miR-34a/DRP-1-mediated mitophagy participated in cisplatin-induced ototoxicity via increasing oxidative stress.

Purpose: Cisplatin is a widely used and effective chemotherapeutic agent for most solid malignant tumors. However, cisplatin-induced ototoxicity is a common adverse effect that limits the therapeutic efficacy of tumors in the clinic. To date, the specific mechanism of ototoxicity has not been fully elucidated, and the management of cisplatin-induced ototoxicity is also an urgent challenge.

Prevalence and predictors of medication non-adherence in children with inflammatory bowel disease in China: A cross-sectional study.

Non-adherence to physician-prescribed medications, especially oral medications, is common in children with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and medication non-adherence is associated with poorer outcomes in IBD. Therefore, understanding and improving medication adherence in children with IBD is critical for optimizing treatment and improving treatment outcomes. Despite the relatively high prevalence of IBD in children in China, to date, very little is known about medication adherence in these patients.

Integrated analysis of immune- and apoptosis-related lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network in children with Henoch Schönlein purpura nephritis.

Background: Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in the regulation of immunological and apoptotic function. This study aimed to explore the critical immune- and apoptosis-related lncRNAs in the occurrence and development of Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis (HSPN) in children.

Methods: Differential analysis was employed to identify the differentially expressed lncRNAs, as well as the immune- and apoptosis-related mRNAs in children with HSPN.

Corrigendum: Impact of sampling time variability on tacrolimus dosage regimen in pediatric primary nephrotic syndrome: Single-center, prospective, observational study.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.

The impact of ibuprofen on valproic acid plasma concentration in pediatric patients.

The combination of valproic acid (VPA) and ibuprofen are common in children with epilepsy. Three case reports investigated that ibuprofen might decrease the plasma concentration of VPA, however, no cohort study was published to evaluate the interaction of ibuprofen on VPA plasma concentration in pediatric patients.Data from patients with measured VPA trough concentrations (C) were retrospectively collected in a Chinese teaching and tertiary Children's Hospital from January 2017 to June 2019.

Impact of Sampling Time Variability on Tacrolimus Dosage Regimen in Pediatric Primary Nephrotic Syndrome: Single-Center, Prospective, Observational Study.

Tacrolimus (TAC) is an important immunosuppressant for children with primary nephrotic syndrome (PNS). The relationship between sampling time variability in TAC therapeutic drug monitoring and dosage regimen in such children is unknown. In this single-center, prospective, observational study, we evaluated the sampling time variability, concentration error (CE), relative CE (RCE), and the impact of the sampling time on TAC dosage regimens in 112 PNS children with 188 blood samples.

Impact of Intraoperative Salvaged Blood Autotransfusion During Obstetric Hemorrhage on the Coagulation Function: A Retrospective Cohort Analysis.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the effect of intraoperative blood salvage (autotransfusion) on coagulation function in the rescue of an obstetric hemorrhage.

Methods: A total of 65 pregnant women who were diagnosed with placenta previa in our Hospital and gave birth in the hospital were enrolled in the study. All the patients underwent thromboelastography, routine blood tests, and blood coagulation series + D-dimer before and within 30 min of the autologous blood transfusion.

Advances in Nanoparticle Drug Delivery Systems for Anti-Hepatitis B Virus Therapy: A Narrative Review.

Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is an infectious viral disease that is prevalent worldwide. Traditional nucleoside analogues, as well as the novel drug targets against hepatitis B virus (HBV), are associated with certain critical factors that influence the curative effect, such as biological stability and safety, effective drug delivery, and controlled release. Nanoparticle drug delivery systems have significant advantages and have provided a basis for the development of anti-HBV strategies.

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on chronic tinnitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Although the clinical efficacy and safety of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in the treatment of chronic tinnitus have been frequently examined, the results remain contradictory. Therefore, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysed clinical trials examining the effects of rTMS to evaluate its clinical efficacy and safety.

Methods: Studies of rTMS for chronic tinnitus were retrieved from PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library through April 2020.

Population Pharmacokinetic Study of Vancomycin in Chinese Pediatric Patients with Hematological Malignancies.

Study Objectives: Vancomycin is a primary antibiotic for the treatment of severe infections in children with malignant hematological disease. However, precise dosing of vancomycin is difficult in children because of high interindividual variability and limited data of pharmacokinetic profiles. The present study aims to develop a population pharmacokinetic (PPK) model for vancomycin in Chinese pediatric patients with hematological malignancies.

Diltiazem on tacrolimus exposure and dose sparing in Chinese pediatric primary nephrotic syndrome: impact of CYP3A4, CYP3A5, ABCB1, and SLCO1B3 polymorphisms.

Purpose: To evaluate the role of diltiazem on tacrolimus sparing in pediatric primary nephrotic syndrome (PNS) and its relation to CYP3A4, CYP3A5, ABCB1, and SLCO1B3 polymorphisms.

Methods: The PNS children treated with tacrolimus and with steady-state trough concentration (C) were retrospectively collected. The impacts of diltiazem on tacrolimus dose-adjusted C (C/D), target concentration achievement, and required dose were evaluated.

Underlying Mechanism of Insulin Resistance: A Bioinformatics Analysis Based on Validated Related-Genes from Public Disease Databases.

BACKGROUND The underlying mechanism of insulin resistance is complex; bioinformatics analysis is used to explore the mechanism based differential expression genes (DEGs) obtained from omics analysis. However, the expression and role of most DEGs involved in bioinformatics analysis are invalidated. This study aimed to disclose the mechanism of insulin resistance via bioinformatics analysis based on validated insulin resistance-related genes (IRRGs) collected from public disease-gene databases.

PEGylated versus non-PEGylated drugs: A cross-sectional analysis of adverse events in the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) Database .

Objective: PEGylation is commonly used to optimize pharmacological properties and improve the clinical response of drugs. Due to the inherent toxicity of polyethylene glycol (PEG) and pharmacological changes induced by PEGylation, the safety may be altered and required to be explored. This study explored the adverse events (AEs) associated with PEGylation by comparing pharmacovigilance data of PEGylated and parent drugs.

Cost-effectiveness analysis of cetuximab combined with chemotherapy as a first-line treatment for patients with RAS wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer based on the TAILOR trial.

Objectives: Cetuximab plus leucovorin, fluorouracil and oxaliplatin (FOLFOX-4) is superior to FOLFOX-4 alone as a first-line treatment for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer with RAS wild-type (RAS wt mCRC), with significantly improved survival benefit by TAILOR, an open-label, randomised, multicentre, phase III trial. Nevertheless, the cost-effectiveness of these two regimens remains uncertain. The following study aims to determine whether cetuximab combined with FOLFOX-4 is a cost-effective regimen for patients with specific RAS wt mCRC in China.

Population pharmacokinetic study of tacrolimus in pediatric patients with primary nephrotic syndrome: A comparison of linear and nonlinear Michaelis-Menten pharmacokinetic model.

Background: Little is known about the population pharmacokinetics (PPK) of tacrolimus (TAC) in pediatric patients with primary nephrotic syndrome (PNS). In this study, we aimed to compare the predictive performance between nonlinear and linear PK models and investigate the significant factors influencing TAC PK characteristics in pediatric PNS.

Methods: Data were obtained from 71 pediatric patients with PNS, along with 525 TAC trough concentrations at steady-state.

Evaluation of Concentration Errors and Inappropriate Dose Tailoring of Tacrolimus Caused by Sampling-Time Deviations in Pediatric Patients With Primary Nephrotic Syndrome.

Background: Tacrolimus dosing is routinely tailored based on its trough level (C0) drawn by therapeutic drug monitoring in pediatric patients with primary nephrotic syndrome. However, this concentration is often inaccurate owing to inappropriate practice, such as deviation of sampling time (DST). The quantitative relationship between DST and C0 remains unclear.

Impact of and polymorphisms on tacrolimus exposure and response in pediatric primary nephrotic syndrome.

To evaluate the impact of , and polymorphisms on tacrolimus concentrations, efficacy and tolerance in pediatric primary nephrotic syndrome. Dose-adjusted concentrations (C/D), daily dose, frequency and time to relapse, cumulative remission days, and adverse reactions in 65 Chinese patients with various genotypes were retrospectively collected and compared. C/D increased in , and diplotype carriers by 38.

Up-regulated lncRNA XIST contributes to progression of cervical cancer via regulating miR-140-5p and .

Background: The study purpose was to make investigation into the influence of XIST on cervical cancer progression and what's more its potential mechanism.

Methods: The cervical cancer data sets (lncRNA, miRNA, and mRNA) obtained from TCGA were analyzed with the "mixOmics" R package. Then, the expression of XIST, miR-140-5p, and were detected using qRT-PCR and western blot in both tissues and cervical cancer cell lines (Hela and C33A) to verify the bioinformatics analyses results.

Long noncoding RNA OPA-interacting protein 5 antisense transcript 1 upregulated SMAD3 expression to contribute to metastasis of cervical cancer by sponging miR-143-3p.

Objectives: SMAD3 is pivotal in the biology functions of various tumors. This study is aiming to study the relationship among SMAD3, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) OPA-interacting protein 5 antisense transcript 1 (OIP5-AS1), and miR-143-3p, and their effects on cervical cancer.

Methods: In our research, real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot assay were conducted to detect the expression level of messenger RNA and protein in tumor tissues and cells.

Positive Expression of SMYD2 is Associated with Poor Prognosis in Patients with Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

SET and MYND domain-containing protein2 (SMYD2), a histone lysine methyltransferases, is a candidate human oncogene in multiple tumors. However, the expression dynamics of SMYD2 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its clinical/prognostic significance are unclear. The SMYD2 expression profile was examined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and immunohistochemistry (IHC) in HCC tissues and matched adjacent non-tumorous tissues.

Solid lipid nanoparticles prepared by solvent diffusion method in a nanoreactor system.

In this study, water-in-oil (W/O) miniemulsion was used as nanoreactor to prepare solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) by solvent diffusion method. n-Hexane, Tween 80 and Span 80 were used as the oil phase and surfactant combination for preparation of W/O miniemulsion, respectively. The stable miniemulsion with the particle size of 27.