CYP5122A1 encodes an essential sterol C4-methyl oxidase in Leishmania donovani and determines the antileishmanial activity of antifungal azoles.

Visceral leishmaniasis is a life-threatening parasitic disease, but current antileishmanial drugs have severe drawbacks. Antifungal azoles inhibit the activity of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 51 enzymes which are responsible for removing the C14α-methyl group of lanosterol, a key step in ergosterol biosynthesis in Leishmania. However, they exhibit varying degrees of antileishmanial activities in culture, suggesting the existence of unrecognized molecular targets.

N-substituted-4-(pyridin-4-ylalkyl)piperazine-1-carboxamides and related compounds as Leishmania CYP51 and CYP5122A1 inhibitors.

CYP5122A1, an enzyme involved in sterol biosynthesis in Leishmania, was recently characterized as a sterol C4-methyl oxidase. Screening of a library of compounds against CYP5122A1 and CYP51 from Leishmania resulted in the identification of two structurally related classes of inhibitors of these enzymes. Analogs of screening hit N-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-4-(pyridin-4-ylmethyl)piperazine-1-carboxamide (4a) were generally strong inhibitors of CYP51 but were less potent against CYP5122A1 and typically displayed weak inhibition of L.

Association of systemic immune inflammatory index with obesity and abdominal obesity: A cross-sectional study from NHANES.

Background And Aim: Our aim was to explore the potential relationship between SII and obesity, as well as abdominal obesity.

Methods And Results: We utilized a weighted multivariable logistic regression model to investigate the relationship between SII and obesity, as well as abdominal obesity. Generalized additive models were employed to test for non-linear associations.

Associations of muscle mass and strength with depression among US adults: A cross-sectional NHANES study.

Objectives: The aim of our study was to assess the association between muscle mass and strength and depression through a cross-sectional study of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2011 to 2014.

Methods: Muscle mass was calculated by summing the lean body mass of the limbs and muscle strength was assessed by grip strength. Depression was determined by The 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire.

Sphenopalatine ganglion stimulation: a comprehensive evaluation across diseases in randomized controlled trials.

Background: Current literature extensively covers the use of sphenopalatine ganglion stimulation (SPGs) in treating a broad spectrum of medical conditions, such as allergic rhinitis, cluster headaches, and strokes. Nevertheless, a discernible gap in the systematic organization and analysis of these studies is evident. This paper aims to bridge this gap by conducting a comprehensive review and analysis of existing literature on SPGs across various medical conditions.

Nonlinear association of triglyceride-glucose index with hyperuricemia in US adults: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Despite abundant evidence on the epidemiological risk factors of metabolic diseases related to hyperuricemia, there is still insufficient evidence regarding the nonlinear relationship between triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and hyperuricemia. Thus, the purpose of this research is to clarify the nonlinear connection between TyG and hyperuricemia.

Methods: From 2011 to 2018, a cross-sectional study was carried out using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).

Tension-Type Headache Management: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis of Complementary and Alternative Medicine.

Introduction: Tension-type headache (TTH) is common but challenging to manage due to limited effectiveness of conventional treatments. This study examines six complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) interventions through network meta-analysis to identify effective TTH management strategies.

Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, OVID, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, and CBM databases for randomized controlled trials on CAM for TTH treatment.

The correlation of obesity status with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D in US Asian adults: NHANES 2011-2018.

Background: There is a correlation between obesity and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) that tends to be negative. However, this relationship varies among different races. In this study, Asian adults with and without obesity were compared in terms of their levels of 25OHD.

[Efficacy and safety of body-insulated acupuncture needle for electrical stimulation at rabbit scia-tic nerve trunk].

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of electrical stimulation at the rabbit sciatic nerve trunk with the body-insulated acupuncture needle whose body is painted with insulating material.

Methods: Eighteen male New Zealand rabbits were randomized into the body-insulated acupuncture needle (BIAN), the general acupuncture needle (GAN), and the blank control groups，with 6 rabbits in each group. The rats'sciatic nerve trunks in BIAN and GAN groups were stimulated by electroacupuncture with the body-insulated acupuncture needle (only allowing the uncoated needle handle and tip to conduct electricity) and the general acupuncture needle, separately.