CircRNome-wide characterisation reveals the promoting role of circAATF in anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy of gallbladder carcinoma.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been shown to play important roles in tumour development and tumour immunology. However, genome-wide characterisation of circRNAs and their roles in the immunology and immunotherapy of gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) has been lacking. We present a comprehensive characterisation of the circRNA landscape in GBC, revealing GBC-specific circRNAs.

ARID1A Downregulation Predicts High PD-L1 Expression and Worse Clinical Outcome in Patients With Gallbladder Cancer.

Background: Recent studies have confirmed that AT-rich interactive domain-containing protein 1A (ARID1A) plays a critical role in tumorigenesis, but its role in gallbladder cancer (GBC) remains unclear.

Methods: In total, 224 patients from Zhongshan Hospital were recruited for this retrospective study. The clinicopathological and baseline characteristics of the patients were collected.

Diversity and intratumoral heterogeneity in human gallbladder cancer progression revealed by single-cell RNA sequencing.

Background: Gallbladder cancer (GC) is a malignant disease characterized with highly cellular heterogeneity and poor prognosis. Determining the intratumoral heterogeneity and microenvironment (TME) can provide novel therapeutic strategies for GC.

Methods: We performed the single-cell RNA sequencing on the primary and lymph node metastatic gallbladder tumors and the adjacent normal tissues of five patients.

Cystic Duct Carcinoma: A New Classification System and the Clinicopathological Features of 62 Patients.

Background: Cystic duct carcinoma (CDC) is a rare biliary malignancy with a low incidence and poor prognosis. However, the clinical landscape of the disease has not been clarified and no widely applicable classification system has been developed.

Methods: Sixty-two patients with CDC were included in this retrospective study, and a new classification system was established using imaging data.

Prediction Efficacy for Clinical Outcome of Prognostic Nutritional Index in Patients with Resectable Biliary Tract Cancer Depends on Sex and Obstructive Jaundice Status.

Background: The Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI), a marker of nutritional status and systemic inflammation, is a proven prognostic biomarker in some cancers. The predictive value of PNI in biliary tract cancer (BTC) has not been established.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the PNI and outcomes of resectable BTC.

3D laparoscopic common bile duct exploration versus 2D in choledocholithiasis patients: a propensity score analysis.

Background: This study was designed to investigate whether 3D laparoscopic common bile duct (LCBDE) could improve surgical outcomes in choledocholithiasis patients compared with 2D LCBDE.

Method: Propensity score-matched analysis was performed to balance the bias in baseline characteristic between two groups.

Results: 213 patients underwent 3D LCBDE and 212 patients receiving 2D LCBDE were enrolled in this study.

Diagnostic accuracy of imaging modalities in differentiating xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis from gallbladder cancer.

Background: The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic performance of radiological imaging in differentiating xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis (XGC) from gallbladder cancer (GBC).

Methods: A retrospective analysis of the radiological imaging performed in patients who had pathologically confirmed XGC or GBC between December 2004 to April 2016 was performed. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of each imaging modality, and combined imaging modalities were calculated.

High infiltration of mast cells is associated with improved response to adjuvant chemotherapy in gallbladder cancer.

Recent studies have reported that tumor-infiltrating mast cells (TIM) play an important role in tumor regression, but the effect of TIM in gallbladder cancer (GBC) remains unclear. The present study aims to investigate the prognostic value of TIM in GBC patients and its responsiveness to gemcitabine-based adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT). A total of 298 GBC patients from Zhongshan Hospital were recruited for this study.

Low immune index correlates with favorable prognosis but with reduced benefit from chemotherapy in gallbladder cancer.

Use of immune index is a new potential approach for cancer classification and prediction. To investigate the status and clinical effect of immune index in gallbladder cancer (GBC), 238 GBC patients from Zhongshan Hospital affiliated to Fudan University were involved in the present study, including 113 patients in a training set and 125 patients in a validation set. Five immune cells (macrophages, neutrophils, regulatory T cells, cytotoxic T cells and mast cells) were selected based on a literature review and the immune index for each patient was calculated using the LASSO regression.

Modified staging classification of gallbladder carcinoma on the basis of the 8 edition of the American Joint Commission on Cancer (AJCC) staging system.

Purpose: The 8th edition of the American Joint Commission on Cancer (AJCC) Staging System for gallbladder cancer (GBC) has been used in clinical practice, but we have found some deficiencies in this edition.

Methods: Survival analyses were performed to evaluate the application of various editions of the AJCC staging systems using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database (N = 9616 patients) and Fudan University Zhongshan Hospital (FUZH) database (N = 327 patients). A modified staging system was proposed based on the 8th edition of the AJCC Staging System.