Palbociclib plus letrozole in estrogen receptor-positive advanced/recurrent endometrial cancer: Double-blind placebo-controlled randomized phase II ENGOT-EN3/PALEO trial.

Purpose: The CDK4/6 inhibitor palbociclib inhibits cyclin A, which is overexpressed in endometrial cancer. Combining palbociclib with endocrine therapy improves efficacy in hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. We investigated palbociclib combined with endocrine therapy for estrogen receptor-positive advanced/recurrent endometrial cancer.

Patient-derived acellular ascites fluid affects drug responses in ovarian cancer cell lines through the activation of key signalling pathways.

Malignant ascites is commonly produced in advanced epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) and serves as unique microenvironment for tumour cells. Acellular ascites fluid (AAF) is rich in signalling molecules and has been proposed to play a role in the induction of chemoresistance. Through in vitro testing of drug sensitivity and by assessing intracellular phosphorylation status in response to mono- and combination treatment of five EOC cell lines after incubation with AAFs derived from 20 different patients, we investigated the chemoresistance-inducing potential of ascites.

New immune phenotypes for treatment response in high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma patients.

Despite advances in surgical and therapeutic approaches, high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) prognosis remains poor. Surgery is an indispensable component of therapeutic protocols, as removal of all visible tumor lesions (cytoreduction) profoundly improves the overall survival. Enhanced predictive tools for assessing cytoreduction are essential to optimize therapeutic precision.

IMPRESS-Norway: improving public cancer care by implementing precision medicine in Norway; inclusion rates and preliminary results.

Background And Purpose: In Norway, comprehensive molecular tumour profiling is implemented as part of the public healthcare system. A substantial number of tumours harbour potentially targetable molecular alterations. Therapy outcomes may improve if targeted treatments are matched with actionable genomic alterations.

Integrative multi-omics analyses to identify the genetic and functional mechanisms underlying ovarian cancer risk regions.

To identify credible causal risk variants (CCVs) associated with different histotypes of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), we performed genome-wide association analysis for 470,825 genotyped and 10,163,797 imputed SNPs in 25,981 EOC cases and 105,724 controls of European origin. We identified five histotype-specific EOC risk regions (p value <5 × 10) and confirmed previously reported associations for 27 risk regions. Conditional analyses identified an additional 11 signals independent of the primary signal at six risk regions (p value <10).

Efficient CAR T cell targeting of the CA125 extracellular repeat domain of MUC16.

Background: Ovarian cancer (OC) is the leading cause of death from gynecologic malignancies in the Western world. Contributing factors include a high frequency of late-stage diagnosis, the development of chemoresistance, and the evasion of host immune responses. Currently, debulking surgery and platinum-based chemotherapy are the treatment cornerstones, although recurrence is common.

Large-scale genome-wide association study of 398,238 women unveils seven novel loci associated with high-grade serous epithelial ovarian cancer risk.

Background: Nineteen genomic regions have been associated with high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC). We used data from the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium (OCAC), Consortium of Investigators of Modifiers of (CIMBA), UK Biobank (UKBB), and FinnGen to identify novel HGSOC susceptibility loci and develop polygenic scores (PGS).

Methods: We analyzed >22 million variants for 398,238 women.

Real-world data on niraparib maintenance treatment in patients with non-gBRCA mutated platinum-sensitive recurrent ovarian cancer.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to provide real-world efficacy and safety data on niraparib maintenance treatment in patients with non-germline (gBRCA)1/2 mutated platinum-sensitive recurrent ovarian cancer.

Methods: This retrospective multi-center cohort study included 94 platinum-sensitive recurrent ovarian cancer patients without known gBRCA1/2 mutation treated in an individual patient access program in Norway. The primary outcome was time from start of niraparib treatment to first subsequent treatment.

Combining Mass Cytometry Data by CyTOFmerge Reveals Additional Cell Phenotypes in the Heterogeneous Ovarian Cancer Tumor Microenvironment: A Pilot Study.

The prognosis of high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) is poor, and treatment selection is challenging. A heterogeneous tumor microenvironment (TME) characterizes HGSOC and influences tumor growth, progression, and therapy response. Better characterization with multidimensional approaches for simultaneous identification and categorization of the various cell populations is needed to map the TME complexity.

TP53 mutation and human papilloma virus status as independent prognostic factors in a Norwegian cohort of vulva squamous cell carcinoma.

Introduction: Vulva squamous cell carcinoma (VSCC) develops through two separate molecular pathways-one involving high-risk human papilloma virus infection (HPV-associated), and the other without HPV infection (HPV-independent) often involving TP53 mutation. HPV-associated VSCC generally has a better progression-free survival than HPV-independent VSCC. The aim of this study was to determine TP53 mutation status using immunohistochemistry, compare different methods of HPV detection and correlate both with survival in a retrospective cohort of 123 patients with VSCC.

Clinical parameters affecting survival outcomes in patients with low-grade serous ovarian carcinoma: an international multicentre analysis.

Background: Women with low-grade ovarian serous carcinoma (LGSC) benefit from surgical treatment; however, the role of chemotherapy is controversial. We examined an international database through the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium to identify factors that affect survival in LGSC.

Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort analysis of patients with LGSC who had had primary surgery and had overall survival data available.

Molecular and phenotypic characteristics influencing the degree of cytoreduction in high-grade serous ovarian carcinomas.

Background: High-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) is the deadliest ovarian cancer subtype, and survival relates to initial cytoreductive surgical treatment. The existing tools for surgical outcome prediction remain inadequate for anticipating the outcomes of the complex relationship between tumour biology, clinical phenotypes, co-morbidity and surgical skills. In this genotype-phenotype association study, we combine phenotypic markers with targeted DNA sequencing to discover novel biomarkers to guide the surgical management of primary HGSOC.

Primary Treatment Effects for High-Grade Serous Ovarian Carcinoma Evaluated by Changes in Serum Metabolites and Lipoproteins.

High-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) is the most common and deadliest ovarian cancer subtype. Despite advances in treatment, the overall prognosis remains poor. Regardless of efforts to develop biomarkers to predict surgical outcome and recurrence risk and resistance, reproducible indicators are scarce.

Incidence and prevalence of drugs used for chronic diseases in survivors of adult-onset gynaecological cancer - A nationwide cohort study.

Objectives: To evaluate both incidence and prevalence of drugs used for chronic diseases in survivors of adult-onset gynaecological cancer.

Design: A prospective study.

Setting: Population-based registries.

The WID-EC test for the detection and risk prediction of endometrial cancer.

The incidence of endometrial cancer is rising. Measures to identify women at risk and to detect endometrial cancer earlier are required to reduce the morbidity triggered by the aggressive treatment required for advanced endometrial cancer. We developed the WID-EC (Women's cancer risk IDentification-Endometrial Cancer) test, which is based on DNA methylation at 500 CpG sites, in a discovery set of cervical liquid-based cytology samples from 1086 women with and without an endometrial cancer (217 cancer cases and 869 healthy controls) with a worse prognosis (grade 3 or ≥stage IB).

A Simple Cervicovaginal Epigenetic Test for Screening and Rapid Triage of Women With Suspected Endometrial Cancer: Validation in Several Cohort and Case/Control Sets.

Purpose: Endometrial cancer (EC) incidence has been rising over the past 10 years. Delays in diagnosis reduce survival and necessitate more aggressive treatment. We aimed to develop and validate a simple, noninvasive, and reliable triage test for EC to reduce the number of invasive diagnostic procedures and improve patient survival.