG-56 cells were treated with monoclonal antibodies against stathmin or paclitaxel alone or in combination, with untreated cells used as controls. After 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours the cell growth condition was observed under an inverted microscope and inhibition was studied by MTT assay; apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry.

Expression of β-tubulin III and survivin in advance stage breast cancer correlates with chemotherapeutic effects of docetaxel.

Aims: To investigate the relationship between the expression of β-tubulin III and survivin in advanced breast cancers and chemotherapeutic effects of docetaxel.

Methods: Clinical pathological data of 74 patients with advanced breast cancer were retrospectively analyzed after docetaxel chemotherapy. Expression of β-tubulin III and survivin was assessed by immunohistochemistry and analyzed with reference to therapeutical and adverse effects of docetaxel.