Stress Response of the Juvenile Tri-Spine Horseshoe Crab Tachypleus tridentatus to Hypoxia: Insights From Phenotypic, Metabolomic, and Microbial Analyses.

Over the past few decades, ocean hypoxia has been increasing due to human activities. Hypoxic stress, characterized by a reduced level of dissolved oxygen, is an escalating threat to marine ecosystems, with potentially devastating effects on the viability of endangered species such as the tri-spine horseshoe crab Tachypleus tridentatus. Even though this species is remarkably resilient to low oxygen levels, persistent hypoxia can negatively impact its population's survivability.

A photo-triggered dual-gas donor of nitric oxide and hydrogen sulfide with fluorescence for real-time monitoring of its release.

Multi-gaseous signal molecules play a significant role in regulating various physiological and pathological processes. Therefore, studying the synergistic effects of multi-gas donors on biological systems is essential. However, different types of gas donors vary significantly in terms of gas release, including location, dose, and flux.

Advances in antitumor application of ROS enzyme-mimetic catalysts.

The rapid growth of research on enzyme-mimetic catalysts (Enz-Cats) is expected to promote further advances in nanomedicine for biological detection, diagnosis and treatment of disease, especially tumors. ROS-based nanomedicines present fascinating potential in antitumor therapy owing to the rapid development of nanotechnology. In this review, we focus on the applications of Enz-Cats based on ROS in antitumor therapy.

Enantioselective copper-catalyzed azidation/click cascade reaction for access to chiral 1,2,3-triazoles.

Chiral 1,2,3-triazoles are highly attractive motifs in various fields. However, achieving catalytic asymmetric click reactions of azides and alkynes for chiral triazole synthesis remains a significant challenge, mainly due to the limited catalytic systems and substrate scope. Herein, we report an enantioselective azidation/click cascade reaction of N-propargyl-β-ketoamides with a readily available and potent azido transfer reagent via copper catalysis, which affords a variety of chiral 1,2,3-triazoles with up to 99% yield and 95% ee under mild conditions.

Impact of hypoxia on glucose metabolism and hypoxia signaling pathways in juvenile horseshoe crabs Tachypleus tridentatus.

Marine hypoxia poses a significant challenge in the contemporary marine environment. The horseshoe crab, an ancient benthic marine organism, is confronted with the potential threat of species extinction due to hypoxia, making it an ideal candidate for studying hypoxia tolerance mechanisms. In this experiment, juvenile Tachypleus tridentatus were subjected to a 21-day trial at DO:2 mg/L (hypoxia) and DO:6 mg/L conditions.

Saving the overlooked mangrove horseshoe crabs-A perspective from enhancing mangrove ecosystem conservation.

Despite being widely distributed in Asia, Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda is often overlooked and, its population status remains unclear. Moreover, it is threatened by illegal harvesting and degradation of mangrove ecosystems. Protecting its habitat is essential for population and biodiversity conservation, as mangroves provide nursery grounds and food supply for C.

Intelligent sensing based on active micro/nanomotors.

In the microscopic world, synthetic micro/nanomotors (MNMs) can convert a variety of energy sources into driving forces to help humans perform a number of complex tasks with greater ease and efficiency. These tiny machines have attracted tremendous attention in the field of drug delivery, minimally invasive surgery, sampling, and environmental management. By modifying their surface materials and functionalizing them with bioactive agents, these MNMs can also be transformed into dynamic micro/nano-biosensors that can detect biomolecules in real-time with high sensitivity.

The effect of hepatic stellate cell derived-IL-11 on hepatocyte injury in hepatic fibrosis.

Aims: This study aimed to elucidate the role of Interleukin-11 (IL-11) in hepatic fibrosis (HF) and its potential as a therapeutic target for HF treatment.

Materials And Methods: We investigated IL-11 expression in patients with varying degrees of liver injury through ELISA and immunohistochemistry. A CCl-induced HF mouse model was constructed to study IL-11 expression and cell apoptosis using Western blotting (WB) and other techniques.

Enantioselective synthesis of 3a-azido-pyrroloindolines by copper-catalyzed asymmetric dearomative azidation of tryptamines.

Copper-catalyzed asymmetric dearomative azidation of tryptamines using azidobenziodoxolone as an azidating reagent was developed, which affords a variety of 3a-azido-pyrroloindolines in good to high enantioselectivities under mild reaction conditions. The azides could be readily transformed into the corresponding 3a-amino-pyrroloindolines reduction and 1,2,3-triazole derivatives a click reaction.

Azidobenziodazolones as Azido Sources for the Enantioselective Copper-Catalyzed Azidation of -Unprotected 3-Trifluoromethylated Oxindoles.

Both azido (N) and trifluoromethyl (CF) groups are key moieties of numerous valuable molecules that are extensively applied in drug discovery, chemical biology, and synthetic chemistry. However, the asymmetric construction of chiral quaternary stereocenters bearing both N and CF groups is still unexplored. Herein, we report a kind of bench-stable and easily adjustable benziodazolone-based azidating reagents.

Simple and Versatile Nitrooxylation: Noncyclic Hypervalent Iodine Nitrooxylating Reagent.

Organic nitrates are broadly applied as pharmaceuticals (acting as efficient nitric oxide donor), energetic materials, building blocks in organic synthesis, etc. However, practical and direct methods to access organic nitrates efficiently are still rare, mainly due to the lack of powerful nitrooxylating reagents. Herein, we report bench-stable and highly reactive noncyclic hypervalent iodine nitrooxylating reagents, oxybis(aryl-λ -iodanediyl) dinitrates (OAIDNs, 2), which are prepared just by using aryliodine diacetate and HNO .

Inhibition of circular RNA ASPH reduces the proliferation and promotes the apoptosis of hepatic stellate cells in hepatic fibrosis.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a newly identified form of non-coding RNA that play a crucial role in various pathological processes. However, the expression profile and function of circRNAs in hepatic fibrosis (HF) remain largely unknown. In this study, we showed that a novel circRNA ASPH (circASPH) mediates HF by targeting the miR-139-5p/Notch1 axis.

Myc-mediated circular RNA circMcph1/miR-370-3p/Irak2 axis is a progressive regulator in hepatic fibrosis.

Aims: Treating hepatic fibrosis (HF) is a major challenge worldwide. However, the biological functions and regulatory mechanisms of circular RNAs (circRNAs) remain unclear in HF. The present study aimed to elucidate the novel role of circMcph1 in HF.

[Relationship between economy and ecology of Pearl River Delta Urban Agglomeration based on ecological footprint of net primary productivity].

With the acceleration of regional economic integration, human activities have played an increasingly crucial role in regional sustainable development. In this study, MODIS remote sensing data and ecological footprint of net primary productivity (EF-NPP) were leveraged to calculate the equivalence factor and yield factor of the six major biologically productive land areas in the Pearl River Delta Urban Agglomeration. We analyzed the changes in per capita ecological footprint, per capita ecological carrying capacity, natural resource utilization efficiency and ecological moderate population from 2000 to 2020.

Effects of Microplastics on Immune Responses of the Yellow Catfish Under Hypoxia.

Compared with marine organisms, research on microplastics (MPs) in freshwater organisms is still less although MPs have been widely found in the freshwater ecosystem. Hypoxia is a ubiquitous issue in freshwater aquaculture, and under such scenarios, the toxic effects of MPs on typical aquaculture fish need to be clarified. In this study, we studied the effects of MPs (polystyrene) on specific growth rate (SGR), hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and interferon (IFN) in the yellow catfish () under hypoxic conditions.

ITCH regulates oxidative stress induced by high glucose through thioredoxin interacting protein in cultured human lens epithelial cells.

Thioredoxin (Trx) is an important protein that controls oxidative damage in almost all eukaryotic cells. Trx interaction protein (Txnip) has been reported to negatively regulate the bioavailability of Trx and inhibit its biological function. The E3 ubiquitin ligase ITCH can specifically degrade Txnip via ubiquitination.

Argon Laser Peripheral Iridoplasty and Argon Laser Pupilloplasty: Alternative Management for Medically Unresponsive Acute Primary Angle Closure.

Objective: To introduce the combined laser technique, argon laser peripheral iridoplasty (ALPI) and argon laser pupilloplasty (ALPP), in the management of medically unresponsive acute primary angle closure (APAC).

Design: Retrospective study.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the records of 23 patients (27 eyes) with APAC, who were applied ALPI and ALPP when traditional treatment failed.

Nucleophilic Substitution of gem-Difluoroalkenes with TMSNu Promoted by Catalytic Amounts of CsCO.

The efficient and practical nucleophilic cyanation and trifluoromethylation with appropriate trimethylsilyl nucleophiles were developed. Catalytic amounts of cheap and nontoxic CsCO were used to maintain a sufficiently high concentration of nucleophilic anion (CN or CF) which could begin the catalytic cycle. The present methodologies provide diverse functionalized monofluoroalkenes bearing a cyano and trifluoromethyl group with excellent to moderate stereoselectivities.

miR-211 promotes lens epithelial cells apoptosis by targeting silent mating-type information regulation 2 homolog 1 in age-related cataracts.

Aim: To detect the expression of miR-211 in age-related cataract tissue, explore the effects of miR-211 on lens epithelial cell proliferation and apoptosis, and identify its target gene.

Methods: This study used real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) to measure the expression of miR-211 and its predicted target gene [silent mating-type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (SIRT1)] in 46 anterior lens capsules collected from age-related cataract patients. Human lens epithelial cell line (SRA01/04) cells were transfected with either miR-211 mimics, mimic controls, miR-211 inhibitors or inhibitor controls, 72h after transfection, miRNA and protein expression of SIRT1 were measured using RT-qPCR and Western blotting; then cells were exposed to 200 µmol/L HO for 1h, whereupon cell viability was measured by MTS assay, caspase-3 assay was performed.

miR-24-p53 pathway evoked by oxidative stress promotes lens epithelial cell apoptosis in age-related cataracts.

MicroRNA-24 (miR-24) serves an important role in cell proliferation, migration and inflammation in various types of disease. In the present study, the biological function and molecular mechanism of miR‑24 was investigated in association with the progression of age‑associated cataracts. To the best of our knowledge the present study is the first to report that the expression of miR‑24 was significantly increased in human anterior lens capsules affected by age‑associated cataracts as well as lens epithelial cells (LECs) exposed to oxidative stress.

Aptamer-functionalized Fe O magnetic nanoparticles as a solid-phase extraction adsorbent for the selective extraction of berberine from Cortex phellodendri.

The extraction adsorbent was fabricated by immobilizing the highly specific recognition and binding of aptamer onto the surface of Fe O magnetic nanoparticles, which not only acted as recognition elements to recognize and capture the target molecule berberine from the extract of Cortex phellodendri, but also could favor the rapid separation and purification of the bound berberine by using an external magnet. The developed solid-phase extraction method in this work was useful for the selective extraction and determination of berberine in Cortex phellodendri extracts. Various conditions such as the amount of aptamer-functionalized Fe O magnetic nanoparticles, extraction time, temperature, pH value, Mg concentration, elution time and solvent were optimized for the solid-phase extraction of berberine.

Detection of Aβ oligomers based on magnetic-field-assisted separation of aptamer-functionalized FeO magnetic nanoparticles and BaYF:Yb,Er nanoparticles as upconversion fluorescence labels.

A sensitive and stable bioassay for the detection of Aβ oligomer (Aβo), a potentially promising candidate biomarker for Alzheimer's disease (AD) diagnosis, was developed using FeO magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) as the recognition and concentration elements and BaYF:Yb,Er upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) as highly sensitive labels, conjugated with the Aβo aptamer (DNA1) and the complementary oligonucleotide of the Aβo aptamer (DNA2), respectively. The DNA1 hybridized with DNA2 to form the duplex structure on the surface of the MNPs/UCNPs nanocomposites probe. When the target Aβo was introduced, the aptamer DNA1 preferentially bound with Aβo and caused the dissociation of some complementary DNA2, liberating some UCNP-labeled complementary DNA2 and leading to a decreased upconversion fluorescent intensity on the surface of MNPs.

Investigation on the aggregation behaviors and filament morphology of tau protein by a simple 90° angle light-scattering assay.

The in vitro aggregation of tau constructs was monitored by a simple 90° angle light-scattering (LS) approach which was conducted directly on fluorescence instrument. At the optimum incident wavelength (550 nm, unpolarized), the sensitivity of LS was high enough to detect tau aggregation at micromolar range. The nucleation and elongation, different events in the aggregation process of 4RMBD construct (corresponding with the four repeated units of tau Microtubule Binding Domain) could be observed by this approach, as compared with ThS fluorescence assay.

Potential prevention and treatment of maifanite for Alzheimer's disease based on behavior test, oxidative stress assay, and trace element analysis in hippocampus of Aβ(₂₅₋₃₅)-induced AD rats.

This study aimed to assess whether maifanite can improve the learning and memory, and antioxidant abilities of Alzheimer's disease (AD) rats. The 70 rats were divided into seven groups: [A] normal control group, [B] AD model group, [C] sham group, [D] positive control group (donepezil), [E] low-dose maifanite group, [F] middle-dose maifanite group, [G] high-dose maifanite group. For [B], [D], [E], [F], and [G] groups, Aβ(25-35) ventricle injection was carried out, then respective medicine were administered once a day for 60 consecutive days.