A novel function for α-synuclein as a regulator of NCK2 in olfactory bulb: implications for its role in olfaction.

To investigate physiological function of α-synuclein is important for understanding its pathophysiological mechanism in synucleinopathies including Parkinson's disease. Employing knockout mice, we found that Snac/α-synuclein deletion induced aberrant projection of olfactory sensory neurons and hyposmia. We identified 9 axon guidance associated differentially expressed proteins using iTRAQ based Liquid Chromatograph Mass Spectrometer.

The value of dual time-point fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose PET/computed tomography imaging in predicting lymph node metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer patients.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze the correlation between specified dual time-point fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose ( 18 F-FDG) PET/computed tomography (CT) imaging parameters and pathological characteristics in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients.

Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed 47 patients with NSCLC. All patients underwent dual time-point 18 F-FDG PET/CT imaging.

Overexpression of tousled-like kinase 2 predicts poor prognosis in HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma patients after radical resection.

Tousled-like kinase 2 (TLK2) is integral to DNA repair, replication, and cell cycle regulation, crucial for maintaining genome stability and integrity. However, the expression and prognostic value of TLK2 in hepatitis B viral (HBV) -related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear. We examined TLK2 expression and prognostic implications in pan-cancer by using diverse databases.

A study on the effect of nutrition education based on the goal attainment theory on oral nutritional supplementation after colorectal cancer surgery.

Objective: To investigate their compliance with postoperative oral nutritional supplementation and nutritional outcomes.

Methods: A total of 84 patients with colorectal cancer surgery with NRS-2002 risk score ≥ 3 who were treated with oral nutritional supplementation were selected and divided into control and observation groups according to the random number table method, with 42 cases in each group. The control group received conventional oral nutritional supplementation and dietary nutrition education; the observation group established a nutrition intervention group based on the Goal Attainment Theory and carried out individualized nutrition education based on the Goal Attainment Theory.

Raloxifene in the Treatment of Osteoporosis in Postmenopausal Women with End-Stage Renal Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

As a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), raloxifene is used in healthy postmenopausal women to prevent bone loss and reduce fractures. However, the benefit of raloxifene is uncertain in the treatment of osteoporosis among patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) or those who require maintenance dialysis. We assessed the safety and efficacy of raloxifene in this particular population.

ABO blood groups and liver cancer: prospective results from an HBsAg cohort study.

Objective: The association between ABO blood group and risk of liver cancer is unclear, although few studies have reported positive results. This study examined the relationship between ABO blood group and liver cancer in hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive individuals.

Design: A high-risk population-based cohort study.

Dose-dependent detoxication of the airborne pollutant benzene in a randomized trial of broccoli sprout beverage in Qidong, China.

Background: Airborne pollutants have collectively been classified as a known human carcinogen and, more broadly, affect the health of hundreds of millions of people worldwide. Benzene is a frequent component of air pollution, and strategies to protect individuals against unavoidable exposure to this and other airborne carcinogens could improve the public's health. Earlier clinical trials in Qidong, China, demonstrated efficacy in enhancing the detoxication of benzene using a broccoli sprout beverage.

Clinical characteristics and electroencephalogram analysis of levetiracetam in the treatment of children with febrile seizure recurrence.

Febrile seizure is the most common neurologic disorder in infants and children. This study aimed to elaborate safe and effective therapy for preventing FS recurrence by levetiracetam (LEV). A prospective study was performed in two groups of children, the no treatment group (n=51, 24.

Genetic Features of Aflatoxin-Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Background & Aims: Dietary exposure to aflatoxin is an important risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, little is known about the genomic features and mutations of aflatoxin-associated HCCs compared with HCCs not associated with aflatoxin exposure. We investigated the genetic features of aflatoxin-associated HCC that can be used to differentiate them from HCCs not associated with this carcinogen.

Adolescent booster with hepatitis B virus vaccines decreases HBV infection in high-risk adults.

Background: Neutralizing antibodies (anti-HBs) after immunization with hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccines against HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) wane after 10-15years. We analyzed the effect of an adolescent booster given to vaccination-protected children born to mothers with different HBsAg-carrying status against HBV infection in their mature adulthood.

Methods: A total of 9793 individuals, who were HBsAg-negative at childhood (baseline) and donated blood samples, both during childhood and adulthood, from the vaccination group in "Qidong Hepatitis B Intervention Study", were enrolled.

Correction: Insights into the unexpected chemoselectivity in Brønsted acid catalyzed cyclization of isatins with enaminones: convenient synthesis of pyrrolo[3,4-c]quinolin-1-ones and spirooxindoles.

Correction for 'Insights into the unexpected chemoselectivity in Brønsted acid catalyzed cyclization of isatins with enaminones: convenient synthesis of pyrrolo[3,4-c]quinolin-1-ones and spirooxindoles' by Hui Xu et al., Chem. Commun.

Insights into the unexpected chemoselectivity in Brønsted acid catalyzed cyclization of isatins with enaminones: convenient synthesis of pyrrolo[3,4-c]quinolin-1-ones and spirooxindoles.

Divergent cascade syntheses constitute a highly attractive and challenging area in synthetic chemistry, and can exhibit unexpected chemoselectivity. Herein, a Brønsted acid-controlled protocol is described for the efficient catalysis of two different reactions, namely acylation cascade- and [1+2+3]-type cyclization of enaminones and isatins for the concise synthesis of highly functionalized pyrrolo[3,4-c]quinolin-1-ones and spirooxindoles in the presence of carboxylic acids and KHSO4, respectively. The observed chemoselectivity was reasonably explained by trapping the intermediate α,β-unsaturated 2-oxindoles, and the source of the hydroxyl group, carbocation intermediate, and amination reaction were also evaluated.

GBA deficiency promotes SNCA/α-synuclein accumulation through autophagic inhibition by inactivated PPP2A.

Loss-of-function mutations in the gene encoding GBA (glucocerebrosidase, β, acid), the enzyme deficient in the lysosomal storage disorder Gaucher disease, elevate the risk of Parkinson disease (PD), which is characterized by the misprocessing of SNCA/α-synuclein. However, the mechanistic link between GBA deficiency and SNCA accumulation remains poorly understood. In this study, we found that loss of GBA function resulted in increased levels of SNCA via inhibition of the autophagic pathway in SK-N-SH neuroblastoma cells, primary rat cortical neurons, or the rat striatum.

Efficacy of neonatal HBV vaccination on liver cancer and other liver diseases over 30-year follow-up of the Qidong hepatitis B intervention study: a cluster randomized controlled trial.

Background: Neonatal hepatitis B vaccination has been implemented worldwide to prevent hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections. Its long-term protective efficacy on primary liver cancer (PLC) and other liver diseases has not been fully examined.

Methods And Findings: The Qidong Hepatitis B Intervention Study, a population-based, cluster randomized, controlled trial between 1985 and 1990 in Qidong, China, included 39,292 newborns who were randomly assigned to the vaccination group in which 38,366 participants completed the HBV vaccination series and 34,441 newborns who were randomly assigned to the control group in which the participants received neither a vaccine nor a placebo.

Maternal transmission risk and antibody levels against hepatitis B virus e antigen in pregnant women.

Background: The generation of antibodies (anti-HBe) against hepatitis B virus (HBV) e antigen (HBeAg) often coincides with clinical remission in chronic HBV patients. We aimed to examine the effect of maternal anti-HBe in protection against HBV mother-to-child transmission (MTCT).

Methods: A total of 140 chronic HBV-infected pregnant women participated in this study.

[Xuefu zhuyu oral liquid intervened stress-stimulated depression model rats].

Objective: To observe effects of xuefu zhuyu Oral Liquid (XZOL) on the brain behavior and monoamine neurotransmitter 5-HT, and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) content on depression model rats.

Methods: Male SD rats were randomly divided into the control group, the model group, the XZOL group, and the Deanxit Tablet group, 12 in each group. The depressive rat model was established by chronic unpredictable mild stress method.

[SUDHL-4 cell culture in vitro and establishment of mouse tumor model].

This study was designed to investigate the biological and immunological characteristics of a human diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) cell line SUDHL-4, and to establish a mouse model for human DLBCL. SUDHL-4 cells were cultured under different conditions. The morphology and in vitro expression of B-cell and tumor-related markers were detected by microscopy and flow cytometry respectively.

Presence of immune memory and immunity to hepatitis B virus in adults after neonatal hepatitis B vaccination.

Neonatal vaccination against hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection was launched in the 1980s in Qidong, China, where HBV and hepatocellular carcinoma were highly prevalent. Presence of immune memory and immunity against HBV in adults needs to be clarified. From a cohort of 806 who received plasma-derived Hep-B-Vax as neonates and were consecutively followed at ages 5, 10, and 20 years, 402 twenty-four-year-old adults were recruited for booster test.

[Clinical study on childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia diagnosed and treated with 04 Protocol in Chongqing, China].

Objective: To analyze the clinical and laboratory data from acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients and the results of treatment using 04 Protocol (suggested by the Pediatric Hematology Group of Chinese Medical Association in 2004).

Methods: This study included 88 children with ALL below the age of 18 years during the period from October 1, 2004 to June 30, 2007. Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and clinical risk classification were done and the new chemotherapy regimen was used according to the protocol.

Influence of metal ions on the interaction between gatifloxacin and calf thymus DNA.

To study the interaction between gatifloxacin (GT), metal ions (Cu(2+), Cd(2+), Co(2+), Mg(2+)) and calf thymus DNA under condition of physiology pH, UV absorption and fluorescence methods were adopted. Result shows that metal ions and DNA are able to react with GT in ground state. In further research, by studying the influence of metal ions on binding of GT with DNA in metal ions-GT-DNA ternary system, we found that influential mechanism of Mg(2+) on the binding of GT with DNA may be different from the other three.

Astrocytes protect MN9D neuronal cells against rotenone-induced oxidative stress by a glutathione-dependent mechanism.

Astrocytes maintain homeostasis of neuronal microenvironment, provide metabolic and trophic support to neurons and modulate neuronal responses to injury. Rotenone specifically inhibits mitochondrial complex I, and long exposure to rotenone may increase the risk for Parkinson's disease (PD) and cause Parkinsonism. However, little is known about the role of astrocytes in the process of rotenone-induced dopaminergic neuron injury.