Cognitive considerations for adults with sickle cell disease completing the brief pain inventory.

Introduction: Accurate assessment of pain severity is important for caring for patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). The Brief Pain Inventory was developed to address limitations of previous pain-rating metrics and is available in a short form (BPI-SF). However, the BPI-SF is a self-report scale dependent on patient comprehension and interpretation of items.

CRISPR/Cas9 Protocols for Disrupting Gene Function in the Non-vertebrate Chordate Ciona.

The evolutionary origins of chordates and their diversification into the three major subphyla of tunicates, vertebrates, and cephalochordates pose myriad questions about the genetic and developmental mechanisms underlying this radiation. Studies in non-vertebrate chordates have refined our model of what the ancestral chordate may have looked like, and have revealed the pre-vertebrate origins of key cellular and developmental traits. Work in the major tunicate laboratory model Ciona has benefitted greatly from the emergence of CRISPR/Cas9 techniques for targeted gene disruption.

Characteristics of Emergency Department Visits Made by Individuals With Sickle Cell Disease in the U.S., 1999-2020.

Introduction: Individuals living with sickle cell disease experience high levels of morbidity that result in frequent utilization of the emergency department. The objective of this study was to provide updated national estimates of emergency department utilization associated with sickle cell disease in the U.S.

A Systematic Review of Relationships Between Illness Identity and Health-Related Outcomes in Individuals with Chronic Illnesses.

The aim of the current systematic review is to examine relationships among illness identity and illness-specific variables, adherence, and health-related outcomes. Studies were included if they (a) presented quantitative data on illness identity's relationship with adherence or health-related outcomes, (b) included chronic medical illness samples, (c) were peer-reviewed, and (d) were available in English. PubMed and EBSCOhost were searched.

Sleep Problems in Pediatric Disorders of Gut-Brain Interaction: A Systematic Review.

Objective: Disorders of gut-brain interaction (DGBIs) are common, and findings are mixed on rates of sleep problems (e.g., sleep quality) in pediatric populations.

Multimodal mechanical stimulation reduces acute and chronic low back pain: Pilot data from a HEAL phase 1 study.

Background: Effective non-opioid pain management is of great clinical importance. The objective of this pilot study was to evaluate the effectiveness of multimodal mechanical stimulation therapy on low back pain.

Methods: 11 female and 9 male patients aged 22-74 years (Mean 41.

The influence of child pain catastrophizing and parent behavior on health-related quality of life in pediatric sickle cell disease.

Background: Literature suggests that a child's appraisal of pain and parent responses to pain are critical in predicting health-related outcomes. In youth with sickle cell disease (SCD), few investigations have examined child pain catastrophizing, and even fewer have examined the role that parents play in responding to SCD pain within the family context. The purpose of the current study was to examine the relationship between pain catastrophizing, parent response to child SCD pain, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL).

A dyadic analysis of parent and child pain catastrophizing and health-related quality of life in pediatric sickle cell disease.

The purpose of this study was to examine the dyadic and individual level effects of parent and child pain catastrophizing on child health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in pediatric sickle cell disease. Questionnaires assessing child pain frequency, child and parent pain catastrophizing, and child HRQOL were completed by youth and their primary caregiver. A Common Fate Model was estimated to test the dyadic level relationship between parent and child pain catastrophizing and child HRQOL.

Analgesic, Anesthetic, and Addiction Clinical Trial Translations, Innovations, Opportunities, and Networks-American Pain Society-American Academy of Pain Medicine Pain Taxonomy Diagnostic Criteria for Acute Needle Pain.

Needle procedures are among the most common causes of pain and distress for individuals seeking health care. While needle pain is especially problematic for children needle pain and associated fear also has significant impact on adults and can lead to avoidance of appropriate medical care. Currently there is not a standard definition of needle pain.

Identifying Chronic Pain Subgroups in Pediatric Sickle Cell Disease: A Cluster-Analytic Approach.

Objectives: Youth with sickle cell disease (SCD) and chronic pain, defined in this study as pain on most days for 3 months, experience variability in daily pain and physical and psychosocial functioning. This study aimed to (1) empirically derive chronic pain subgroups based on pain characteristics among youth with chronic SCD pain; and (2) investigate derived subgroups for differences in sociodemographics, clinical characteristics, and psychosocial and functional outcomes.

Materials And Methods: Youth with chronic SCD pain (n=62, Mage =13.

Pandemic-Related Social Disruption and Well-Being in Pediatric Gastrointestinal Diseases.

Objective: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has impacted everyone, but there are few data regarding how the pandemic has influenced the lives of children with gastrointestinal (GI) conditions. This cross-sectional study assessed pandemic-related social disruption (PRSD) in children with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), celiac disease (CD), and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and the potential buffering effect of the parent-child relationship.

Methods: A survey completed between September and December 2020 asked 146 children (ages 8-17) diagnosed with IBD (n = 44), CD (n = 81), or IBS (n = 51) and 185 parents how the pandemic has contributed to social disruption (i.

The distinct longitudinal impact of pain catastrophizing on pain interference among youth living with sickle cell disease and chronic pain.

Youth living with chronic sickle cell disease (SCD) pain are at risk for psychosocial distress and high levels of pain catastrophizing that contribute to functional impairment. This study aimed to identify the unique long-term impact of pain catastrophizing on pain impairment among youth with SCD. Youth with chronic SCD pain (N = 63, 10-18 years old, 58.

Biopsychosocial Factors Associated with Parenting Stress in Pediatric Sickle Cell Disease.

Caregivers of children with sickle cell disease (SCD) experience significant physical and emotional hardship with their child's disease management. Little is known about the potential contributors to parenting stress in pediatric SCD. The present study aimed to identify child and caregiver biopsychosocial factors associated with disease-related parenting stress in pediatric SCD.

Sex differences in social communication behaviors in toddlers with suspected autism spectrum disorder as assessed by the ADOS-2 toddler module.

When toddlers are suspected of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), the gold-standard assessment technique is with the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, 2nd edition (ADOS-2) Toddler Module, a behavioral observation system. ASD is a neurodevelopmental condition more frequently diagnosed in toddler boys than in toddler girls. There is some evidence that the ADOS-2 assesses behaviors that are more characteristic of boys with ASD than girls.

Social Support in Parents of Children With Cancer: A Systematic Review.

Objectives: Parents of children with cancer (PCCs) experience stress as they navigate managing their child's illness. Arguably, social support is critical to PCCs' well-being. This review examines the literature on social support in PCCs.

Behavioral Strategies to Minimize Procedural Distress During In-Office Pediatric Tympanostomy Tube Placement Without Sedation or Restraint.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate behavioral strategies to minimize procedural distress associated with in-office tympanostomy tube placement for children without general anesthesia, sedation, or papoose-board restraints. 120 6-month- to 4-year-olds and 102 5- to 12-year-olds were treated at 16 otolaryngology practices. Mean age of children was 4.

Pain and QOL in Pediatric Sickle Cell Disease: Buffering by Resilience Processes.

Objective: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a group of inherited blood disorders. The central feature of this chronic condition is pain. Several identified risk factors exacerbate the impact of pain on quality of life (QOL) in SCD; however, there are relatively fewer investigations of strengths-based resilience variables that might buffer the influence of pain on living with SCD.

Medical Student Assessment of Pediatric Patient Pain as a Function of Perceived Child Gender.

This survey study investigates whether the perceived gender of a child is associated with how medical students assess a pediatric patient’s pain displayed and pain experienced.

Psychosocial risk and health care utilization in pediatric sickle cell disease.

Introduction: Pain and complications related to pediatric sickle cell disease (SCD) are associated with higher health care utilization. In other pediatric chronic conditions, psychosocial screening can help identify children and families at risk of increased health care utilization to guide resource allocation, address treatment needs, and improve care. This study aimed to investigate the utility of psychosocial screening in predicting increased health care utilization among youth with SCD.

Parental Psychosocial Distress in Pediatric Sickle Cell Disease and Chronic Pain.

Background: Pediatric sickle cell disease (SCD) management can result in considerable caregiver distress. Parents of youth with chronic SCD pain may face the additional challenge of managing children's chronic pain and chronic illness. This study examined associations between parent psychological distress and child functioning and the moderating role of chronic pain among youth with SCD.

Illness-Related Parenting Stress and Maladjustment in Congenital Heart Disease: Mindfulness as a Moderator.

Objective: Congenital heart disease (CHD) is characterized by structural defects to the heart or the coronary blood vessels and often requires surgical repair. Raising an infant or toddler with CHD can be challenging and lead to high parenting stress and maladjustment. The parenting literature suggests that mindfulness may buffer parenting stress.