Strain Regulation and Defect Passivation of FA-Based Perovskite Materials for Highly Efficient Solar Cells.

Formamidine lead triiodide (FAPbI ) perovskites have attracted increasing interest for photovoltaics attributed to the optimal bandgap, high thermal stability, and the record power conversion efficiency (PCE). However, the materials still face several key challenges, such as phase transition, lattice defects, and ion migration. Therefore, external ions (e.

Exceptional Hole-Selective Properties of TaO Films via Sn Doping for High Performance Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells.

Carrier-selective passivating contacts using transition metal oxides (TMOs) have attracted great attention for crystalline silicon (c-Si) heterojunction solar cells recently. Among them, tantalum oxide (TaO) exhibits outstanding advantages, such as a wide bandgap, good surface passivation, and a small conduction band offset with c-Si, which is typically used as an electron-selective contact layer. Interestingly, it is first demonstrated that solution-processed TaO films exhibit a high hole selectivity, which blocks electrons and promotes hole transport simultaneously.

Hypermethylation of the CTRP9 promoter region promotes Hcy induced VSMC lipid deposition and foam cell formation via negatively regulating ER stress.

To provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis (As), the current study aimed to investigate the mechanism underlying the effect of homocysteine (Hcy) on inducing the lipid deposition and foam cell formation of the vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) via C1q/Tumor necrosis factor-related protein9 (CTRP9) promoter region Hypermethylation negative regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERs). Therefore, apolipoprotein E deficient (ApoE) mice were randomly divided into the control [ApoE + normal diet (NC)] and high methionine [ApoE + (normal diet supplemented with 1.7% methionine (HMD)] groups (n = 6 mice/group).

CuCl-modified SnOelectron transport layer for high efficiency perovskite solar cells.

SnOfilm is one of the most widely used electron transport layers (ETL) in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, the inherent surface defect states in SnOfilm and mismatch of the energy level alignment with perovskite limit the photovoltaic performance of PSCs. It is of great interesting to modify SnOETL with additive, aiming to decrease the surface defect states and obtain well aligned energy level with perovskite.

Identification and Validation of Immune-Related Genes Diagnostic for Progression of Atherosclerosis and Diabetes.

Background: Atherosclerosis and type 2 diabetes mellitus contribute to a large part of cardiovascular events, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we focused on identifying the linking genes of the diagnostic biomarkers and effective therapeutic targets associated with these two diseases.

Methods: The transcriptomic datasets of atherosclerosis and type 2 diabetes mellitus were obtained from the GEO database.

Developing a Novel Immune-Related Seven-Gene Signature and Immune Infiltration Pattern in Patients with COVID-19 and Cardiovascular Disease.

Background: patients with pre-existence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) are vulnerable to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and COVID-19 will cause long-term burden of CVD. However, the common pathogenic mechanisms are not fully elucidated. More detailed knowledge of linking biological molecules and the role of immune signature would allow more valuable and specific clinical management.

Optimized photoelectric characteristics of MAPbCland MAPbBrcomposite perovskite single crystal heterojunction photodetector.

MAPbBrsingle crystal (SC) thin layer was successfully grown on MAPbClSC substrate to form perovskite SC heterojunction. Planar structure electrodes are deposited by thermal evaporation on the surfaces of MAPbCl, MAPbBr, and SCs heterojunction, respectively to evaluate their photoelectric performance. The SC heterojunction device exhibits excellent unidirectional conductivity in the voltage-current curves.

Ischemic Postconditioning Protects against Aged Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by Transcriptional and Epigenetic Regulation of miR-181a-2-3p.

Ischemic postconditioning (IPostC) has been proposed as a strategy to mitigate the risk of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, and autophagy is involved in I/R-induced aged myocardial injury, while the underlying mechanism of IPostC-regulated autophagy is unknown. Here, we implemented miRNA sequencing analysis in aged cardiomyocytes to identify a novel miR-181a-2-3p after HPostC, which inhibits autophagy by targeting AMBRA1 in aged myocardium to protect I/R-induced aged myocardial injury. Mechanistically, we identified that IPostC can induce DNA hypomethylation and H3K14 hyperacetylation of miR-181a-2-3p promoter due to the decreased binding of DNMT3b and HDAC2 at its promoter, which contributes to enhancing the expression of miR-181a-2-3p.

TGFB3-AS1 promotes Hcy-induced inflammationof macrophages via inhibiting the maturityof miR-144 and upregulating Rap1a.

It has been demonstrated that homocysteine (Hcy) can cause inflammatory diseases. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) and microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in this biological process, but the mechanism underlying Hcy-induced inflammation remains poorly understood. Here, we found that lncRNA TGFB3-AS1 was highly expressed in macrophages treated with Hcy and the peripheral blood monocytes from cystathionine beta-synthase heterozygous knockout ( ) mice with a high-methionine diet using lncRNA microarray.

Interaction between PSMD10 and GRP78 accelerates endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated hepatic apoptosis induced by homocysteine.

Background: The liver plays an important role in production and metabolism of homocysteine (Hcy), which has been reported to be involved in liver injury. In our previous work, we confirm that Hcy can induce liver injury by activating endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. However, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown.

miR-195-3p alleviates homocysteine-mediated atherosclerosis by targeting IL-31 through its epigenetics modifications.

Atherosclerosis is a serious age-related disease, which has a tremendous impact on health care globally. Macrophage inflammation is crucial for the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis, and microRNAs (miRNAs) recently have emerged as potent modulators of inflammation, while the underlying mechanisms of its involvement in homocysteine (Hcy)-mediated macrophage inflammation of atherosclerosis remain largely unknown. Here, we demonstrated that elevated Hcy inhibits the expression of miR-195-3p, which in turn enhances IL-31 expression and thereby causes the secretion of macrophages pro-inflammatory factors IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α and accelerate atherosclerosis.

Homocysteine induces podocyte apoptosis by regulating miR-1929-5p expression through c-Myc, DNMT1 and EZH2.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a common and complex disease in kidneys which has been associated with an increased risk of renal cell carcinoma. Elevated homocysteine (Hcy) levels are known to influence the development and progression of CKD by regulating podocyte injury and apoptosis. To investigate the molecular mechanisms triggered in podocytes by Hcy, we used cbs mice and observed that higher Hcy levels increased the apoptosis rate of podocytes with accompanying glomerular damage.

Variational hysteresis and photoresponse behavior of MAPb(= I, Br, Cl) perovskite single crystals.

High-quality MAPb(= I, Br, Cl) single crystals with a desirable size were grown through an inverse temperature crystallization method. Systematically measurements of current-voltage (-) hysteresis show that the hysteresis is strongly dependent on the measuring protocol, including scan rate and light illumination condition, which reveals the competition of three main factors that influence the charge dynamics in different regimes, defect trap, MAdipoles rotation, and ion migration. In the dark, defect trapping is the dominant charge transport dynamics at low bias in the MAPbI, while the MAdipole rotation is significant in MAPbBr, and ion migration occurs in MAPbCl.

H3K14 hyperacetylation‑mediated c‑Myc binding to the miR‑30a‑5p gene promoter under hypoxia postconditioning protects senescent cardiomyocytes from hypoxia/reoxygenation injury.

Our previous study reported that microRNA (miR)‑30a‑5p upregulation under hypoxia postconditioning (HPostC) exert a protective effect on aged H9C2 cells against hypoxia/reoxygenation injury via DNA methyltransferase 3B‑induced DNA hypomethylation at the miR‑30a‑5p gene promoter. This suggests that miR‑30a‑5p may be a potential preventative and therapeutic target for ischemic heart disease in aged myocardium. The present study aimed to investigate the underlying mechanisms of miR‑30a‑5p transcription in aged myocardium in ischemic heart disease.

[Long non-coding RNA growth arrest specific transcript 5 (lncGAS5) promotes autophagy of hepatocytes induced by homocysteine].

Objective To study the role of long non-coding RNA growth arrest specific transcript 5 (lncGAS5) in the autophagy of hepatocytes induced by homocysteine (Hcy). Methods HL7702 human hepatocyte cells were cultured in vitro and divided into control group and Hcy group. Western blotting was used to detect the expression levels of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3B (LC3B) and P62.

Antisolvent engineering on low-temperature processed CsPbI inorganic perovskites for improved performances of solar cells.

CsPbI inorganic perovskites with ideal bandgap and much enhanced thermal stability compared with organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites, have attracted much interest in the field of solar cells. The performances of solar cells highly depend on the quality of perovskite films, yet the research on fabrication methods of inorganic perovskites is far below that of organic-inorganic hybrid counterparts. Antisolvent engineering is a widely used method in controlling the morphology and crystallinity of organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites.

Identification of potential biomarkers and their clinical significance in gastric cancer using bioinformatics analysis methods.

Background: Alternative splicing (AS) is an important mechanism for regulating gene expression and proteome diversity. Tumor-alternative splicing can reveal a large class of new splicing-associated potential new antigens that may affect the immune response and can be used for immunotherapy.

Methods: The RNA-seq transcriptome data and clinical information of stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) cohort were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database data portal, and data of splicing events were obtained from the SpliceSeq database.

In-situ growth of high-density ultrafine AgPO nanoparticles on 3D TiO hierarchical spheres for enhanced photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants.

Silver phosphate (AgPO, APO) has attracted intense attention as a visible-light-driven photocatalyst, but its large-scale application is limited by severe charge recombination and inevitable photo-corrosion. Various rational APO-based heterostructures composed of APO nanoparticles (NPs) and band-matched semiconductor support are designed to address the above issues. Nevertheless, the size, density, stability, and dispersion of APO NPs are critical challenges for the photocatalytic performance of APO-based photocatalysts.

Interface Defects Passivation and Conductivity Improvement in Planar Perovskite Solar Cells Using NaS-Doped Compact TiO Electron Transport Layers.

Numerous trap states and low conductivity of compact TiO layers are major obstacles for achieving high power conversion efficiency and high-stability perovskite solar cells. Here we report an effective NaS-doped TiO layer, which can improve the conductivity of TiO layers, the contact of the TiO/perovskite interface, and the crystallinity of perovskite layers. Comprehensive investigations demonstrate that Na cations increase the conductivity of TiO layers while S anions change the wettability of TiO layers, thus improving the crystallinity of perovskite layers and passivate defects at the TiO/PVK interface.

DNA Hypomethylation of miR-30a Mediated the Protection of Hypoxia Postconditioning Against Aged Cardiomyocytes Hypoxia/Reoxygenation Injury Through Inhibiting Autophagy.

Background: Ischemic postconditioning (IPostC) is an endogenous protective mechanism to reduce ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. However, whether IPostC protects aged cardiomyocytes against I/R injury is not fully understood. Considering the protective function of microRNA 30a (miR-30a) against ischemia-induced injury in H9C2 cells, its role in the protective effects of IPostC on I/R injury of aged cardiomyocytes was investigated further.

CsPbBr quantum dots assisted crystallization of solution-processed perovskite films with preferential orientation for high performance perovskite solar cells.

The performance of hybrid perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is significantly influenced by the crystallization and morphology of perovskite films. Herein, a novel method of CsPbBr quantum dots (QDs) assisted nucleation is applied to prepare high quality solution-processed methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI) films by employing CsPbBr QDs as an additive into diethyl ether anti-solvent. The appropriate amount of CsPbBr QDs can act as effective heterogeneous nucleation centers, leading to the formation of smooth and pinhole-free perovskite films with increased grain size.