12,13-diHOME attenuates high glucose-induced calcification of vascular smooth muscle cells through repressing CPT1A-mediated HMGB1 succinylation.

Diabetes is closely associated with vascular calcification (VC). Exorbitant glucose concentration activates pro-calcific effects in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). This study enrolled 159 elderly patients with type 2 diabetes and divided them into three groups, T1, T2 and T3, according to brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity(BaPWV).

TLR4 knockout ameliorates streptozotocin-induced osteoporosis in a mouse model of diabetes.

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is characterized by hyperglycemia manifesting as insufficient insulin. Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4) has been implicated in diabetic osteoporosis. We established streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mouse model and examined the relevant osteoporosis factors in different experimental groups, the WT-CON group, WT-STZ group, KO-CON group and KO-STZ group, respectively.

Liraglutide and Insulin Have Contrary Effects on Adipogenesis of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells via Wnt Pathway.

Background: Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) has been reported to have beneficial impacts on improving human's metabolism and ameliorating insulin resistance. While insulin is another important and conventional drug in diabetes treatment, but it has an adverse effect on weight gain.

Purpose: To make sure whether GLP-1 and insulin play different roles in human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs).

Association of [H]-MRS quantified liver fat content with glucose metabolism status.

Background: Previous literatures have implied that the liver fat deposition plays a crucial role in the development and progression of insulin resistance. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the association of liver fat content (LFC) with glucose metabolism status in the population of newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (nT2DM), prediabetes mellitus (PDM) and normal controls (NC), and assessing if the LFC could as an indicator for the prediction of T2DM.

Methods: A total of 242 subjects (including 141 nT2DM patients, 48 PDM subjects and 53 NC) were enrolled.

Rhodium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Arylative Ring-Opening Reactions of Heterobicyclic Alkenes with Anilines.

Asymmetric arylative ring-opening reactions of heterobicyclic alkenes with anilines have been reported for the first time. A wide range of heterobicyclic alkenes, including azabenzonorbornadienes and oxabenzonorbornadienes, were well tolerated in the reaction with various anilines, and they generally delivered the corresponding chiral aryltetralin derivatives in good to excellent enantioselectivities. The reaction is speculated to proceed through the Friedel-Crafts reaction pathway.

Crystal structure of maize serine racemase with pyridoxal 5'-phosphate.

Serine racemase (SR) is a pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP)-dependent enzyme that is responsible for D-serine biosynthesis in vivo. The first X-ray crystal structure of maize SR was determined to 2.1 Å resolution and PLP binding was confirmed in solution by UV-Vis absorption spectrometry.

Synonymous rare arginine codons and tRNA abundance affect protein production and quality of TEV protease variant.

It has been identified that a TEV protease (TEVp) variant, TEVp(5M), displays improved solubility. Here, we constructed fifteen TEVp(5M) variants with one or more of six rare arginine codons in the coding sequence replaced with abundant E. coli arginine codons.

Ketosis onset type 2 diabetes had better islet β-cell function and more serious insulin resistance.

Diabetic ketosis had been identified as a characteristic of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), but now emerging evidence has identified that they were diagnosed as T2DM after long time follow up. This case control study was aimed at comparing the clinical characteristic, β-cell function, and insulin resistance of ketosis and nonketotic onset T2DM and providing evidence for treatment selection. 140 cases of newly diagnosed T2DM patients were divided into ketosis (62 cases) and nonketotic onset group (78 cases).

Independent Association between Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is closely correlated with insulin resistance and several metabolic syndrome features, but whether it could increase the risk of cardiovascular disease remains undefined. To assess the association between NAFLD and the risk of cardiovascular outcomes, we systematically searched the MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Library database (1947 to October 2012) by using Medical Subject Heading search terms and a standardized protocol. Randomized controlled trials, case-control, and prospective studies carried out in human adults, in which the unadjusted and multivariate adjusted odds ratios with corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) for cardiovascular disease with NAFLD were reported.

[Spectral analysis of a compound in mould release agent of plastics].

This paper reported the structure of a main unknown compound which was isolated and purified by column chromatography from a new mould release agent used in plastics. Elemental analysis, infrared spectra and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum were used to study the structure characters. The structure was then confirmed by assigning infrared absorbing peaks and nuclear magnetic spectral bands of this compound and its hydrochloric acid-treated compound.