Neuroprotective effect of GJ-4 against cognitive impairments in vascular dementia by improving white matter damage.

Background: White matter lesions (WMLs) are increasingly linked to the pathological process of chronic vascular dementia (VaD). An effective crocins fraction extracted from Gardenia Fructus, GJ-4, has been shown to improve cognitive function in several Alzheimer's disease models and VaD models.

Objectives: To explore the potential mechanisms of GJ-4 on WMLs in a chronic VaD mouse model.

Systematically identifying the anti-inflammatory constituents of Cimicifuga dahurica by UPLC-Q/TOF-MS combined with network pharmacology analysis.

Cimicifuga dahurica (Turcz.) Maxim, which is also regarded as the main origin of "Shengma" in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, has been used as a cooling and detoxification agent for thousands of years. Our previous phytochemical investigations of C.

Metabolic profiles of Jin-hong tablets in rats by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry.

Jin-hong tablets (JHTs), a well-known traditional Chinese patent medicine (TCPM), have been effectively used for the treatment of chronic superficial gastritis (CSG). The metabolic profile of TCPMs is performed to determine their bioactive components. In this study, a five-step strategy based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry and metabolynx™ software combined with mass defect filter technique was developed to delineate the metabolic profile of JHT in vivo.

Two new iridoid glycosides from the fruit of .

Two new iridoid glycosides, 2'---coumaroylgardoside (), and 6'--caffeoylioxide (), were isolated from the fruit of . The structures of these compounds were elucidated based on spectroscopic analysis (HR-ESI-MS, NMR) and chemical methods. The anti-inflammatory activities of the isolates were evaluated by measuring their inhibitory effects on PGE production in LPS stimulated RAW 264.

A new nitrogen-containing iridoid glycoside from .

A new nitrogen-containing iridoid glycoside, named (7 ,3'-lonijapospiroside A (), together with thirteen known iridoid glycosides, were isolated from the flower buds of . The structures of these compounds were established on the basis of spectroscopic analyses. Among them, compounds are four diastereoisomers, and their absolute configurations were accurately established by the NOE spectra as well as comparison of their experimental and calculated ECD spectra.

Three new cycloart-7-ene triterpenoid glycosides from and their anti-inflammatory effects.

Ten cycloart-7-ene triterpenoid glycosides, including three new compounds (-), were isolated from the roots of . Their structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analyses, chemical methods and comparison with literatures. In addition, the isolates were evaluated for their inhibitory effects on the production of NO, as well as the expressions of iNOS and COX-2 in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.