Optimization of cellulase mixture for efficient hydrolysis of steam-exploded corn stover by statistically designed experiments.

To improve the enzymatic hydrolytic efficiency and reduce production cost, a statistically designed experimental approach was used to optimize the composition of cellulase mixture so as to maximize the amount of glucose produced from steam-exploded corn stover (SECS). Using seven purified enzymes (cellobiohydrolases, Cel7A, Cel6A, Cel6B; endoglucanases, Cel7B, Cel12A, Cel61A; and beta-glucosidase) from Trichoderma viride T 100-14 mutant strain, a multi-enzyme mixture was constituted after screening and optimization. The final optimal composition (mol%) of the multi-enzyme mixture was Cel7A (19.

Improvement of innate immune responses and defense activity in mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) by oral administration of beta-glucan.

The beta-glucan (BG), extracted from Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell wall, was orally administrated to the mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) at 0, 1, 5 and 10 g BG/kg diet for 28 days, followed by a challenge with Vibrio mimicus by intramuscular injection. Growth, phenoloxidase, superoxide dismutase, acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase activity were monitored after 14 and 28 days. The results showed an immunomodulatory effect and protection against V.