Carnitine palmitoyltransferase-II inactivity promotes malignant progression of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease liver cancer stem cell activation.

Background: Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is one of the main chronic liver diseases. However, the roles of mitochondrial carnitine palmitoyl transferase-II (CPT-II) downregulation and liver cancer stem cell (LCSC) activation remain to be identified.

Aim: To investigate the dynamic alterations in CPT-II inactivity and LCSC activation during the malignant progression of MAFLD.

CgmiR307 involved in the regulation of Nrf2-dependent oxidative response in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas under high-temperature stress.

miRNA, a type of endogenous small non-coding RNA, is involved in the response to various environmental stresses through post-transcriptional regulation. In the present study, the role of CgmiR307 in the regulation of oxidative response under high-temperature stress by targeting CgNrf2 was investigated in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. The binding site of CgmiR307 were predicted at 1,799-1,818 bp in the 3'-UTR of CgNrf2, and the binding activity of CgmiR307 with the mRNA of CgNrf2 was further proved by the dual-luciferase reporter assay.

1700030J22RIK is essential for sperm flagellar function and male fertility in mice.

Spermiogenesis is an indispensable process occurring during the later stages of spermatogenesis. Despite multiple proteins being associated with spermiogenesis, the molecular mechanisms that control spermiogenesis remain poorly characterized. In this study, we show that 1700030J22RIK is exclusively expressed in the testis of mice and investigate its roles in spermiogenesis using genetic and proteomic approaches.

Zscan4 mediates ubiquitination and degradation of the corepressor complex to promote chromatin accessibility in 2C-like cells.

Zygotic genome activation occurs in two-cell (2C) embryos, and a 2C-like state is also activated in sporadic (~1%) naïve embryonic stem cells in mice. Elevated chromatin accessibility is critical for the 2C-like state to occur, yet the underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive. Zscan4 exhibits burst expression in 2C embryos and 2C-like cells.

The role of CEUS in diagnosing tuberculous abscess of the right diaphragm.

Purpose: To evaluate the diagnostic value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in detecting tuberculous diaphragmatic abscess (TDA) of the right diaphragm and provide a reference for its clinical diagnosis.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 33 patients with right TDA confirmed via surgery and biopsy. The diagnostic accuracy of CEUS and routine ultrasound for detecting right TDA was compared.

Antimicrobial activity of octyl gallate nanoemulsion combined with photodynamic technology and its effect on food preservation.

Photodynamic inactivation, as a safe and effective antimicrobial technology that does not damage the organoleptic properties of the food itself, decreases the use of preservatives and is gradually gaining attention in the food industry. This study selected octyl gallate (OG) as an antimicrobial photosensitizer with eucalyptus oil as the oil phase and prepared it as an octyl gallate nanoemulsion (OG-NE) to ensure the delivery of the photosensitizer. Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus inactivation with the OG-NE combined with photodynamic technology, as well as the effect on the quality of food products, was investigated.

KDM4 Regulates the Glycolysis of Hemocytes in the Immune Priming of .

Immune priming confers a sustained, augmented response of innate immune cells to a secondary challenge, a process that is characteristically reliant on metabolic reprogramming. Recent evidence suggests that histone demethylases play essential roles in the immune priming, while its regulation role in the metabolic reprogramming remains largely unknown. In the present study, the concentration of glucose was significantly down-regulated in the hemocytes of crab after secondary stimulation with , while the expression levels of phosphofructokinase (PFK) pyruvate kinase (PK), hexokinase-2 (HK-2) and Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD), along with the concentrations of lactate and the ratio of NAD/NADH, were elevated.

Hepatocyte HIF-2α Aggravates NAFLD by Inducing Ferroptosis through Increasing Extracellular Iron.

Recent research has illuminated the pivotal role of the hypoxia-inducible factor-2α (HIF-2α) / peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) pathway in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) progression. Meanwhile, HIF-2α was reported that involved in iron regulation, and aberrant iron distribution derived liver lipogenesis. Therefore, we hypothesize that HIF-2a exacerbates fatty liver by affecting iron distribution.

Anti-inflammatory and heat shock protein-inhibiting nanoplatform for synergetic cancer chemo/photothermal therapy.

Photothermal therapy is a novel and promising method for cancer treatment due to its controllable property, noninvasive nature, and high selectivity. Nevertheless, tumor recurrence of inflammatory response and tumor tolerance of heat shock protein over-expression remain serious challenges in current photothermal therapy. Additionally, the high dosage requirement of nanomaterial for optimal imaging and therapeutic effect would result in various side effects, organ excretion burdens, and long-term accumulation in the body.

The ATAC complex represses the transcriptional program of the autophagy-lysosome pathway via its E3 ubiquitin ligase activity.

The Ada two A-containing (ATAC) complex, containing histone acetyltransferases general control non-derepressible 5 (GCN5) or p300/CBP-associated factor (PCAF), has gained recognition as a prominent transcriptional coactivator. Recent revelations unveiled E3 ligase activity present in both GCN5 and PCAF; however, how the dual enzymatic activities of the ATAC complex orchestrate distinct transcriptional programs and signaling networks remains largely elusive. Our study unveils the function of the ATAC complex as a negative regulator of the autophagy-lysosome pathway's transcriptional program by modulating the stability of transcription factors TFE3 and TFEB.

Volatile organic compounds exposure in relation to glucose homeostasis and type 2 diabetes in older adults from the NHANES.

The impact of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) on type 2 diabetes (T2D) among older adults is unknown. The multiple linear regression model and the multiple binary logistic regression were used to evaluate the relationships between mVOCs and glucose homeostasis/T2D, respectively. Among the 19 mVOCs, the higher levels of urinary N-acetyl-S-(2-hydroxypropyl)-L-cysteine (2HPMA, compound CID:44146439) and N-acetyl-S-(2-hydroxypropyl)-L-cysteine (HPMMA, compound CID:107774684) were significantly associated with higher odds of T2D (OR = 1.

Irregular pulsation on 4D-CTA and quantitative wall enhancement on VW-MRI are associated with symptoms of unruptured intracranial aneurysms.

Background: Unruptured intracranial aneurysms (IAs) that become symptomatic have been associated with instability.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between irregular pulsation on four-dimensional CT angiography (4D-CTA) and aneurysm wall enhancement (AWE) on vessel wall MRI (VW-MRI), and to evaluate their ability to identify symptomatic IAs.

Methods: This retrospective study included consecutive patients with IAs who underwent 4D-CTA and VW-MRI between March 2018 and May 2023.

CgANT2 regulates mitophagy of oyster haemocyte response against bacterial stimulation.

Adenine nucleotide translocator (ANT) is a major molecule in the inner membrane of mitochondria that plays an important role in regulating mitophagy. In the present study, a conserved ANT2 homologue (designated as CgANT2) was identified and functionally characterized in oyster Crassostrea gigas. There were three typical Mito_carr tandem repeats in CgANT2.

A Zinc Uptake Transporter ZIP1-II Is Involved in Zinc Accumulation in the Hepatopancreas of Pacific Oyster Crassostrea gigas.

The Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas is known to have an exceptional ability to accumulate zinc, which endows it with robust resistance to pathogens and makes it an excellent source of dietary zinc. ZIP1 has been identified as an important zinc uptake protein in other species, but its role in oysters remains unclear. In the present study, a ZIP1 homologue (CgZIP1-II) of the Zrt/Irt-like protein (ZIP) family was identified in C.

Immune stimulation by inactivated Vibrio splendidus promotes the development and resistance of oyster Crassostrea gigas larvae.

The oyster Crassostrea gigas larvae in embryonic development stage have been suffering high mortality rate during hatching, which have seriously hindered the sustainable development of oyster seedling industry. This study explored the immune protection and developmental effects of priming with inactivated Vibrio splendidus in oyster larvae at middle umbo stage (10 d post fertilization, dpf). The results showed that the immune system of umbo larvae was activated after pre-immune stimulation with inactivated V.

Preparation, characterisation and evaluation of kaempferol phospholipid complex and its application in preventing the deterioration of soybean oil.

This study aims to improve the solubility of kaempferol (KA) by preparing a kaempferol phospholipid complex (KA-PC), which can be applied to prevent soybean oil from spoilage. KA-PC was prepared by solvent evaporation and characterised by FTIR, DSC, and XRD. Furthermore, KA-PC was added to soybean oil and the peroxide value and acid value were determined.

Enhanced dielectric performances of strontium barium titanate nanorod composites via improved interfacial compatibility.

High performance film capacitor has attracted widespread attention due to their increasing applications in electronic devices. However, the insufficient dielectric properties of dielectrics in capacitors severely restrict their practical application. In this work, the dielectric performances of polyarylene ether nitrile (PEN) are effectively enhanced by the synthesizing and employing of carboxylated PEN (CPEN) modified one-dimensional (1D) strontium barium titanate nanorod (BSTNR) (CPEN@BSTNR), as well as applying of hot stretching technique.

Education and metabolic syndrome: a Mendelian randomization study.

Aims: The metabolic syndrome (MetS), a collection of conditions that heighten the risk of disease development and impose economic burdens on patients. However, the causal relationship between education and MetS was uncertain. In this study, the Mendelian randomization (MR) method was employed to elucidate the potential causal link between education and the MetS and its components.

Lactylation of Hdac1 regulated by Ldh prevents the pluripotent-to-2C state conversion.

Background: Cellular metabolism regulates the pluripotency of embryonic stem cells (ESCs). Yet, how metabolism regulates the transition among different pluripotent states remains elusive. It has been shown that protein lactylation, which uses lactate, a metabolic product of glycolysis, as a substrate, plays a critical role in various biological events.

Synergistic enhancement of chemical and electromagnetic effects in a TiCT/AgNPs two-dimensional SERS substrate for ultra-sensitive detection.

Background: It is well established that surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is one of the most commonly used spectral analysis techniques in real-world applications, including chemical and biological sensing, analytical detection, and even forensics. It offers high sensitivity, high resistance to solvents, photobleaching, and limited spectrum bands. In general, SERS is caused by two mechanisms, the electromagnetic enhancement mechanism (EM) and the chemical enhancement mechanism (CM), although the exact mechanism is not yet known.

Relationship between antioxidant activity and ESIPT process based on flavonoid derivatives: A comprehensive analysis.

Antioxidant activity, as a topic of current interest, is discussed together with the excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) process for three flavonoid derivatives, based on density functional theory (DFT)and time-dependent DFT (TD-DFT) methods, as well as DPPH free radical scavenging assay. The potential energy curves and transition states demonstrate that the three molecules can undergo only single proton transfer in the excited state, and all of them are ultrafast ESIPT processes. The absorption spectra of all the molecules show effective protection against UV radiation with low fluorescence intensity, especially Baicalein (Bai), which demonstrates their great potential for sunscreen applications.