Botulinum neurotoxins exploit host digestive proteases to boost their oral toxicity via activating OrfXs/P47.

Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) rank among the most potent toxins and many of them are produced by bacteria carrying the orfX gene cluster that also encodes four nontoxic proteins (OrfX1, OrfX2, OrfX3 and P47). The orfX gene cluster is also found in the genomes of many non-BoNT-producing bacteria, often alongside genes encoding oral insecticidal toxins. However, the functions of these OrfXs and P47 remain elusive.

Stories of taking part in Everyday Life Rehabilitation - A narrative inquiry of residents with serious mental illness and their recovery pathway.

Context And Purpose: Persons enduring serious mental illness (SMI) and living in supported housing facilities often receive inadequate care, which can negatively impact their health outcomes. To address these challenges, it is crucial to prioritize interventions that promote personal recovery and address the unique needs of this group. When developing effective, equitable, and relevant interventions, it is essential to consider the experiences of persons with an SMI.

Occupational therapists' experiences of intra-professional collaboration during the discharge process from inpatient care to home healthcare.

Introduction: Swedish healthcare has undergone significant changes since the transferral of home healthcare from a regional to municipal responsibility, and since the new 2018 law regulating discharge from hospital. This meant changes to ways of working for Occupational Therapists (OTs), as OTs play a key role in planning for discharging patients, a crucial process before patients return home, and in the transition between care givers.

Aim: The aim of this study is to illuminate how OTs experience the intra-professional collaboration during the discharge process between inpatient care and home healthcare.

Transcellular transport of F-deoxyglucose via facilitative glucose channels in experimental peritoneal dialysis.

Background: Local and systemic side effects of glucose remain major limitations of peritoneal dialysis (PD). Glucose transport during PD is thought to occur via inter-endothelial pathways, but recent results show that phloretin, a general blocker of facilitative glucose channels (glucose transporters [GLUTs]), markedly reduced glucose diffusion capacity indicating that some glucose may be transferred via facilitative glucose channels (GLUTs). Whether such transport mainly occurs into (absorption), or across (trans-cellular) peritoneal cells is as yet unresolved.

Creating a sense of place when implementing a new emergency department in Denmark: a qualitative study.

Background: Physical locations play an essential yet often overlooked role in healthcare implementation processes. Implementation Science frameworks such as the Theoretical Domains Framework, the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research, and the Implementation in Context framework acknowledge the importance of the physical environment, but they often treat it as a passive backdrop for change. However, from a cultural geographic perspective, spaces and places are dynamic, influencing behavior, social structures, and the acceptance of new practices.

Why do dentists refrain from intervention in cases of persistent asymptomatic apical periodontitis in root canal filled teeth? An interview study among general dental practitioners.

Aim: To explore the context in which general dental practitioners (GDPs) decide to refrain from further treatment, that is, ortho- or retrograde retreatment or extraction of a root canal filled tooth with persistent asymptomatic apical periodontitis (PAAP).

Methodology: Fifteen GDPs were strategically selected for in-depth interviews. The informants were encouraged to describe in their own words and in as much detail as possible, the three most recent patient cases of PAAP of a root canal filled tooth, in which they decided to refrain from further treatment.

Perceived discrimination and refraining from seeking physician's care in Sweden: an intersectional analysis of individual heterogeneity and discriminatory accuracy (AIHDA).

Background: Discrimination may further impede access to medical care for individuals in socially disadvantaged positions. Sociodemographic information and perceived discrimination intersect and define multiple contexts or strata that condition the risk of refraining from seeking physician's care. By applying analysis of individual heterogeneity and discriminatory accuracy (AIHDA) we aimed to improve the mapping of risk by considering both strata average risk differences and the accuracy of such strata risks for distinguishing between individuals who did or did not refrain from seeking physician's care.

Arts, culture and sports engagement and self-rated health: a cross-sectional population-based study in southern Sweden.

Background: International research demonstrates an association between arts and culture activities and health and wellbeing. A similar association exists for sports event attendance and health. The aim of this study was to investigate associations between arts and culture engagement and attending sports events during the past year and self-rated health (SRH).

International declaration on rural mental health research: 10 guiding principles and standards.

Rural communities have unique mental health needs and challenges which are often related to the uniqueness of the community itself. On a per-capita basis, the investment in rural mental health research is far less than that in urban communities. Added to this, rural communities are often at risk of researchers, based in large urban universities, visiting, conducting the research with minimal engagement with local stakeholders and limited understanding of the community's social-service-environmental context.

Hypoaldosteronism due to a novel SEC61A1 variant successfully treated with fludrocortisone.

Background: Genetic variants in are associated with autosomal dominant tubulointerstitial kidney disease. SEC61A1 is a translocon in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane and variants affect biosynthesis of renin and uromodulin.

Methods: A patient is described that presented at 1 year of age with failure-to-thrive, kidney failure (glomerular filtration rate, GFR, 18 ml/min/1.

Exposure to air pollution and cardiovascular risk in young children - a pilot project.

Objective: To examine relationships between traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) and markers of pre-clinical cardiovascular risk in young children.

Study Design: We studied a cohort of healthy children ages 2-5 recruited from pediatric primary care sites (n = 122). We obtained child weight, height, blood pressure and hair nicotine levels.

Oscillations in Neuronal Activity: A Neuron-Centered Spatiotemporal Model of the Unfolded Protein Response in Prion Diseases.

Many neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are characterized by the slow spatial spread of toxic protein species in the brain. The toxic proteins can induce neuronal stress, triggering the Unfolded Protein Response (UPR), which slows or stops protein translation and can indirectly reduce the toxic load. However, the UPR may also trigger processes leading to apoptotic cell death and the UPR is implicated in the progression of several NDs.

Case report: Aberrant fecal microbiota composition of an infant diagnosed with prolonged intestinal botulism.

Background: Intestinal botulism is primarily reported in small babies as a condition known as infant botulism. The condition results from the ingestion of environmental or foodborne spores of botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) producing Clostridia, usually Clostridium botulinum, and subsequent spore germination into active botulinum neurotoxinogenic cultures in the gut. It is generally considered that small babies are susceptible to C.

Sweden's excess mortality in 2020-2022 and reporting in the media.

Aim: The aim was to scrutinize the report in March 2023 that Sweden's excess mortality was lowest in 2020-2022 compared with other European Union and Nordic countries, a report that received great national and international attention.

Study Design: Comparison of excess mortality in Sweden and Norway.

Methods: Excess mortality for 2020-2022 was calculated for Sweden and Norway, the country with per-capita excess mortality closest to Sweden's, compared with the average mortality for 2017-2019 in the respective country, following the definitions by reported in a daily newspaper.

Chromatin damage generated by DNA intercalators leads to degradation of RNA Polymerase II.

In cancer therapy, DNA intercalators are mainly known for their capacity to kill cells by inducing DNA damage. Recently, several DNA intercalators have attracted much interest given their ability to inhibit RNA Polymerase I transcription (BMH-21), evict histones (Aclarubicin) or induce chromatin trapping of FACT (Curaxin CBL0137). Interestingly, these DNA intercalators lack the capacity to induce DNA damage while still retaining cytotoxic effects and stabilize p53.

Global species delimitation of the cosmopolitan marine littoral earthworm Pontodrilus litoralis (Grube, 1855).

The marine littoral earthworm Pontodrilus litoralis (Grube, 1855) is widely distributed and is reported as a single species. This study utilized an integrative taxonomic approach based upon morphological examination, phylogenetic reconstruction, and molecular species delimitation, to test whether the taxon is a single species or a species complex. For this, a total of 114 P.

Marital status and cause-specific mortality: A population-based prospective cohort study in southern Sweden.

The aim was to investigate associations between marital status and mortality with a prospective cohort study design. A public health survey including adults aged 18-80 was conducted with a postal questionnaire in southern Sweden in 2008 (54.1% participation).

A Novel Prophage-like Insertion Element within Triggers Early Entry into Sporulation in .

Sporulation is a finely regulated morphogenetic program important in the ecology and epidemiology of . Exogenous elements disrupting sporulation-associated genes contribute to sporulation regulation and introduce diversity in the generally conserved sporulation programs of endospore formers. We identified a novel prophage-like DNA segment, termed the element, inserted within , encoding a sporulation-specific cysteine protease, in an environmental isolate of .

Cellular and population strategies underpinning neurotoxin production and sporulation in type E cultures.

Toxin production and sporulation are key determinants of pathogenesis in . Toxins cause the clinical manifestation of clostridial diseases, including diarrhea and colitis, tissue damage, and systemic effects on the nervous system. Spores ensure long-term survival and persistence in the environment, act as infectious agents, and initiate the host tissue colonization leading to infection.

Arts and culture engagement for health: a Danish population-based study.

Objectives: Global health challenges are complex and new approaches are pivotal. Engagement in arts and cultural activities is commonplace across different cultures, and research shows associations with benefits for health and wellbeing. Using the arts for health promotion and prevention of illness has increased worldwide.

Brain regions controlling courtship behavior in the bluehead wrasse.

Bluehead wrasses (Thalassoma bifasciatum) follow a socially controlled mechanism of sex determination. A socially dominant initial-phase (IP) female is able to transform into a new terminal-phase (TP) male if the resident TP male is no longer present. TP males display an elaborate array of courtship behaviors, including both color changes and motor behaviors.

Is kidney biopsy necessary in children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome?

Aim: To investigate the need, in the Northern European setting, to perform kidney biopsy in children with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome.

Methods: In this retrospective study 124 individuals aged 1-18 years with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome, followed in the paediatric hospitals in southern Sweden from 1999 to 2018, were included.

Results: There was a median follow-up time of 6.

Religious service attendance and mortality: A population-based prospective cohort study in southern Sweden.

Aims: The aim is to investigate associations between attendance in religious service during the past year and all-cause, cardiovascular (CVD), cancer and other cause mortality.

Study Design: Prospective cohort study.

Methods: A public health survey with three reminders was sent to a stratified random sample of the adult 18-80 population in southernmost Sweden in 2008.

Pulmonary tumor thrombotic microangiopathy: Exploration into current diagnostic aids and therapeutics.

Pulmonary tumor thrombotic microangiopathy (PTTM) is an under-recognized cause of pulmonary hypertension and fulminant right ventricle failure. It is associated with a high mortality due to delay in diagnosis. We present two cases of PTTM, both diagnosed postmortem, highlighting the importance of timely identification and initiation of treatment for this near-fatal condition.