Dynamic changes in the migratory microbial components of colon tissue during different periods of sepsis in an LPS-induced rat model.

Previous studies have shown that bacterial translocation may play an important role in worsening gastrointestinal injury during sepsis. However, the dynamics of specific microbiota components in intestinal tissues at different sepsis stages remain unclear. Rats receiving intraperitoneal lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were sacrificed at 12 h and 48 h post-injection.

Three new triterpenoid saponins from .

Objective: To study the active ingredients in the root bark of .

Methods: Three triterpenoid saponins were separated from the 70% ethanol extracts and purified by column chromatography and their structures were determined by spectroscopic analysis. Compound and were evaluated for antioxidant activity by the DPPH free radical scavenging ability and the protective effect of OH induced DNA oxidative damage.

Dynamic alterations in the lung microbiota in a rat model of lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury.

The lung microbiota have been found to be substantially altered in numerous pulmonary disorders, and crosstalk between the host pathophysiology and lung microbiota plays critical roles in the regulation of disease states. The aim of this study was to investigate dynamic changes in the lung microbiota during different stages of acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS). Rats receiving an intraperitoneal administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were sacrificed at 12 and 48 h after injection, and the hematological parameters, serum cytokine levels, and histological characteristics of the lung tissue and lung microbiota were assessed.

Proteasome inhibition-enhanced fracture repair is associated with increased mesenchymal progenitor cells in mice.

The ubiquitin/proteasome system controls the stability of Runx2 and JunB, proteins essential for differentiation of mesenchymal progenitor/stem cells (MPCs) to osteoblasts. Local administration of proteasome inhibitor enhances bone fracture healing by accelerating endochondral ossification. However, if a short-term administration of proteasome inhibitor enhances fracture repair and potential mechanisms involved have yet to be exploited.

Comparison of the Gut Microbiota Disturbance in Rat Models of Irritable Bowel Syndrome Induced by Maternal Separation and Multiple Early-Life Adversity.

Background: The study aimed to identify the effects of modeling procedures on bacterial communities and to investigate whether different modeling procedures lead to consistent patterns of gut microbiome compositions.

Methods: Two irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) rat models maternal separation (MS) alone and multiple-early-adversity modeling (MAM) were established and the gut microbiome were analyzed using 16S-rRNA-based high-throughput sequencing methods.

Results: Rats from both models exhibited visceral hypersensitivity and the two model groups exhibited differences in the extent of visceral sensitivity and fecal water content.

Effect of water extracts from Cynanchum thesioides (Freyn) K. Schum. on visceral hypersensitivity and gut microbiota profile in maternally separated rats.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic, stress-related, functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by abdominal discomfort and altered bowel habits; the manipulation of the microbiota is emerging as a promising therapeutic option for IBS. Cynanchum thesioides (CT) is an herb of traditional Mongolian medicine that has been employed in treating abdominal pain and diarrhea for hundreds of years. Phytochemical studies of this plant showed the presence of various flavonoids with antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities.

Bone-strengthening supplement (BSP) promotes bone and cartilage repair, for the treatment of Osteonecrosis of Femoral Head: an MRI-based study.

Currently, no effective drug treatment is available for bone and joint disease, a disorder of the bone and cartilage cells. Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is an example of bone and joint disease. It is progressive, with femoral head collapse resulting from the death of osteocytes and the bone marrow, leading to a poor quality of life and surgical interventions.

Bone-strengthening pill (BSP) promotes bone cell and chondrocyte repair, and the clinical and experimental study of BSP in the treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head.

About 1 in 3 people suffer from bone and joint disease, which is a disease of bone and cartilage cells. Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is a typical example of bone and joint disease involving bone cell necrosis. Osteonecrosis of the femoral head leads to the occurrence of premature osteoarthritis of the hip and collapse of the cartilage cells, and there is currently no effective drug treatment available.

Three new cytotoxic oleanane triterpenoid saponins from Cylindrokelupha dalatensis.

Three new minor oleanane triterpenoid saponins, cylindrosides B (1), C (2), and D (3), were isolated from the seed of Cylindrokelupha dalatensis using chromatographic method. Their structures were established on the basis of the chemical and spectroscopic evidences. They displayed significant antitumor activity in vitro against HL60 cancer cell lines and IC values were 7.

[Effect of Aralia echinocaulis containing serum on Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway of primary osteoblast].

This paper was aimed to investigate the effect of Aralia echinocaulis containing serum on expression of β-catenin, Wnt-1, Frizzed-2, TCF and Axin in Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway of primary osteoblasts. SD healthy female rats (n=80) were used to make A. echinocaulis containing serum by gastric perfusion for seven days with distilled water, A.

Clomipramine causes osteoporosis by promoting osteoclastogenesis via E3 ligase Itch, which is prevented by Zoledronic acid.

Patients taking antidepressants, including Clomipramine (CLP), have an increased risk of osteoporotic fracture. However, the effects of CLP on bone metabolism are unknown. Here, we demonstrate that WT mice treated with CLP for 2 weeks had significantly reduced trabecular bone volume and cortical bone thickness, associated with increased osteoclast (OC) numbers, but had no change in osteoblast numbers or bone formation rate.

[Applications and approved projects on traditional Chinese medicine in National Natural Science Foundation of China in 2010].

In this article, the authors firstly summarized the number of applications submitted to and projects supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) in the field of traditional Chinese medicine research in 2010. Then they described the district distribution, research direction layout and allotment of the approved projects in the three primary disciplines (traditional Chinese medicine, Chinese materia medica and integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine) and their 43 subdisciplines. The targeting suggestions for improvement were given respectively by concluding the reason of disapproved projects from the point of view of applicants and supporting institution, and by stating the common problems existing in the review process from the perspectives of fund managers and evaluation experts.

[Influence of aqueous extract of Aralia echinocaulis Hand.-Mazz on the expression of fracture healing-related factor receptors].

Objective: To investigate the influence of aqueous extract of Aralia echinocaulis Hand.-Mazz on the expression of fracture healing-ralated factor receptors.

Methods: Single factor model was set up in SD rat.

[Determination of eight metal elements in Cichorium glandulosum Boiss et Huet by microwave digestion-FAAS].

The Cichorium glandulosum Boiss et Huet is a traditional Uighur natural herbal medicine, but has not been analyzed and studied in terms of its metal elements. In the experiment, the Cichorium glandulosum Boiss et Huet powder was digested with HNO3 by microwave digestion before determination. The eight metal elements, potassium, nickel, calcium, magnesium, iron, manganese, copper and zinc, in Cichorium glandulosum Boiss et Huet were determined by FAAS.

[Influence of canthaxanthin on D-galactose induced osseous changes of rat].

Objective: To study the influence of canthaxanthin on D-galactose induced osseous changes of rat.

Methods: Forty-five six-week-old Wistar male rats were randomly divided into model group, canthaxanthin group and young control group. In addition, 15 sixteen-month-old Wistar male rats were used as old control group.

[Effects of Astaxanthin on the damage of osteoblast induced by H2O2].

Objective: To investigate the effect of Astaxanthin on enhancing the function of anti-oxidative damage in osteoblast.

Methods: MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts were randomly divided into five groups, including control group, model group, Astaxanthin group [low-dose (1 x 10(-7) mol/L), middle-dose (1 x 10(-6) mol/L), high-dose (1 x 10(-5) mol/L)], in which the activity of cells, activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), the content of reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid oxygen (LPO) and membrane fluidity were tested and compared.

Results: Compared with Astaxanthin groups, the activity of cells, SOD activity and membrane fluidity in the model group were significantly decreased (P < 0.