Community Health Workers' Provision of Family Planning Services in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review of Effectiveness.

This systematic review evaluates the strength of the evidence that community health workers' (CHW) provision of family planning (FP) services in low- and middle-income countries is effective. In a search of eight databases, articles were screened by study design and outcome measure and ranked by strength of evidence. Only randomized trials, longitudinal studies with a comparison group, and pre-test/post-test studies met inclusion criteria.

The Impact of Incident Postoperative Delirium on Survival of Elderly Patients After Surgery for Hip Fracture Repair.

Background: The impact of delirium on survival of elderly patients remains undetermined with conflicting results from clinical studies and meta-analysis. In this study, we assessed the relationship between long-term mortality and incident postoperative delirium in elderly patients undergoing hip fracture repair.

Methods: Patients ≥65 years old who were not delirious before undergoing hip fracture repair were included in a database maintained prospectively from March 1999 to July 2009.

Unintended pregnancies among young women living in urban slums: evidence from a prospective study in Nairobi city, Kenya.

Background: Despite the significant proportion of young people residing in slum communities, little attention has been paid to the sexual and reproductive health (SRH) challenges they face during their transition to adulthood within this harsh environment. Little is known about the extent to which living in extreme environments, like slums, impact SRH outcomes, especially during this key developmental period. This paper aims to fill this research gap by examining the levels of and factors associated with unintended pregnancies among young women aged 15-22 in two informal settlements in Nairobi, Kenya.

Interventions to improve adolescents' contraceptive behaviors in low- and middle-income countries: a review of the evidence base.

Objective(s): Many adolescents in developing countries have an unmet need for contraception, which can contribute to poor reproductive health outcomes. Recent literature reviews have not adequately captured effective contraceptive services and interventions for adolescents in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This study aims to identify and evaluate the existing evidence base on contraceptive services and interventions for adolescents in LMICs that report an impact on contraceptive behavior outcomes.