New macular findings in individuals with biallelic KLHL7 gene mutation.

Objective: The ubiquitin-proteasome system pathway has been recognised as a crucial cellular mechanism for the proper function of photoreceptor cells. In particular, ubiquitin ligases (E3s) recognise and ubiquitinate specific proteins for degradation. The KLHL7 protein (a BTB-Kelch protein) has been found to play an important role in this process.

A review and update on the ophthalmic implications of Susac syndrome.

Susac syndrome is a rare condition presumed to be immune-mediated occlusion of small arterial vasculature principally of the brain, inner ear, and retina. Clinically, the syndrome manifests as a pathognomonic triad of encephalopathy, hearing loss, and branch retinal artery occlusion. Early recognition and diagnosis is important as delayed treatment may be profound and result in deafness, blindness, dementia, and other neurological deficits.

Clinicopathologic Correlation of Lens Epithelial Metaplasia and Late Intraocular Lens Dislocation After Repair of Retinal Detachment.

Importance: In-the-bag intraocular lens dislocation is an uncommon but serious complication of cataract surgery in patients with previous repair of retinal detachment. The causative mechanism is currently unknown. We report histologic findings from a retrospective case series from 1993 to 2010 and suggest a possible mechanism to explain this association.

A prospective randomised controlled clinical trial comparing a combination of repeated intravitreal Ozurdex and macular laser therapy versus macular laser only in centre-involving diabetic macular oedema (OZLASE study).

Background/aims: To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of combined repeated Ozurdex and macular laser therapy (MLT) compared with MLT monotherapy in participants with visual impairment due to centre-involving diabetic macular oedema (DMO).

Methods: 80 patients with best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) between 54 and 78 ETDRS letters due to centre-involving DMO were randomised to combination therapy with Ozurdex and MLT or MLT only. The combination arm received mandated Ozurdex injections at baseline and 16 weeks followed by retreatment criteria-guided pro-re-nata therapy at 32 and 48 weeks.

Interobserver agreement in detecting spectral-domain optical coherence tomography features of diabetic macular edema.

Purpose: To evaluate interobserver agreement for the detection of spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SDOCT) features of diabetic macular edema (DME).

Method: Cross-sectional study in which 2 retinal specialists evaluated SDOCT scans from eyes receiving treatment for DME. Scans from 50 eyes with DME of 39 patients were graded for features of DME including intra-retinal fluid (IRF), diffuse retinal oedema (DRE), hyper-reflective foci (HRF), subretinal fluid (SRF), macular fluid and vitreomacular traction (VMT).

Injection frequency and response to bevacizumab monotherapy for diabetic macular oedema (BOLT Report 5).

Aims: To explore the parameters that influence injection frequency in patients treated with intravitreal bevacizumab (ivB) for diabetic macular oedema. Injection frequency was considered as a surrogate marker of persistent or recurrent oedema.

Methods: A post hoc analysis of the patients randomised to the ivB arm of a prospective, randomised controlled trial (A prospective randomized trial of intravitreal bevacizumab or laser therapy in the management of diabetic macular edema (BOLT study)) was done to assess the factors that may determine the injection frequency at 12 and 24 months.

Age-related macular degeneration and modification of systemic complement factor H production through liver transplantation.

Purpose: To investigate whether modification of liver complement factor H (CFH) production, by alteration of liver CFH Y402H genotype through liver transplantation (LT), influences the development of age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Design: Multicenter, cross-sectional study.

Participants: We recruited 223 Western European patients ≥ 55 years old who had undergone LT ≥ 5 years previously.

Treatment of recurrent vulvo-vaginal candidiasis with sustained-released butoconazole pessary.

Vulvo-vaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a common infection among women. 5% of women with acute infection experience recurrent vulvo-vaginal candidiasis (RVVC). There is currently no optimal or recommended regime for RVVC.

Repeatability of Spectralis OCT measurements of macular thickness and volume in diabetic macular edema.

Purpose: We estimated coefficients of repeatability for Spectralis optical coherence tomography (OCT)-derived automated retinal thickness and volume measurements in subjects with center-involving diabetic macular edema (DME).

Methods: A total of 50 eyes of 50 consecutive patients with center-involving DME underwent four consecutive "fast" volume scans at a single session using one OCT device operated by one of two experienced operators. Bland-Altman coefficients of repeatability (CR) were calculated for automated retinal thickness measurements in the nine Early Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) subfields, center point thickness, and total macular volume.

Retinal vascular calibre, geometry and progression of diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Purpose: To determine whether changes in retinal vascular calibre and geometry are associated with progression of diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Procedures: The retinal vascular calibre and geometry of 30 subjects with more than 20 years of diagnosed T2D with no retinopathy (NR) were compared to 30 subjects that progressed to proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). The images of PDR subjects included in this study were those obtained before the onset of retinopathy.