Comparative study of a microdosimetric biological weighting function for RBEmodeling in particle therapy with a solid state SOI microdosimeter.

The recently developed V79-RBEbiological weighting function (BWF) model is a simple and robust tool for a fast relative biological effectiveness (RBE) assessment for comparing different exposure conditions in particle therapy. In this study, the RBEderived by this model (through the Particle and Heavy Ion Transport code System (PHITS) simulated d(y) spectra) is compared with values of RBEusing experimentally derived d(y) spectra from a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) microdosimeter. Approach: Experimentally measured d(y) spectra are used to calculate an RBEvalue utilizing the V79-RBEBWF model as well as the modified microdosimetric kinetic model (MKM) to produce an RBE-vs-ytrend for a wide range of ions.

Verification of linear energy transfer optimized carbon-ion radiotherapy.

Linear energy transfer (LET) verification was conducted using a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) microdosimeter during the commissioning of LET-optimized carbon-ion radiotherapy (CIRT). This advanced treatment technique is expected to improve local control rates, especially in hypoxic tumors.An SOI microdosimeter with a cylindrical sensitive volume of 30m diameter and 5m thickness was used.

Cannula-Associated Deep Vein Thrombosis Following Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Decannulation: Incidence and Risk Factors.

Thrombotic complications during and after extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) are commonly observed clinically. The incidences of cannula-associated deep vein thrombosis (CaDVT) post-ECMO support have predominantly focused on Caucasian demographics. This study aims to determine the incidence and risk factors for CaDVT in Vietnamese patients following ECMO decannulation.

Anti- potential of compounds from sp.: A comprehensive molecular docking and simulation approaches.

In this study, a series of secondary metabolites from Ganoderma sp. were screened against protein targets, including as phosphotransacetylase, clumping factor A, and dihydrofolate reductase, using molecular docking simulations. The chemicals that showed the strongest binding energy with the targeted proteins were ganodermanontriol, lucidumol B, ganoderic acid J, ergosterol, ergosterol peroxide, 7-oxoganoderic acid Z, ganoderic acid AM1, ganosinoside A, ganoderic acid D, and 24-ergosta-7,2-diene-3,5,6-triol.

The eukaryotic-like characteristics of small GTPase, roadblock and TRAPPC3 proteins from Asgard archaea.

Membrane-enclosed organelles are defining features of eukaryotes in distinguishing these organisms from prokaryotes. Specification of distinct membranes is critical to assemble and maintain discrete compartments. Small GTPases and their regulators are the signaling molecules that drive membrane-modifying machineries to the desired location.

RNA therapeutics for respiratory diseases.

It has become increasingly common to utilize RNA treatment to treat respiratory illnesses. Experimental research on both people and animals has advanced quickly since the turn of the twenty-first century in an effort to discover a treatment for respiratory ailments that could not be accomplished with earlier techniques, specifically in treating prevalent respiratory diseases such as lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), respiratory infections caused by viruses, and asthma. This chapter has provided a comprehensive overview of the scientific evidence in applying RNA therapy to treat respiratory diseases.

A Monte Carlo model of the Dingo thermal neutron imaging beamline.

In this study, we present a validated Geant4 Monte Carlo simulation model of the Dingo thermal neutron imaging beamline at the Australian Centre for Neutron Scattering. The model, constructed using CAD drawings of the entire beam transport path and shielding structures, is designed to precisely predict the in-beam neutron field at the position at the sample irradiation stage. The model's performance was assessed by comparing simulation results to various experimental measurements, including planar thermal neutron distribution obtained in-beam using gold foil activation and [Formula: see text]B[Formula: see text]C-coated microdosimeters and the out-of-beam neutron spectra measured with Bonner spheres.

Neutrophil CD64-a prognostic marker of sepsis in intensive care unit: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Little is known about the prognostic ability of nCD64 in critically ill patients. This study aimed to assess the prognostic values of nCD64 in adult ICU patients with sepsis.

Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted at the ICU of Cho Ray Hospital in Vietnam between January 2019 to September 2020.

Risk factors for cannula-associated arterial thrombosis following extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support: a retrospective study.

Background: Hemostatic dysfunction during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) due to blood-circuit interaction and the consequences of shear stress imposed by flow rates lead to rapid coagulation cascade and thrombus formation in the ECMO system and blood vessels. We aimed to identify the incidence and risk factors for cannula-associated arterial thrombosis (CaAT) post-decannulation.

Methods: A retrospective study of patients undergoing arterial cannula removal following ECMO was performed.

Phylogenetic analysis and morphology of , a species associated with dieback of the metropolitan woody plant (Boj. ex Hook.) Raf. in Vietnam.

, a wood decay mushroom, was initially discovered and classified in Taiwan through the analysis of its morphology and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of nuclear ribosomal DNA. In this study, we identified a mushroom associated with the dieback of (Boj. ex Hook.

Discovery of a Pan-Melanocortin Receptor Antagonist [Ac-DPhe(pI)-Arg-Nal(2')-Orn-NH] at the MC1R, MC3R, MC4R, and MC5R that Mediates an Increased Feeding Response in Mice and a 40-Fold Selective MC1R Antagonist [Ac-DPhe(pI)-DArg-Nal(2')-Arg-NH].

Discovery of pan-antagonist ligands for the melanocortin receptors will help identify the physiological activities controlled by these receptors. The previously reported MC3R/MC4R antagonist Ac-DPhe(pI)-Arg-Nal(2')-Arg-NH was identified herein, for the first time, to possess MC1R and MC5R antagonist activity. Further structure-activity relationship studies probing the second and fourth positions were performed toward the goal of identifying potent melanocortin antagonists.

Diagnostic Value of Neutrophil CD64 in Sepsis Patients in the Intensive Care Unit: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Little is known about the role of neutrophil CD64 (nCD64) in detecting sepsis early in Asian populations. We examined the cut-off and predictive values of nCD64 for diagnosing sepsis in Vietnamese intensive care units (ICU) patients. A cross-sectional study was conducted at the ICU of Cho Ray Hospital between January 2019 and April 2020.

Academic performance warning system based on data driven for higher education.

Academic probation at universities has become a matter of pressing concern in recent years, as many students face severe consequences of academic probation. We carried out research to find solutions to decrease the situation mentioned above. Our research used the power of massive data sources from the education sector and the modernity of machine learning techniques to build an academic warning system.

Structural and biochemical evidence for the emergence of a calcium-regulated actin cytoskeleton prior to eukaryogenesis.

Charting the emergence of eukaryotic traits is important for understanding the characteristics of organisms that contributed to eukaryogenesis. Asgard archaea and eukaryotes are the only organisms known to possess regulated actin cytoskeletons. Here, we determined that gelsolins (2DGels) from Lokiarchaeota (Loki) and Heimdallarchaeota (Heim) are capable of regulating eukaryotic actin dynamics in vitro and when expressed in eukaryotic cells.

Microdosimetric investigation for multi-ion therapy by means of silicon on insulator (SOI) microdosimeter.

Ion radiotherapy with protons or carbon ions is one of the most advanced clinical methods for cancer treatment. To further improve the local tumor control, ion radiotherapy using multiple ion species has been investigated. Due to complexity of dose distributions delivered by multi-ion therapy in a tumor, a validation strategy for the planned treatment efficacy must be established that can be potentially used in the quality assurance (QA) protocol for the multi-ion treatment plans.

Structure and dynamics of Odinarchaeota tubulin and the implications for eukaryotic microtubule evolution.

Tubulins are critical for the internal organization of eukaryotic cells, and understanding their emergence is an important question in eukaryogenesis. Asgard archaea are the closest known prokaryotic relatives to eukaryotes. Here, we elucidated the apo and nucleotide-bound x-ray structures of an Asgard tubulin from hydrothermal living Odinarchaeota (OdinTubulin).

Response of SOI microdosimeter in fast neutron beams: experiment and Monte Carlo simulations.

In this study, Monte Carlo codes, Geant4 and MCNP6, were used to characterize the fast neutron therapeutic beam produced at iThemba LABS in South Africa. Experimental and simulation results were compared using the latest generation of Silicon on Insulator (SOI) microdosimeters from the Centre for Medical Radiation Physics (CMRP). Geant4 and MCNP6 were able to successfully model the neutron gantry and simulate the expected neutron energy spectrum produced from the reaction by protons bombarding a Be target.

In-field and out-of-field microdosimetric characterisation of a 62 MeV proton beam at CATANA.

Purpose: A 5 and 10 μm thin silicon on insulator (SOI) 3D mushroom microdosimeter was used to characterize both the in-field and out-of-field of a 62 MeV proton beam.

Methods: The SOI mushroom microdosimeter consisted of an array of cylindrical sensitive volumes (SVs), developed by the Centre for Medical Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, was irradiated with 62 MeV protons at the CATANA (Centro di AdroTerapia Applicazioni Nucleari Avanzate) facility in Catania, Italy, a facility dedicated to the radiation treatment of ocular melanomas. Dose mean lineal energy, ( ), values were obtained at various depths in PMMA along a pristine and spread out Bragg peak (SOBP).