Real-time analgesic efficacy and factors determining drug requirements of combined spinal-epidural analgesia for labor: a prospective cohort study.

Purpose: Combined spinal-epidural analgesia (CSEA) is effective but not sufficient for labor pain. This study was conducted to assess the real-time analgesic efficacy, side effects of anesthetic drug dosage, and maternal satisfaction in labor to provide reference for the optimization of labor analgesia.

Methods: This was a prospective, cohort, single-center study that included 3020 women who received CSEA for labor analgesia.

Risk factors analysis and multidisciplinary team first-aid simulation training for umbilical cord prolapse can improve neonatal outcomes.

Objective: In the present study, we sought to identify risk factors for umbilical cord prolapse (UCP) and adapt the multidisciplinary team (MDT) first-aid simulation training for UCP patients. We evaluated the usefulness of the MDT first-aid simulation by comparing delivery outcomes for UCP patients before and after its implementation.

Material And Methods: A retrospective review was conducted on 149 UCP cases (48 overt and 101 occult) and 298 control deliveries that occurred at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from January 1998 to December 2022.