Structure based release kinetics analysis of doxazosin mesylate sustained-release tablets using micro-computed tomography.

The structures of solid dosage forms determine their release behaviors and are critical attributes for the design and evaluation of the solid dosage forms. Here, the 3D structures of doxazosin mesylate sustained-release tablets were parallelly assessed by micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). There were no significant differences observed in the release profiles between the RLD and the generic formulation in the conventional dissolution, but the generic preparation released slightly faster in media with ethanol during an alcohol-induced dose-dumping test.

Bioequivalence Analysis of Terazosin Hydrochloride Tablets Based on Parallel Artificial Membrane Permeability Analysis.

Parallel artificial membrane permeability analysis (PAMPA) is used to determine the permeability of compounds through concentrated negatively charged phospholipid bilayer barriers. We employed MacroFlux (a scaled-up version of PAMPA) to test the permeation rate of terazosin hydrochloride (TH) tablets and predict in vivo bioequivalence. The dissolution profiles and permeability of one reference formulation, and seven generic TH tablets, were compared.

Isopsoralen Improves Glucocorticoid-induced Osteoporosis by Regulating Purine Metabolism and Promoting cGMP/PKG Pathway-mediated Osteoblast Differentiation.

Background: The effects of Isopsoralen (ISO) in promoting osteoblast differentiation and inhibiting osteoclast formation are well-established, but the mechanism underlying ISO's improvement of Glucocorticoid- Induced Osteoporosis (GIOP) by regulating metabolism remains unclear.

Methods: This study aims to elucidate the mechanism of ISO treatment for GIOP through non-targeted metabolomics based on ISO's efficacy in GIOP. Initially, we established a GIOP female mouse model and assessed ISO's therapeutic effects using micro-CT detection, biomechanical testing, serum calcium (Ca), and phosphorus (P) level detection, along with histological analyses using hematoxylin and eosin (HE), Masson, and tartrate-resistant acidic phosphatase (TRAP) staining.

Active control of circular dichroism in a graphene-metal hybridized metamaterial driven by symmetry-protected bound states in the continuum.

Active control of chirality in plasmonic metamaterials is of great importance due to their potential for diverse applications in imaging, communication and spectroscopy. Recently, inspired by the concept of bound states in the continuum (BIC), strong chiroptical responses are constructed in metamaterials by introducing structural asymmetries. However, most of these chiral metamaterials are static and cannot be modulated.

In-Vitro Diagnostic Reagent Evaluation of Commercially Available Cardiac Troponin I Assay Kits Using H/D Exchange Mass Spectrometry for Antibody-Epitope Mapping.

Cardiac troponin I (cTnI) is the biomarker of choice and considered a gold standard for the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction. However, the quantitative results of cTnI assay kits from different manufacturers are not comparable. Based on the H/D exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS) workflow, we developed an in-vitro diagnostic reagent antibody evaluation strategy to analyze the interactions of epitopes and antibody cocktails─(R195, F12, S13) and (D1, D2, pAb2).

The characteristic of nonmotor symptoms with different phenotypes and onsets in multiple system atrophy patients.

Objectives: The characteristic of nonmotor symptoms in patients with multiple system atrophy (MSA) has varied among previous studies. The objective was to investigatethe nonmotor characteristics in MSA patients with different phenotypes, sex and different onset patterns.

Methods: We performed a retrospective review of 1492 MSA patients.

Comparative efficacy and safety of disease-modifying therapies in patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Background: Currently, 19 disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) have been approved for the treatment of patients with relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis (RMS).

Objective: The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review and network meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and safety of DMTs in adults with RMS.

Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, ClinicalTrials.

Association between hemoglobin level and cognitive profile in old adults: A cross-sectional survey.

Objective: In the present study, the association between Hemoglobin (HGB) level and cognitive profile was investigated and whether it affected the dementia risk in older adults.

Methods: A cross-sectional population-based survey that included 3519 individuals ≥65 years of age was conducted in 2019. Basic demographic characteristics were collected.

Elevated Plasma Orexin-A Levels in Prodromal Dementia with Lewy Bodies.

Background: Studies on plasma orexin-A levels in prodromal dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and the relationship with clinical manifestations are rare.

Objective: To assess plasma orexin-A levels and evaluate the correlation with clinical features in patients with mild cognitive impairment with Lewy bodies (MCI-LB) and DLB.

Methods: Plasma orexin-A levels were measured in 41 patients with MCI-LB, 53 with DLB, and 48 healthy controls (HCs).

Pharmacokinetic Characteristics of Siponimod in Healthy Volunteers and Patients With Multiple Sclerosis: Analyses of Published Clinical Trials.

This study aimed to investigate the pharmacokinetic characteristics of siponimod in healthy volunteers and patients with MS based on aggregated data from published clinical trials, and to explore the factors influencing siponimod exposure. A total of 476 siponimod plasma concentrations aggregated from 28 dosage groups (corresponding to 294 healthy volunteers and 207 patients with MS) were collected from published clinical trials. Population pharmacokinetic (PPK) analysis was performed using a nonlinear, mixed-effect modeling approach.

Astaxanthin Attenuates Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis with Downregulation of Osteoprotegerin in Ovariectomized Mice Fed Choline-Deficient High-Fat Diet.

Background: Postmenopausal estrogen decline increases the risk of developing nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and it might accelerate progression to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.

Aims: This study aimed to investigate a novel therapy for postmenopausal women who are diagnosed with NASH.

Methods: Seven-week-old female C57BL/6 J mice were divided into three experimental groups as follows: (1) sham operation (SHAM group), (2) ovariectomy (OVX group), and (3) ovariectomy + 0.

Effect of different initial rituximab regimens on B cell depletion in children with autoimmune neurological diseases.

Background: Rituximab (RTX) is a promising B-cell-depleting monoclonal antibody used to treat several autoimmune neurological diseases in children. The RTX administration regimen relies on the reconstitution of B cells in the peripheral blood.

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of different initial RTX regimens on B cell depletion.

Fire-Prevention Characteristics of an Active Colloid Prepared from Stimulated Fly Ash Component.

In this paper, an active colloid (AC) with a three-dimensional network framework, prepared from stimulated fly ash (FA) component by an acid-base compound chemical method, was proposed for prevention of coal mine fire. During the stimulation process, the active substance in fly ash can be released and transformed into effective components for fire prevention. Research results show that Al, Fe, and Ti from FA can serve as metal cross-linking agents to graft-copolymerize with sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.

Autonomic symptoms are predictive of dementia with Lewy bodies.

Introduction: Autonomic symptoms are common in patients with dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). Although autonomic dysfunction is considered as one of the primary early markers in patients with DLB, there are few studies that examine the timing of the onset of autonomic symptoms in these patients. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the time of onset of autonomic symptoms in patients with DLB using a questionnaire.

Orexin-A in Patients With Lewy Body Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Abnormal orexin-A levels in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) have been identified in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative diseases. However, few studies have focused on Lewy body disease (LBD) and often with debatable outcomes. Thus, we performed this systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate orexin-A levels in LBD by incorporating data from different studies.

HAND2-AS1 targeting miR-1208/SIRT1 axis alleviates foam cell formation in atherosclerosis.

The abnormally expressed long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) exert an important part in the occurrence and development of cardiovascular disease, however, their roles in atherosclerosis (AS) remains unknown. This work focused on investigating the role of HAND2 Antisense RNA 1 (HAND2-AS1) and the related mechanism. As a result, SIRT1 and HAND2-AS1 expression significantly decreased in plasma from patients with atherosclerotic plaques and macrophages originating from THP-1 induced by ox-LDL.