Anabolic steroid-induced hypogonadism: diagnosis and treatment.

Objective: To develop an understanding of hypogonadal men with a history of anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS) use and to outline recommendations for management.

Design: Review of published literature and expert opinions. Intended as a meta-analysis, but no quality studies met the inclusion criteria.

Angled vas cutter for vasovasostomy: technique and results.

Objective: To describe the technique and results of bilateral vasovasostomy using a 3-mm vas cutting forceps angled at 15° (catalog no. NHF-3.15; ASSI) for vasal transection.

Exogenous testosterone: a preventable cause of male infertility.

Main Problem: Testosterone replacement therapy inhibits spermatogenesis, representing a problem for hypogonadal men of reproductive age.

Methods: A literature review of PubMed from 1990-2013. Semen analysis and pregnancy outcomes, time to recovery of spermatogenesis, serum and intratesticular testosterone levels were examined.

Effect of rejuvenation hormones on spermatogenesis.

Objective: To review the current literature for the effect of hormones used in rejuvenation clinics on the maintenance of spermatogenesis.

Design: Review of published literature.

Setting: Not applicable.

Impact of age on male fertility.

Purpose Of Review: An increasing number of older men are seeking help for fathering a child, but male fertility gradually declines with age. This review highlights changes in male reproductive biology and practical clinical concerns for aging men.

Recent Findings: Aging may have an impact on sperm DNA damage such as single nucleotide polymorphisms.