Transformation of A1/A2 Astrocytes Participates in Brain Ischemic Tolerance Induced by Cerebral Ischemic Preconditioning via Inhibiting NDRG2.

Cerebral ischemic preconditioning (CIP) has been shown to improve brain ischemic tolerance against subsequent lethal ischemia. Reactive astrocytes play important roles in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion. Recent studies have shown that reactive astrocytes can be polarized into neurotoxic A1 phenotype (C3d) and neuroprotective A2 phenotype (S100A10).

The Role of Astrocytic Mitochondria in the Pathogenesis of Brain Ischemia.

The morbidity rate of ischemic stroke is increasing annually with the growing aging population in China. Astrocytes are ubiquitous glial cells in the brain and play a crucial role in supporting neuronal function and metabolism. Increasing evidence shows that the impairment or loss of astrocytes contributes to neuronal dysfunction during cerebral ischemic injury.

Multiparametric cardiac magnetic resonance reveals persistent myocardial inflammation in patients with exertional heat illness.

Objectives: To explore the clinical potential of multiparametric cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) in evaluating myocardial inflammation in patients with exertional heat illness (EHI).

Methods: This prospective study enrolled 28 males with EHI (18 patients with exertional heat exhaustion (EHE) and 10 with exertional heat stroke (EHS)) and 18 age-matched male healthy controls (HC). All subjects underwent multiparametric CMR, and 9 patients had follow-up CMR measurements 3 months after recovery from EHI.

Paxillin is a potential prognostic biomarker associated with immune cell infiltration in ovarian cancer.

Objective: To investigate the expression, prognosis, and underlying mechanism of Paxillin (PXN) in ovarian cancer.

Materials And Methods: By comprehensive use of various bioinformatics tools, we analyzed the expression of PXN and its prognostic value in ovarian cancer. Then, the enrichment analyses were conducted to determine the possible regulatory pathways PXN involved in ovarian cancer.

The Regulation of Autophagy by p38 MAPK-PPARγ Signaling During the Brain Ischemic Tolerance Induced by Cerebral Ischemic Preconditioning.

Several studies indicated that autophagy activation participates in brain ischemic tolerance (BIT) induced by cerebral ischemic preconditioning (CIP). However, the mechanism of autophagy activation during the process still remains unclear. The present study aimed to evaluate the role of p38 MAPK-peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) signaling cascade in autophagy during the CIP-induced BIT.

Klotho Upregulation via PPARγ Contributes to the Induction of Brain Ischemic Tolerance by Cerebral Ischemic Preconditioning in Rats.

Cerebral ischemic preconditioning (CIP)-induced brain ischemic tolerance protects neurons from subsequent lethal ischemic insult. However, the specific mechanisms underlying CIP remain unclear. In the present study, we explored the hypothesis that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) participates in the upregulation of Klotho during the induction of brain ischemic tolerance by CIP.

An effective solution to simultaneously analyze size, mass and number concentration of polydisperse nanoplastics in a biological matrix: asymmetrical flow field fractionation coupled with a diode array detector and multiangle light scattering.

To accurately understand the biological pollution level and toxicity of polydisperse nanoplastics, an effective solution is presented to separate polydisperse nanoplastics and detect their size, mass and number concentration in a biological matrix by asymmetrical flow field fractionation coupled with a diode array detector and a multiangle light scattering detector.

Left ventricular strain derived from computed tomography feature tracking: Determinants of failure and reproducibility.

Objectives: To evaluate the determinants of failure rate and reproducibility of computed tomography feature tracking (CT-FT) derived left ventricular (LV) strain.

Methods: Subjects who underwent retrospectively electrocardiogram gated coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) were included in this study. CCTA image quality and strain curve were visually evaluated to determine whether the images were optimal for CT-FT strain analysis.

Long-term carbon black inhalation induced the inflammation and autophagy of cerebellum in rats.

Carbon black (CB) has been demonstrated to have adverse effects on the lung tissue. Few studies explored the effects of CB on the cerebellum, widely recognized to contribute to gait and balance coordination and timing in the motor domain. Some studies have reported that inflammatory response and damaged autophagy are important mechanisms of CB toxicity and can be repaired after the recovery.

The p38 MAPK/NF-κB pathway mediates GLT-1 up-regulation during cerebral ischemic preconditioning-induced brain ischemic tolerance in rats.

Our previous finding suggests that p38 MAPK contributes to the GLT-1 upregulation during induction of brain ischemic tolerance by cerebral ischemic preconditioning (CIP), however, the underlying mechanism is still unclear. Here, we investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying the CIP-induced GLT-1 upregulation by using Western blotting, Co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP), electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) and thionin staining in rat hippocampus CA1 subset. We found that application of BAY11-7082 (an inhibitor of NF-κB), or dihydrokainate (an inhibitor of GLT-1), or SB203580 (an inhibitor of p38 MAPK) could attenuate the CIP-induced neuronal protection in hippocampus CA1 region of rats.

[The expression and significance of interleukin-35 receptor in oral lichen planus].

Objective: To investigate the expression of glycoprotein 130 (gp130) and interleukin 12 receptor β2 (IL-12Rβ2) in two subunits of interleukin-35 receptor (IL-35R), singal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 1 and STAT4 in oral lichen planus (OLP) tissues, and to explore the role and significance of IL-35R in the formation and development of OLP lesions.

Methods: Totally 41 samples of OLP tissues (OLP group) and 15 samples of normal oral mucosa (control group) were collected. The expression levels of gp130, IL-12Rβ2, STAT1, STAT4 mRNA in the tissues were detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction and the distribution and expression of protein gp130 and IL-12Rβ2 were detected by immunohistochemistry.

Bismuth chelate as a contrast agent for X-ray computed tomography.

Backgrounds: Due to the unexpected side effects of the iodinated contrast agents, novel contrast agents for X-ray computed tomography (CT) imaging are urgently needed. Nanoparticles made by heavy metal elements are often employed, such as gold and bismuth. These nanoparticles have the advantages of long in vivo circulation time and tumor targeted ability.

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma participates in the acquisition of brain ischemic tolerance induced by ischemic preconditioning via glial glutamate transporter 1 in vivo and in vitro.

Glial glutamate transporter 1 (GLT-1) plays a vital role in the induction of brain ischemic tolerance (BIT) by ischemic preconditioning (IPC). However, the mechanism still needs to be further explained. The aim of this study was to investigate whether peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) participates in regulating GLT-1 during the acquisition of BIT induced by IPC.

[Fluorine emission list of China's key industries and soil fluorine concentration estimation.].

Industry-induced fluorine emissions and high background values of fluorine in soil lead to serious fluorine pollution in some regions of China, posing a serious threat to ecological security and human health. Based on the production capacity of China's key industries contributing to fluorine emission, we estimated the fluorine emissions of key industries and built a fluorine emission list in China. Based on data integration and fusion, the soil fluorine background value, fluorine geochemical distribution and soil fluorine concentration distribution in China were analyzed.

The mechanism of GLT-1 mediating cerebral ischemic injury depends on the activation of p38 MAPK.

The previous studies have shown that glial glutamate transporter-1 (GLT-1) participates in cerebral ischemic injury in rats. However, the mechanism involved remains to be elucidated. This study was undertaken to investigate whether p38 MAPK was involved in regulating GLT-1 in the process.

[Draft of soil environmental function regionalization of China].

Soil environmental function regionalization is of significance for soil environmental classification management in China. In this paper, we discussed the broad and narrow concept of soil environmental function and its corresponding attributes. Based on the constraint analysis on the soil environmental quality to function, relationship between soil environmental function and quality was illustrated.

[Risk assessment of cadmium in rice in Xiangtan, Hunan, China based on Bayesian method].

In this study, a total of 73 groups of paddy soil and rice samples were collected from 3 counties of Xiangtan City, Hunan Province, which were Xiangtan, Yuhu, and Xiangxiang, respectively. The total content of Cd in soil and rice samples was determined, the available Cd in soil samples also was measured, and the correlation analysis was conducted among them, respectively. According to the prior probability and data feature, we proposed to use the Bayesian method to eva-luate the risk of Cd content exceeding criterion in rice and construct the risk assessment model.

[Correlation between vertebral bone marrow fat and abdomen fat: a prospective study].

Objective: To investigate the correlation between the lumbar bone marrow fat and abdominal fat.

Methods: A total of 68 individuals (32 men and 36 women, aged 21-74 years with a median of 49.5 years) were included in this study.

p38 MAPK Participates in the Mediation of GLT-1 Up-regulation During the Induction of Brain Ischemic Tolerance by Cerebral Ischemic Preconditioning.

Our previous study has proved that the up-regulation of glial glutamate transporter 1 (GLT-1) played an important role in the acquisition of brain ischemic tolerance after cerebral ischemic preconditioning (CIP) in rats. However, little is known about the mechanism involved in the up-regulation of GLT-1 in the process. The present study investigates whether p38 MAPK, ERK1/2, and/or JNK participates in the up-regulation of GLT-1 during the induction of brain ischemic tolerance by CIP.

[Chromosomal Aberrations in Myelodysplastic Syndromes].

Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a group of clonal hematopioetic disorders characterized by myelodysplasia, decreased peripheral blood cells and high-risk of transformation into acute leukemia. MDS are often accompanied by a variety of chromosomal aberrations which play a role in disease pathogenesis, and are crucial in diagnosis and prognostic evaluation of this disease. About half of the patients with MDS have chromosomal abnormalities, mainly unbalanced chromosomal aberration.