Resveratrol improves diabetes-induced cognitive dysfunction in part through the miR-146a-5p/TXNIP axis.

Resveratrol (RSV) has been shown to have a neuroprotective effect in various central nervous system disorders, although the role of RSV in diabetes-induced cognitive dysfunction is still not fully elucidated. Here, we investigated whether RSV improved diabetes-related cognitive dysfunction in vivo and in vitro. We induced a rat diabetic model with a high-fat and high-sucrose diet followed by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin and a diabetic neuron cell model by stimulation with high levels of glucose.

Extract of spores induces cell cycle arrest of hepatoma cell via endoplasmic reticulum stress.

Context: Zhao, Xu et Zhang (Ganodermataceae) has been used for the prevention or treatment of a variety of diseases, including cancer.

Objective: We investigated the antitumor activity and mechanism of an extract from against hepatocellular carcinoma.

Materials And Methods: A extract (GSE) was obtained from sporoderm-broken spores by supercritical fluid carbon dioxide extraction.

Targeting adenosinergic pathway enhances the anti-tumor efficacy of sorafenib in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Sorafenib is the most widely used first-line treatment for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but such treatment provides only limited survival benefits that might be related to the immune status of distinct tumor microenvironments. A fundamental understanding of the distribution and phenotypes of T lymphocytes in tumors will undoubtedly lead to the development of novel immunotherapeutic strategies that could possibly enhance the efficacy of sorafenib treatments.

Methods: Flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence analyses were performed to detect the infiltration and distribution of various leukocyte populations, and the expression of different immune checkpoint molecules in fresh HCC tumor tissues.

Safety and Efficacy of Placenta-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Treatment for Diabetic Patients with Critical Limb Ischemia: A Pilot Study.

Aim: Diabetic foot has become the main cause of non-traumatic amputation. Stem cell therapy, especially mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), holds a great promise as a therapy for diabetic foot with ischemia limb arterial disease. The aim of this pilot study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of placenta-derived MSCs (P-MSCs) treatment for diabetic patients with critical limb ischemia (CLI).

MicroRNA-155 inhibition attenuates endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis following myocardial infarction via reducing macrophage inflammation.

Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis plays an important role in the pathological process following myocardial infarction (MI). Macrophages that express microRNA-155 (miR-155) mediate cardiac inflammation, fibrosis, and hypertrophy. Therefore, we investigated if miR-155 regulates ERS-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis after MI using a mouse model, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced rat bone marrow derived macrophages (BMDMs)and hypoxia-induced neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCMs).

Glycolytic activation of peritumoral monocytes fosters immune privilege via the PFKFB3-PD-L1 axis in human hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background & Aims: Programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression on antigen-presenting cells is essential for T cell impairment, and PD-L1-expressing macrophages may mechanistically shape and therapeutically predict the clinical efficacy of PD-L1 or programmed cell death 1 blockade. We aimed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying PD-L1 upregulation in human tumor microenvironments, which remain poorly understood despite the clinical success of immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Methods: Monocytes/macrophages were purified from peripheral blood, non-tumor, or paired tumor tissues of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and their possible glycolytic switch was evaluated.

Involvement of histone hypoacetylation in INH-induced rat liver injury.

This study explores the mechanism of histone acetylation under the effect of oxidative stress in rat liver injury induced by isoniazid (INH). Fifty-six adult SD rats were selected and divided randomly into INH groups (48) and control (8). Rats in INH groups were intragastrically injected with 55 mg kg day for 3, 7, 10, 14, 21, and 28 days, and control rats were given an equal volume of distilled water.

Insulin autoimmune syndrome in a pregnant female: A rare case report.

Rationale: Insulin autoimmune syndrome (IAS) is an uncommon disorder characterized by hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia related to insulin-binding autoantibodies. To the best of our knowledge, we report the first case of a pregnant female with IAS.

Patient Concerns: The 26-year-old patient with Graves disease and 10 weeks pregnant developed IAS after approximately 6 months treatment with methimazole.

[Progress of regulation of leukemia stem cells of chronic myeloid leukemia by autophagy].

Leukemia stem cells (LSC) that were found in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) responsible for the abnormal proliferation with the potential of self-renewal and multi-directional differentiation are involved in the pathophysiological process for drug resistance and relapse of CML. Autophagy, a conservative lysosomal degradation process that mediates cell degradation and recycling process, plays crucial roles in maintaining the homeostasis and function of intracellular environment. Recent studies suggested that autophagy is involved in the regulation of LSC differentiation and also closely related to the chemo-sensitivity of CML.

[Plasma mannan?binding lectin and MBL?associated serine protease 2 in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma].

Objective: To detect the plasma levels of mannan?binding lectin (MBL) and MBL?associated serine protease?2 (MASP-2) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and explore their role in the tumorigenesis and progression of HCC.

Methods: The plasma levels of MBL and MASP?2 were detected by enzyme?linked immunosorbent assay in 64 HCC patients and 30 healthy control subjects. The correlation of MBL and MASP?2 with the clinical parameters of HCC patients were analyzed.

Metformin Use Is Associated with Reduced Incidence and Improved Survival of Endometrial Cancer: A Meta-Analysis.

Studies have suggested that metformin can potentially decrease the incidence of cancer and improve survival outcomes. However, the association between metformin use and the incidence and survival of endometrial cancer (EC) remains controversial. So, a meta-analysis was performed.

A supercritical-CO2 extract of Ganoderma lucidum spores inhibits cholangiocarcinoma cell migration by reversing the epithelial-mesenchymal transition.

Background: Ganoderma lucidum (G. lucidum) is an oriental medical mushroom that has been widely used in Asian countries for centuries to prevent and treat different diseases, including cancer.

Hypothesis/purpose: The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of A supercritical-CO2 extract of G.

Polymorphism 2184A/G in the AGER gene is not associated with diabetic retinopathy in Han Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes.

Objective: To assess the association between the 2184A/G polymorphism in the advanced glycosylation end product-specific receptor (AGER) gene and the susceptibility to diabetic retinopathy (DR) in Han Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: This cross-sectional genotyping study included patients with T2DM with and without DR. Genotype and allele frequencies of the 2184A/G polymorphism were detected using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment-length polymorphism analysis.

Association of 2184AG Polymorphism in the RAGE Gene with Diabetic Nephropathy in Chinese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.

Objective: The interaction between advanced glycation end products and their cellular receptor (RAGE) has an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetic microvascular complications. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the 2184A/G polymorphism in the RAGE gene and diabetic nephropathy in Chinese Han patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Methods: A total of 868 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (486 without and 382 with diabetic nephropathy) were enrolled in this study.

Effects of 90-Day Feeding of Transgenic Maize BT799 on the Reproductive System in Male Wistar Rats.

BT799 is a genetically modified (GM) maize plant that expresses the Cry1Ac gene from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt). The Cry1Ac gene was introduced into maize line Zhen58 to encode the Bt crystal protein and thus produce insect-resistant maize BT799. Expression of Bt protein in planta confers resistance to Lepidopteran pests and corn rootworms.

Serum advanced glycation end products are associated with insulin resistance in male nondiabetic patients with obstructive sleep apnea.

Purpose: Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) play an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetic vascular complications. Recently, growing evidence has shown that AGEs could be involved in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance. It has also been suggested that circulating AGE are associated with insulin resistance in nondiabetic patients.

A combined experimental and computational investigation on the unusual molecular mechanism of the Lossen rearrangement reaction activated by carcinogenic halogenated quinones.

The classic Lossen rearrangement is a well-known reaction describing the transformation of an O-activated hydroxamic acid into the corresponding isocyanate. In this study, we found that chlorinated benzoquinones (CnBQ) serve as a new class of agents for the activation of benzohydroxamic acid (BHA), leading to Lossen rearrangement. Compared to the classic one, this new kind of CnBQ-activated Lossen rearrangement has the following unique characteristics: (1) The stability of CnBQ-activated BHA intermediates was found to depend not only on the degree but also on the position of Cl-substitution on CnBQs, which can be divided into two subgroups.

MicroRNA-17, 20a regulates the proangiogenic function of tumor-associated macrophages via targeting hypoxia-inducible factor 2α.

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) constitute a major component of the leukocyte infiltrate of most solid tumors, and they usually exhibit a proangiogenic phenotype which facilitates tumor growth in most circumstances. However, the precise mechanisms regulating the proangiogenic properties of TAMs remain largely unclear. In the present study, we found that the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 2α (HIF-2α) was significantly up-regulated in macrophages from tumor tissues of several solid tumors.

[HIV-1 infection changes miRNA expression profile in the whole blood].

To describe the unique miRNA profiles for HIV seropositive individuals and identify significantly differently expressed miRNAs, we determined the expression level of 754 miRNAs of 10 HIV seropositive individuals and 10 HIV seronegative individuals by using the Taqman low density microRNA array. BRB-Array Tool was used to conduct the significance analysis, and the DIANA online tool was used to perform the miRNA target prediction and pathway analysis. A total of 56 significantly differentially expressed miRNAs were identified by microarray between HIV seropositive and seronegative individuals.

[Sediment heavy metals quality criteria for fresh waters based on biological effect database approach].

Heavy metals are the important pollutants in sediments, which can cause serious damage to benthonic organisms and aquatic ecology, while biological effect database approach (BEDA) is a widely used method for assessing sediment quality in developed countries or regions. This paper introduced the concrete steps of this approach, and built the sediment quality criteria of five heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, and Ni) for fresh waters. The comparability, reliability, and predictability of the criteria were also tested.

[Adsorption and desorption of dyes by waste-polymer-derived activated carbons].

Mesoporous activated carbons with high surface area were prepared from three waste polymers, i. e., tire rubber, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polyethyleneterephtalate (PET), by KOH activation.

Interleukin-17-educated monocytes suppress cytotoxic T-cell function through B7-H1 in hepatocellular carcinoma patients.

Substantial evidence indicates that inflammation is a critical component of tumor progression. The proinflammatory IL-17-producing cells have recently been detected in tumors, but the effect of IL-17 on antigen-presenting cells in tumors is presently unknown. We recently found that B7-H1(+) macrophages (Mφs) were enriched predominantly in the peritumoral stroma of hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs).

Fast analysis of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in eggs using selective pressurized liquid extraction coupled with online GPC-GC/MS.

This article reports the applicability of online gel permeation chromatography (GPC)-GC/MS for the determination of seven predominant polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in eggs to effectively eliminate matrix interference. Selective pressurized liquid extraction using acidic alumina as a fat retainer was used for cleanup of the PBDEs in eggs. It was selected because of its advantages: simpler operation, minimum time spent on sample handing to get fat-free extracts, and low volume of solvent consumption.

Tumor-activated monocytes promote expansion of IL-17-producing CD8+ T cells in hepatocellular carcinoma patients.

The proinflammatory IL-17-producing CD8(+) T cells (Tc17 cells) have recently been detected in tumors, but the nature and regulation of these cells in human tumors are presently unknown. We have recently found that IL-17(+) cells are accumulated in human hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC), where they promote disease progression by fostering angiogenesis. In this study, we showed that Tc17 cells constitute a remarkable portion of IL-17-producing cells in human HCC.