Insights into the Electrolyte Hydrolysis and Its Impacts on the Interfacial Chemistry of a Li-Intercalated Anode during High-Temperature Calendar Aging.

Calendar aging occurring during high-temperature storage has long plagued practical realization of long-life, high-safety lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Generally, the aging process is ascribed to the hydrolysis reaction of fluorine-containing electrolyte salt that generates hydrofluoric acid and chemically corrodes the anode surface. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanism about electrolyte degradation, HF generation and surface corrosion remains concealed for various electrolytes.

Facile production of cellulose nanofibers from raw elephant grass by an aluminum chloride-enhanced acidic deep eutectic solvent.

To develop a greener and more efficient method for producing cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) from raw plants, an AlCl-enhanced ternary deep eutectic solvent, DES2 (consisting of choline chloride, citric acid, and AlCl·6HO in a molar ratio of 1:0.4:0.08), was synthesized.

A method combining TA cloning and fluorescence screening for rapid acquisition of transgenic seeds.

The establishment of transgenic plants has greatly promoted the progress of plant research. However, traditional selection methods using antibiotics or herbicides may miss any positive transformants with growth defects. Additionally, screening with antibiotics/herbicides requires a huge amount of seeds, sterile work conditions and a large amount of space to germinate plants, making the selection process time- and labor-consuming.

Overexpression of RASAL1 Indicates Poor Prognosis and Promotes Invasion of Ovarian Cancer.

RAS protein activator like-1 (RASAL1) exists in numerous human tissues and has been commonly demonstrated to act as a tumor suppressor in several cancers. This study aimed to identify the functional characteristics of RASAL1 in ovarian adenocarcinoma and a potential mechanism of action. We analyzed RASAL1 gene expression in ovarian adenocarcinoma samples and normal samples gained from the GEO and Oncomine databases respectively.

[Optimization for phosphorous removal in thickening and dewatering sludge water by polyaluminum chloride].

Based on the comparison of phosphorous removal in sludge water and its supernatant by polyaluminum chloride (PAC), separate and combined effects of Al/P mole ratio, pH and mixing speed (MS) on phosphorus removal by PAC for the supernatant of thickening and dewatering sludge water were analyzed by the response surface methodology (RSM), and kinetics of phosphorous removal by PAC was also investigated. The results showed that direct addition of PAC into sludge water deteriorated its settling characteristics, and suspended solids in the sludge water could decrease the phosphorus removal efficiency. The RSM analysis results demonstrated that the effect of individual operation parameter on phosphorus removal was followed as the order of Al/P > pH > MS, and the optimal process parameters with phosphorus removal efficiency of 97.

Metabolic engineering of Corynebacterium glutamicum for increasing the production of L-ornithine by increasing NADPH availability.

The experiments presented here were based on the conclusions of our previous proteomic analysis. Increasing the availability of glutamate by overexpression of the genes encoding enzymes in the L-ornithine biosynthesis pathway upstream of glutamate and disruption of speE, which encodes spermidine synthase, improved L-ornithine production by Corynebacterium glutamicum. Production of L-ornithine requires 2 moles of NADPH per mole of L-ornithine.

[Modeling and dynamic simulation of the multimode anaerobic/anoxic/aerobic wastewater treatment process].

Mathematical modeling is a useful tool for professional education, process development, design evaluation, operational optimization and automatic control of the wastewater treatment system, and has been extensively applied in numerous full-scale wastewater treatment plants. The ASM2d model was calibrated by the process data, and used to simulate 15 operational test runs of the multimode anaerobic/anoxic/aerobic (AAO) process. After calibration, the model was capable of simulating the sludge concentrations and effluent data in 15 test runs of the multimode AAO system.

Metabolic evolution of Corynebacterium glutamicum for increased production of L-ornithine.

Background: L-ornithine is effective in the treatment of liver diseases and helps strengthen the heart. The commercial applications mean that efficient biotechnological production of L-ornithine has become increasingly necessary. Adaptive evolution strategies have been proven a feasible and efficient technique to achieve improved cellular properties without requiring metabolic or regulatory details of the strain.

Inhibitory Effects of 5-Aza-2'-Deoxycytidine and Trichostatin A in Combination with p53-Expressing Adenovirus on Human Laryngocarcinoma Cells.

Objective: To investigate the effects of 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-Aza-Cdr) and trichostatin A (TSA) combined with p53-expressing adenovirus (Ad-p53) on Hep-2 cell line in vivo and in vitro, in order to explore its possibility in biological treatment of laryngocarcinoma.

Methods: Effects of 5-Aza-Cdr and TSA in combination with Ad-p53 on Hep-2 cell line in vivo were determined by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. The effect of drug combination was calculated by Jin's formula.

[Inhibition of human laryngeal carcinoma growth by gene therapy and epigenetic therapy].

Objective: To observe the effects of gene therapy and epigenetic therapy on the tumor growth of laryngeal carcinoma and the underlying mechanisms.

Methods: The animal model of human laryngeal carcinoma was established by the subcutaneous inoculation of Hep-2 cells at the right armpit of BALB/c nu/nu mice. The tumor-bearing mice were randomized into 4 groups, p53 therapy group(rAd-p53), epigenetic therapy group(5-aza-dC), combination therapy group (rAd-p53+5-aza-dC) and control group.

Polyethylene glycol-directed SnO2 nanowires for enhanced gas-sensing properties.

SnO(2) nanowires with lengths in the tens of micrometres range have been synthesized on a large scale via a facile polyethylene glycol-directed method at ambient temperature followed by a suitable thermal treatment of the precursor nanowires. The morphology of the precursor of the SnO(2) nanowires is tunable by changing the concentration of either SnCl(2) or polyethylene glycol. After calcination, the resulting SnO(2) nanowires retain a similar shape to the precursor, but with hierarchical architecture, which can be considered as one-dimensional nanowires assembled by interconnected SnO(2) nanoparticles with a high surface-to-volume ratio.

LiFePO Nanoparticles Embedded in a Nanoporous Carbon Matrix: Superior Cathode Material for Electrochemical Energy-Storage Devices.

An optimized nanostructure design for high-power, high-energy lithium-ion batteries and supercapacitors is realized by fabricating a nanocomposite with highly dispersed nanoparticles of active materials in a nanoporous carbon matrix. A nano-LiFePO /nanoporous carbon matrix nanocomposite forms a bridge between a supercapacitor and a battery electrode and offers a reasonable compromise between rate and capacity.

Polyploid origins in Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Cucurbitaceae) inferred from multiple gene sequences.

The genus Gynostemma (Cucurbitaceae) constitutes a polyploid group of perennial creeping herbs, in whose evolution polyploidization is a key component. With the largest variety of cytotypes (2n=22, 44, 66 and 88) in Gynostemma, G. pentaphyllum is also the most widespread species in this genus.

[Identification of Gynostemma from their adulterant Cayratia japonica by PCR-RFLP].

Objective: To establish a convenient and effective method for the identification of Gynostemma and Cayratia japonica.

Method: Eight species, including Gynostemm pentaphyllum, G. pentagynum, G.