Antibiotic susceptibility testing and molecular characterization based on whole-genome sequencing of isolates from pediatric infections at the National Regional Medical Center of Southwest China during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: is a transmitted respiratory pathogen that causes high morbidity and mortality in children, especially those under 5 years of age. During the implementation of population control measures for COVID-19 in mainland China, the detection rate in pediatric patients decreased. However, with the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic (2022), the incidence of pneumococcal disease (PD) and even invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) began to rise again.

Crystal Structures of the Macrolide Phosphotransferase E.

() challenges clinical infection treatment due to its resistance to various antibiotics. Multiple resistance genes in the core genome or mobile elements contribute to multidrug resistance in . Macrolide phosphotransferase gene has been identified in , which is particularly relevant to macrolide antibiotics.

Integrating Molecular Biology and Network Pharmacology to Analyze the Antidepressant Mechanism of Glycyrrhizaglabra.

Introduction: Antidepressants have adverse effects and induce drug resistance when used excessively or frequently. Therefore, adjuvants are needed to reduce the use of antidepressants during treatment. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is an important adjunctive approach to depression with safety, environmental protection, and low toxicity.

Invasive infection diagnosed by traditional microbial detection methods and metagenomic next-generation sequencing in a pediatric patient: a case report and literature review.

, as an opportunistic pathogen, can infect individuals with immunosuppression, neutropenia, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), or other high-risk factors, leading to invasive or localized infections. Particularly in patients following allogeneic HSCT, is more likely to cause invasive or disseminated infections. This study focuses on a pediatric patient who underwent HSCT for severe aplastic anemia.

Serotype, antibiotic susceptibility and whole-genome characterization of in all age groups living in Southwest China during 2018-2022.

Background: is a common pathogen that colonizes the human upper respiratory tract, causing high morbidity and mortality worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence status of isolated from patients of all ages in Southwest China, including serotype, antibiotic susceptibility and other molecular characteristics, to provide a basis for clinical antibiotic usage and vaccine development.

Methods: This study was conducted from January 2018 to March 2022 at West China Hospital, West China Second University Hospital, First People's Hospital of Longquanyi District (West China Longquan Hospital), Meishan Women and Children's Hospital (Alliance Hospital of West China Second University Hospital) and Chengdu Jinjiang Hospital for Women and Children Health.

Chloramphenicol Binding Sites of Chloramphenicol Acetyltransferase CatB8.

is a multidrug-resistant pathogen that has become one of the most challenging pathogens in global healthcare. Several antibiotic-resistant genes, including , have been identified in the genome. CatB8 protein, one of the chloramphenicol acetyltransferases (Cats), is encoded by the gene.

Genomic Characteristics of Carbapenem-Resistant Isolated from Neonatal Patients in Southwest China During 2017-2021.

Objective: Carbapenem-resistant (CRKP) is spreading worldwide, becoming a serious threat to public health. The present study aimed to analyze the molecular epidemiology and drug resistance mechanism of CRKP isolated from neonatal patients in Sichuan, Southwest China.

Methods: CRKP isolates were collected from neonatal patients of West China Second University Hospital from June 2017 to June 2021.

Antibiotic Resistance of Hemophilus influenzae Isolated from Children in Southwest China.

Background: Hemophilus influenzae (Hi) is one of the major pediatric bacterial pneumonia pathogens that heavily threatens children's lives and global health. With widespread usage as first-line treatment, the prevalence of β-lactam-resistant strains is increasing sharply. In order to treat Hi more effectively, a systematic study on the antibiotic resistance profiles, β-lactamase-negative ampicillin-resistant (BLNAR) strains isolation rate, and potential BLNAR resistance mechanism in our region is needed.

ΔNp63α-mediated epigenetic regulation in keratinocyte senescence.

Keratinocyte senescence contributes to skin ageing and epidermal dysfunction. According to the existing knowledge, the transcription factor ΔNp63α plays pivotal roles in differentiation and proliferation of keratinocytes. It is traditionally accepted that ΔNp63α exerts its functions via binding to promoter regions to activate or repress gene transcription.

The first case of Ochrobactrum intermedium bacteremia in a pediatric patient with malignant tumor.

Background: Ochrobactrum spp. are non-fermenting, Gram-negative bacilli that are regarded as emerging human pathogens of low virulence that can cause infections. The first identified case of Ochrobactrum intermedium was reported in 1998 in a liver transplantation patient with liver abcess.

Association of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in children: A meta-analysis.

It has been suggested that small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) could cause nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), but this association was not examined in children by meta-analysis. This meta-analysis aimed to determine the association between SIBO and NAFLD in children. The electronic databases PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched for studies published before April 22, 2021.

WW Domain-Containing E3 Ubiquitin Protein Ligase 1: A Self-Disciplined Oncoprotein.

WW domain-containing E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1 (WWP1) is a member of C2-WW-HECT E3 ligase family. Although it may execute carcinostatic actions in some scenarios, WWP1 functions as an oncoprotein under most circumstances. Here, we comprehensively review reports on regulation of WWP1 and its roles in tumorigenesis.

Analysis of listeriosis infection cases during pregnancy among 70 131 deliveries.

Objective: To provide evidence for the diagnosis of listeriosis through a retrospective study of clinical features and results of pregnant women infected with listeriosis.

Methods: Twenty-nine pregnant women infected with listeriosis visiting West China Second University Hospital affiliated to Sichuan University from July 2010 to February 2019 were included in the retrospective analysis. Data like general information, clinical symptoms, laboratory results, and pathogen detection were analyzed to conclude clinical characteristics.

A new insight into acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children: influences of changed intestinal microfloras.

Background: Previous studies have shown that changes in intestinal microfloras are associated with both gastrointestinal (GI) and non-GI tumors. It is not clear whether there is an association between GI microflora changes and hematological malignancies.

Methods: In the current study, we used 16S rDNA gene sequencing techniques to profile the GI microbiome in children with lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL, n = 18) and matched healthy control (n = 18).

Effect of probiotic supplementation in pregnant women: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.

Probiotics are being used increasingly in pregnant women, whereas the efficiency on pregnancy outcomes is yet lacking. PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Library were searched. Relative risks (RR) or weighted mean differences (WMD) with 95 % CI were employed to calculate the summary outcomes.

Invasive Fungal Infection Caused by Geotrichum clavatum in a Child with Acute Leukemia: First Documented Case from Mainland China.

Invasive fungal infections are one of the vital complications among acute leukemia patients undergoing induction chemotherapy. Among them, Geotrichum clavatum infections present extremely rarely with atypical clinical symptoms which make them difficult to diagnose. In this paper, we report a case of infection caused by Geotrichum clavatum in a 10-year old child with acute leukemia, which is the first documented case from mainland China.

A study of the correlation between obesity and intestinal flora in school-age children.

With the improvement of living standards and dietary changes, childhood obesity has increased worldwide. This study aimed to understand the differences of intestinal flora structure between obese and normal children at school-age. Using the next generation sequencing platform, Illumina Miseq, 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing technology, we analyzed the diversity and relative abundance of intestinal flora in 39 obese and 38 normal control school-age children.

[Preparing for Quantitative Detections].

Objectives: To compare different preparation methods for quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) detection of .

Methods: Standard strains of were prepared with concentration gradients using strain DNA, PCR product amplification and purification, and plasmid DNA methods. The concentrations of were determined with ultraviolet spectrophotometer and real-time quantitative PCR.

The Clinical Characteristics of Neonatal Sepsis Infection in Southwest China.

Objective: To identify the pathogens responsible for neonatal sepsis in a high-volume women and children's hospital in Southwest China.

Methods: We retrospectively studied 133 neonates who were admitted to the West China Women and Children's Hospital between 2008 and 2012 for sepsis. The clinical characteristics of the patients were recorded, and the antibiotic sensitivities of the isolated bacteria were determined.

[Epidemiology and Resistance Mechanisms of Group B Streptococci in Late-pregnant Maternal Birth Canal].

Objective: To study the antibiotic-resistant rate of group B streptococci (GBS) in obstetric canal of late-pregnant women, evaluate the antibiotic-resistant status and finally to support the GBS prevention and curing by proper antibiotics.

Methods: 31 pregnant women between 35 to 37 gestational weeks were included, for whom the antibiotic sensitivity as well as the drug (erythromycin and clindamycin) resistance genes of GBS in obstetric canal was analyzed.

Results: 12 (38.

[Clinical characteristics of children with meningitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae and antibiotic resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae strains].

Objective: To study the clinical characteristics of children with meningitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae (SP) and the drug sensitivity of SP strains.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 14 children with SP-infected meningitis between September 2008 and March 2014.

Results: Of the 14 cases, 8 cases (57%) aged under 2 years.

Obesity in school-aged children and its correlation with gut E.coli and Bifidobacteria: a case-control study.

Background: To determine the correlation between obesity in school-aged children and imbalance of gut microbes by examining the ratio change of intestinal Bifidobacteria and E.coli in obese children compared to non-obese controls.

Methods: A hospital-based 1:1 case-control study was performed.