Xiao Jianzhong Granules (XJZG), a well-known traditional prescription with protective effects on the gastric mucosa, as documented in the Treatise on Typhoid and Miscellaneous Diseases. Clinical studies have proven that XJZG exhibits significant anti-colitis properties and effectively alleviates duodenal ulcers. However, despite its clinical popularity, comprehensive studies on its chemical composition and in vivo metabolism remain limited.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProg Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry
March 2025
Exposure to the estrogenic pollutant bisphenol A (BPA) during pregnancy and early childhood is a risk factor for numerous neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders in humans. To understand why early BPA exposure is associated with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD), we have analyzed a series of zebrafish behaviors, neurodevelopmental process, and gene expression profiles, after a moderate level of estrogen (17β-estradiol, E, as a positive control) and BPA treatments during embryogenesis (2-48 h post fertilization). E exposure-caused hyperactivity was likely due to elevated expression of cyp19a1b since blocking aromatase activity rescued the defect.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFQuantifying mRNA is crucial for elucidating the physiological condition of organisms in life science research and clinical diagnostics. Recently, nanopore technology has been demonstrated as a versatile tool with a myriad of applications and successful implementations for genomic analyte identification. However, its application in mRNA quantification encounters challenges such as the presence of numerous background species, low expression levels, and complex mRNA structures.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Transformer-based large language models (LLMs) have transformed the field of natural language processing and led to significant advancements in various text processing tasks. However, the applicability of these LLMs in identifying related drug-adverse event (AE) pairs within clinical context may be limited by the prevalent use of non-standard sentence structures and grammar.
Method: Nine transformer-based LLMs pre-trained on biomedical domain corpora are fine-tuned on annotated data (n = 5088) to classify drug-AE pairs in unstructured discharge summaries as causally related or unrelated.
Background: Aerobic exercise training can promote the recovery of learning and memory ability in Alzheimer's disease (AD), but the specific mechanism is still unclear. Previous studies have suggested that aquaporin-4 (AQP4)-mediated glymphatic system is an important way to clear β-amyloid (Aβ) in the brain, which is closely related to learning and memory impairment in AD. However, it remains unclear whether AQP4 regulates glymphatic clearance of Aβ which contributes to the beneficial effects of aerobic exercise in AD patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAs the aging process accelerates and living conditions improve, central nervous system (CNS) diseases have become a major public health problem. Diseases of the CNS cause not only gray matter damage, which is primarily characterized by the loss of neurons, but also white matter damage. However, most previous studies have focused on grey matter injury (GMI), with fewer studies on white matter injury (WMI).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMalignant neoplasms arise within a region of chronic inflammation caused by tissue injuries. Inflammation is a key factor involved in all aspects of tumorigenesis including initiation, proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Interleukin-1 (IL-1) plays critical functions in tumor development with influencing the tumor microenvironment and promoting cancer progression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe escalating discharge of textile wastewater with plenty of dye and salt has resulted in serious environmental risks. Membranes assembled from two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials with many tunable interlayer spacings are promising materials for dye/salt separation. However, the narrow layer spacing and tortuous interlayer transport channels of 2D-material-based membranes limit the processing capacity and the permeability of small salt ions for efficient dye/salt separation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTransfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) is a potentially lethal complication of blood transfusions, characterized by the rapid onset of pulmonary edema and hypoxemia within six hours post-transfusion. As one of the primary causes of transfusion-related mortality, TRALI carries a significant mortality rate of 6-12%. However, effective treatment strategies for TRALI are currently lacking, underscoring the urgent need for a comprehensive and in-depth understanding of its pathogenesis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFParkinson's disease (PD), a neurodegenerative disorder without cure, is characterized by the pathological aggregation of α-synuclein (α-Syn) in Lewy bodies. Classic deposition pathway and condensation pathway contribute to α-Syn aggregation, and liquid-liquid phase separation is the driving force for condensate formation, which subsequently undergo liquid-solid phase separation to form toxic fibrils. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has a long history in treating neurodegenerative disease; herein, we identified chemicals from herbs that inhibit α-Syn aggregation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: The population is heterogeneous with varying levels of healthcare needs. Clustering individuals into health segments with more homogeneous healthcare needs allows for better understanding and monitoring of health profiles in the population, which can support data-driven resource allocation.
Methods: Using the developed criteria, data from several of Singapore's national administrative datasets were used to classify individuals into the various health segments.
Accurate identification of cancer cells under complex physiological environments holds great promise for noninvasive diagnosis and personalized medicine. Herein, we developed dual-aptamer-based DNA logic-gated series lamp probes (Apt-SLP) by coupling a DNA cell-classifier (DCC) with a self-powered signal-amplifier (SSA), enabling rapid and sensitive identification of cancer cells in a blood sample. DCC is endowed with two extended-aptamer based modules for recognizing the two cascade cell membrane receptors and serves as a DNA logic gate to pinpoint a particular and narrow subpopulation of cells from a larger population of similar cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAims: Nicotine-exacerbated atherosclerosis significantly increases global mortality. Endothelial cells, which line the interior of blood vessels, are crucial for maintaining vascular function. How nicotine is involved in vascular remodeling in atherosclerosis via modulating endothelial dysfunction remains unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSelf-healing cement takes advantage of microbial induced carbonate precipitation (MICP), a meritorious biological process, to achieve automatic healing of cement cracks. In this study, two beneficial factors, optimization of the bacteria culture medium and encapsulation of bacterial spores, were used to improve the MICP efficiency of Sporosarcina pasteurii in self-healing cement. On the one hand, in medium optimization, we compared the growth of Sporosarcina pasteurii fed with two generally used nitrogen sources, e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTaste quality is one of the most important indicators for assessing the quality of rice. However, there has been a lack of systematic studies investigating the impact factors of taste quality. In this study, chromosomal segment substitution lines (CSSLs) with notable differences in physicochemical properties were obtained by screening the CSSL population.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSensors (Basel)
October 2024
Road roughness significantly impacts vehicle safety and dynamic responses. For nonlinear suspension systems, the nonlinear characteristics often make it challenging for estimators to identify the actual road roughness accurately. This paper proposes a hybrid road roughness identification algorithm based on nonlinear auto-regressive with exogenous inputs (NARX) and a process noise adaptive square root cubature Kalman filter (PASCKF) to address this issue.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSeveral lines of evidence implicate that chronic periodontitis (CP) increases the risk of mental illnesses, such as anxiety and depression, yet, the associated molecular mechanism for this remains poorly defined. Here, it is reported that mice subjected to CP exhibited depression-like behaviors and hippocampal memory deficits, accompanied by synapse loss and neurogenesis impairment in the hippocampus. RNA microarray analysis disclosed that albumin D-site-binding protein (DBP) is identified as the most prominently upregulated target gene following CP, and in vivo and in vitro immunofluorescence methods showed that DBP is preferentially expressed in microglia but not neurons or astrocytes in the hippocampus.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMethyl-CpG binding protein 2 (MeCP2) is an important X-linked DNA methylation reader and a key heterochromatin organizer. The expression level of MeCP2 is crucial, as indicated by the observation that loss-of-function mutations of MECP2 cause Rett syndrome, whereas an extra copy spanning the MECP2 locus results in MECP2 duplication syndrome, both being progressive neurodevelopmental disorders. Our previous study demonstrated that MeCP2 protein expression is rapidly induced by renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) and protects the kidney from IRI through transcriptionally repressing the interleukin-6 (IL-6)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 signaling pathway.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGATA transcription factors are an important class of transcription factors in plants, known for their roles in tissue development, signal transduction, and responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. To date, there have been no reports on the gene family in melon (). In this study, 24 genes were identified from the melon genome.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTransfusion-related lung injury (TRALI) poses a significant risk following blood transfusion and remains the primary cause of transfusion-related morbidity and mortality, primarily driven by the activation of immune cells through anti-major histocompatibility complex class I (anti-MHC I) antibody. However, it remains to be defined how immune microenvironmental cue contributes to TRALI. Here, we uncover that activated mast cells within the immune microenvironment promote lung inflammation and injury in antibody-mediated TRALI, both in vitro and in vivo.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To evaluate the efficacy of EECP in the prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).
Methods: A prospective trial was undertaken in the participants. A total of 280 patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of <60 ml/min/1.
Plant Biotechnol J
January 2025