A glutathione-responsive PEGylated nanogel with doxorubicin-conjugation for cancer therapy.

The complexity, degradability, and stability of drug delivery systems are crucial factors for clinical application. Herein, a glutathione (GSH)-responsive polyethylene glycol (PEG)ylated nanogel conjugated with doxorubicin (Dox) was prepared based on a linker with disulfide bonds, PEG, and Dox using a one-pot method. FT-IR and UV-vis analyses confirmed that all raw materials were incorporated in the Dox-conjugated nanogel structure.

One-pot synthesis and enzyme-responsiveness of amphiphilic doxorubicin prodrug nanomicelles for cancer therapeutics.

In this study, we report a one-pot synthesis and enzyme-responsiveness of polyethylene glycol (PEG) and glutamic acid (Glu)-based amphiphilic doxorubicin (DOX) prodrug nanomicelles for cancer therapeutics. The nanomicelles were accomplished by esterification and amidation reactions. The nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) data confirmed the structure of nanomicelles.

Cord blood metabolomics reveals gestational metabolic disorder associated with anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies positivity.

Background: Thyroid disease is one of the common endocrine disorders affecting the pregnant women, in which thyroid autoimmunity can alter the progress and the outcome of pregnancy. Women with euthyroid status but anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) antibodies positivity before pregnancy are prone to subclinical gestational hypothyroidism. However, the connections between anti-TPO antibodies positivity and gestational hypothyroidism remain largely unknown.

DAla2-GIP-GLU-PAL Protects Against Cognitive Deficits and Pathology in APP/PS1 Mice by Inhibiting Neuroinflammation and Upregulating cAMP/PKA/CREB Signaling Pathways.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive decline in cognitive function. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is an important risk factor for AD. Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) has been identified to be effective in T2DM treatment and neuroprotection.

Integrated microbiome-metabolome analysis reveals novel associations between fecal microbiota and hyperglycemia-related changes of plasma metabolome in gestational diabetes mellitus.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has been associated with circulating metabolic disorders and alterations in gut microbiota, respectively. Although changes in gut microbiota contribute to metabolic diseases, the connections between gut microbiota and the circulating metabolic state in GDM remain largely undetermined. To investigate the associations between gut microbiota and the circulating metabolome of GDM, we enrolled 40 pregnant women (20 with GDM and 20 non-diabetic control), and performed multi-omics association (MOA) study on 16s rRNA sequencing of fecal microbiota and H-NMR profiling of the plasma metabolome.

The therapeutic effect of verapamil in lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury.

The objective of this study was to investigate the exact therapeutic effects of Verapamil on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) and the molecular mechanism involved, through using LPS-induced animal models as well as LPS-stimulated mouse primary peritoneal macrophages models. Our results demonstrated that Verapamil reduced LPS-induced pathological damage of the lung tissue, infiltration of inflammatory cells and the production of IL-1β, TNF-α, and MCP-1 in the serum. The MPO activity, MDA content, lung wet/dry ratio and LDH activity were also attenuated by Verapamil.

Enhanced AMPA receptor-mediated excitatory transmission in the rodent rostromedial tegmental nucleus following lesion of the nigrostriatal pathway.

The GABAergic rostromedial tegmental nucleus (RMTg) has reciprocal connections with the dopaminergic ventral tegmental area and substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc), and is involved in inhibitory control of monoaminergic nuclei. At present, it is not clear whether unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine lesions of the SNc in rats affect AMPA receptor-mediated excitatory transmission in the RMTg. Here we found that lesions of the SNc in rats increased the firing rate of GABAergic neurons and the level of glutamate in the RMTg compared to sham-operated rats.

[Effects of LncRNA on Proliferation of Human Colorectal Cancer SW620 Cells].

Objective: To determine the expression level of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) imprinted maternallyexpressed transcript () in colorectal cancer tissues and its effect on proliferation of colorectal cancer SW620 cells.

Methods: Real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) was applied to detect the expression of in 20 paired tumor tissues and adjacent normal tissues,and in normal NCM460 cells and colorectal cancer SW480,HCT116 and SW620 cells. The specific small interfering RNA for (si- group) or negative control sequence (si-NC group) were transfected into SW620 cells.

Pterostilbene alleviates polymicrobial sepsis-induced liver injury: Possible role of SIRT1 signaling.

Liver injury occurs frequently during sepsis. Pterostilbene (Pte), a natural dimethylated analog of resveratrol from blueberries, exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects in various diseases. However, the role of Pte in sepsis-induced liver injury and its underlying mechanisms remain unknown.

[The improvement of periodontal teaching mode based on PDCA theory].

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of PDCA teaching mode on clinical ability in the process of periodontal clinical internship.

Methods: Forty-eight undergraduate interns coming from School of Stomatology, China Medical University were divided into 2 groups, one group received traditional teaching mode, the other group received a teaching mode based on PDCA cycle. At the end of internship, every student was assessed by theoretical examinations, case reports and clinical skill practice.

Activation of 5-HT₁A receptors in the medial subdivision of the central nucleus of the amygdala produces anxiolytic effects in a rat model of Parkinson's disease.

Although the medial subdivision of the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeM) and serotonin-1A (5-HT1A) receptors are involved in the regulation of anxiety, their roles in Parkinson's disease (PD)-associated anxiety are still unknown. Here we assessed the importance of CeM 5-HT1A receptors for anxiety in rats with unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesion of the medial forebrain bundle (MFB). The lesion induced anxiety-like behaviors, increased the firing rate and burst-firing pattern of CeM γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) neurons, as well as decreased dopamine (DA) levels in the striatum, medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), amygdala and ventral part of hippocampus (vHip).

Activation of serotonin(2C) receptors in the lateral habenular nucleus increases the expression of depression-related behaviors in the hemiparkinsonian rat.

The roles of lateral habenular nucleus (LHb) glutamate neurons and serotonin2C (5-HT2C) receptors in depression are poorly understood, particularly in Parkinson's disease-associated depression. Here we assessed the importance of LHb glutamate neurons and 5-HT2C receptors for depressive-like behaviors in sham-operated rats and rats with unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine lesions of the substantia nigra. The lesion induced depressive-like responses compared to sham-operated rats.

Activation of serotonin2A receptors in the medial septum-diagonal band of Broca complex enhanced working memory in the hemiparkinsonian rats.

Serotonin2A (5-HT2A) receptors are highly expressed in the medial septum-diagonal band of Broca complex (MS-DB), especially in parvalbumin (PV)-positive neurons linked to hippocampal theta rhythm, which is involved in cognition. Cognitive impairments commonly occur in Parkinson's disease. Here we performed behavioral, electrophysiological, neurochemical and immunohistochemical studies in rats with complete unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine lesions of the medial forebrain bundle (MFB) to assess the importance of dopamine (DA) depletion and MS-DB 5-HT2A receptors for working memory.

The theta-related firing activity of parvalbumin-positive neurons in the medial septum-diagonal band of Broca complex and their response to 5-HT1A receptor stimulation in a rat model of Parkinson's disease.

The parvalbumin (PV)-positive neurons in the medial septum-diagonal band of Broca complex (MS-DB) play an important role in the generation of hippocampal theta rhythm involved in cognitive functions. These neurons in this region express a high density of 5-HT1A receptors which regulate the neuronal activity and consequently affect the theta rhythm. In this study, we examined changes in the theta-related firing activity of PV-positive neurons in the MS-DB, their response to 5-HT1A receptor stimulation and the corresponding hippocampal theta rhythm, and the density of PV-positive neurons and their co-localization with 5-HT1A receptors in rats with 6-hydroxydopamine lesions of the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc).

The response of juxtacellular labeled GABA interneurons in the basolateral amygdaloid nucleus anterior part to 5-HT₂A/₂C receptor activation is decreased in rats with 6-hydroxydopamine lesions.

Here we report that juxtacellular labeled GABA interneurons in the basolateral amygdaloid nucleus anterior part (BLA) of rats with 6-hydroxydopamine lesions of the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) showed a more burst-firing pattern, while having no change in the firing rate. In sham-operated and the lesioned rats, systemic administration of 5-HT(2A/2C) receptor agonist DOI produced excitation, inhibition and unchanged in the firing rate of the interneurons, and the mean response of DOI was excitatory. However, cumulative dose producing excitation in the lesioned rats was higher than that of sham-operated rats.

Microinjection of morphine into thalamic nucleus submedius depresses bee venom-induced inflammatory pain in the rat.

Previous studies have provided evidence of the existence of a pain modulatory feedback pathway consisting of thalamic nucleus submedius (Sm)-ventrolateral orbital cortex-periaqueductal grey pathway, which is activated during acute pain and leads to depression of transmission of nociceptive information in the spinal dorsal horn. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that morphine microinjection into the Sm decreased spontaneous pain and bilateral thermal hyperalgesia, as well as ipsilateral mechanical allodynia, induced by subcutaneous injections of bee venom into the rat hind paw. Morphine (1.

The selective 5-HT(1A) receptor antagonist WAY-100635 increases neuronal activity of the basolateral nucleus of the amygdala in 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned rats.

In the present study, extracellular recording was used to examine the neuronal activity of the basolateral nucleus (BL) of the amygdala and the effects of systemic administration of the selective 5-HT(1A) receptor antagonist WAY-100635 on the neuronal activity in the normal rats and rats with 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-produced lesions in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc). The results showed that the firing rates of BL projection neurons and interneurons were (0.39±0.

The selective 5-HT1A receptor antagonist WAY-100635 inhibits neuronal activity of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex in a rodent model of Parkinson's disease.

Objective: The ventral part of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) plays an important role in initiation and control of voluntary movement, mood and cognition. However, after the degeneration of the nigrostriatal pathway, the neuronal activity of the ventral mPFC and the role of serotonin(1A) (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT(1A)) receptors in the firing of the neurons are still unknown. The present study is to investigate the change of neuronal activity in the ventral mPFC and the effect of systemic administration of the selective 5-HT(1A) receptor antagonist WAY-100635 on the activity of the neurons in normal and 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-lesioned rats.