[Characteristics of rainfall and runoff in urban drainage based on the SWMM model.].

The characteristics of 235 rainfall and surface runoff events, from 2009 to 2011 in a typical urban drainage area in Shanghai were analyzed by using SWMM model. The results showed that the rainfall events in the region with high occurrence frequency were characterized by small rainfall amount and low intensity. The most probably occurred rainfall had total amount less than 10 mm, or mean intensity less than 5 mm·h,or peak intensity less than 10 mm·h, accounting for 66.

Induction of proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2 activation-mediated C6 glioma cell invasion after anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy.

Background: Anti-angiogenic therapy inhibits tumor growth and is considered as a potential clinical therapy for malignant glioma. However, inevitable recurrences and unexpected tumor resistance, particularly increased invasion ability of glioma cell, were observed after anti-angiogenic treatment. The underlying mechanism remains undetermined.

Delta-like ligand 4 correlates with endothelial proliferation and vessel maturation in human malignant glioma.

Aim: To investigate the role of delta-like ligand 4 (DLL4) in the angiogenesis of high-grade malignant glioma.

Materials And Methods: DLL4 expression and microvessel density (MVD) were detected by immunohistochemistry in 51 human high-grade malignant glioma tissue samples. The vessel maturation index (VMI) was calculated as the percentage of a-smooth muscle actin (a-SMA)-positive vessels in relation to the amount of CD31-positive vessels.

Chitosan nanoparticle as gene therapy vector via gastrointestinal mucosa administration: results of an in vitro and in vivo study.

This study was designed to investigate the in vitro and in vivo transfection efficiency of chitosan nanoparticles used as vectors for gene therapy. Three types of chitosan nanoparticles [quaternized chitosan -60% trimethylated chitosan oligomer (TMCO-60%), C(43-45 KDa, 87%), and C(230 KDa, 90%)] were used to encapsulate plasmid DNA (pDNA) encoding green fluorescent protein (GFP) using the complex coacervation technique. The morphology, optimal chitosan-pDNA binding ratio and conditions for maximal in vitro transfection were studied.

Effects of low molecular weight heparin on platelet surface P-selectin expression and serum interleukin-8 production in rats with trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid-induced colitis.

Aim: To observe the effects of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) on platelet surface P-selectin expression and serum interleukin-8 production in rats with trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid (TNBS) induced colitis.

Methods: Colitis was induced in female Sprague-Dawley rats by colonic administration of 2, 4, 6-TNBS. LMWH, a dalteparin (150 U/kg, 300 U/kg), was subcutaneously administrated one hour before induction of colitis and went on once a day for 6 days.

Expression of nuclear factor-kappa B and target genes in gastric precancerous lesions and adenocarcinoma: association with Helicobactor pylori cagA (+) infection.

Aim: To examine the expression of nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) and its target genes in intestinal metaplasia (IM), dysplasia (DYS) and gastric carcinoma (GC) infected with Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) and to investigate the mechanism underlying H pylori cytotoxin associated gene A (cag A) infection leading to gastric adenocarcinoma.

Methods: Expressions of NF-kappaB/p65 and its target genes: c-myc, cyclinD1 and bcl-xl were immunohistochemically examined in 289 cases of gastric biopsy and resection specimens from patients with IM, DYS and GC infected with H pylori. H pylori in the above mentioned tissues was detected by Warthin-Starry stain and rapid urease tests.

Helicobacter pylori infection generated gastric cancer through p53-Rb tumor-suppressor system mutation and telomerase reactivation.

Aim: To investigate the relationship between Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) infection and the expressions of the p53, Rb, c-myc, bcl-2 and hTERT mRNA in a series of diseases from chronic gastritis (CG), intestinal metaplasia type I or II(IMI-II), intestinal metaplasia type III (IMIII), mild or modest dysplasia (DysI-II), severe dysplasia (DysIII) to gastric cancer(GC) and to elucidate the mechanism of gastric carcinogenesis relating to H.pylori infection.

Transforming growth factor-beta1 in invasion and metastasis in colorectal cancer.

Aim: To investigate the role of TGFbeta1 in invasion and metastasis in colorectal cancer by analysing TGFbeta1 correlated with depth of tumor invasion, stage and metastasis.

Methods: Serum TGFbeta1 levels were determined in 50 patients with colorectal cancer and 30 healthy volunteers using a TGFbeta1 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. TGFbeta1 expression in primary and lymph node metastatic lesions were detected in 98 cases of colorectal cancer by immunohistochemical staining and in situ hybridization.

TGF beta1 expression and angiogenesis in colorectal cancer tissue.

Aim: Transforming growth factor TGF beta1 is involved in a variety of important cellular functions,including cell growth and differentiation, angiogenesis, immune function and extracellular matrix formation. However, the role of TGF beta(1) as an angiogenic factor in colorectal cancer is still unclear. We investigate the relationship between transforming growth factor beta(1) and angiogenesis by analyzing the expression of transforming growth factor TGF beta(1) in colorectal cancer, as well as its association with VEGF and MVD.