A membrane localized RTX-like protein mediates physiochemical properties of the Pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii cell envelope that impact surface adhesion, cell surface hydrophobicity and plant colonization.

Pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii (Pnss), is the bacterial causal agent of Stewart's wilt of sweet corn. Disease symptoms include systemic wilting and foliar, water-soaked lesions.

Phylogenomic analyses and comparative genomics of Pseudomonas syringae associated with almond (Prunus dulcis) in California.

We sequenced and comprehensively analysed the genomic architecture of 98 fluorescent pseudomonads isolated from different symptomatic and asymptomatic tissues of almond and a few other Prunus spp. Phylogenomic analyses, genome mining, field pathogenicity tests, and in vitro ice nucleation and antibiotic sensitivity tests were integrated to improve knowledge of the biology and management of bacterial blast and bacterial canker of almond. We identified Pseudomonas syringae pv.

Virulence Comparison of a Comprehensive Panel of Pierce's Disease Isolates from California.

, the causal agent of Pierce's disease of grapevine, has been found in all major grape-growing regions in California, U.S.A.

High Growing Season Temperatures Limit Winter Recovery of Grapevines from Infection - Implications for Epidemiology in Hot Climates.

Management of widespread plant pathogens is challenging as climatic differences among crop-growing regions may alter key aspects of pathogen spread and disease severity. is a xylem-limited bacterial pathogen that is transmitted by xylem sap-feeding insects. Geographic distribution of is limited by winter climate, and vines infected with can recover from infection when held at cold temperatures.

Requires the Type II Secretion System for Pathogenicity and Survival in Grapevine.

is a xylem-limited bacterial pathogen that causes Pierce's disease (PD) of grapevine. In host plants, this bacterium exclusively colonizes the xylem, which is primarily non-living at maturity. Understanding how interfaces with this specialized conductive tissue is at the forefront of investigation for this pathosystem.

Natural Recombination among Type I Restriction-Modification Systems Creates Diverse Genomic Methylation Patterns among Xylella fastidiosa Strains.

Xylella fastidiosa is an important bacterial plant pathogen causing high-consequence diseases in agricultural crops around the world. Although as a species X. fastidiosa can infect many host plants, there is significant variability between strains regarding virulence on specific host plant species and other traits.

Insights Regarding Resistance of 'Nemaguard' Rootstock to the Bacterium .

'Nemaguard' is a commonly used rootstock for almond and stone fruits due to resistance to nematodes and enhanced scion vigor. Nemaguard also happens to be resistant to strains of that cause almond leaf scorch disease. Previous research showed that prior to June-budding, this rootstock can prevent infection of almond nursery stock by .

Csp1, a Cold Shock Protein Homolog in Xylella fastidiosa Influences Cell Attachment, Pili Formation, and Gene Expression.

Bacterial cold shock-domain proteins are conserved nucleic acid binding chaperones that play important roles in stress adaptation and pathogenesis. Csp1 is a temperature-independent cold shock protein homolog in Xylella fastidiosa, a bacterial plant pathogen of grapevine and other economically important crops. Csp1 contributes to stress tolerance and virulence in X.

Microbe Profile: - a devastating agricultural pathogen with an endophytic lifestyle.

is a vector-borne plant vascular pathogen that has caused devastating disease outbreaks in diverse agricultural crops worldwide. A major global quarantine pathogen, can infect hundreds of plant species and can be transmitted by many different xylem sap-feeding insects. Several decades of research have revealed a complex lifestyle dependent on adaptation to the xylem and insect environments and interactions with host plant tissues.

Grapevine phenolic compounds influence cell surface adhesion of Xylella fastidiosa and bind to lipopolysaccharide.

Bacterial phytopathogen Xylella fastidiosa specifically colonizes the plant vascular tissue through a complex process of cell adhesion, biofilm formation, and dispersive movement. Adaptation to the chemical environment of the xylem is essential for bacterial growth and progression of infection. Grapevine xylem sap contains a range of plant secondary metabolites such as phenolics, which fluctuate in response to pathogen infection and plant physiological state.

and Glassy-Winged Sharpshooter Population Dynamics in the Southern San Joaquin Valley of California.

is a vector-transmitted bacterial plant pathogen that affects a wide array of perennial crops, including grapevines (Pierce's disease). In the southern San Joaquin Valley of California, epidemics of Pierce's disease of grapevine were associated with the glassy-winged sharpshooter, . During the growing season, rates of spread in vineyards are affected by changes in pathogen distribution within chronically infected grapevines and by vector population dynamics.

Complete Genome Sequence Data of Three subsp. Strains Isolated from Olive Trees in California, U.S.A.

is a xylem-limited bacterial plant pathogen that causes disease on numerous hosts. Additionally, asymptomatically colonizes a wide range of plant species. subsp.

Lost and found: Rediscovery and genomic characterization of sowthistle yellow vein virus after a 30+ year hiatus.

Beginning in the 1960's, sowthistle yellow vein virus (SYVV) was the subject of pioneering research that demonstrated propagation of a plant virus in its insect vector. Since the 1980's there has been a paucity of research on SYVV, with historic isolates no longer maintained and no genomic sequence available. Once commonly observed infecting sowthistle (Sonchus oleraceous L.

Infection of Blueberry Cultivar 'Emerald' with a California Pierce's Disease Strain of and Acquisition by Glassy-Winged Sharpshooter.

Bacterial leaf scorch disease caused by occurs in southern highbush blueberry varieties in the southeastern United States. Susceptibility to varies by blueberry cultivar, and these interactions are often strain-specific. subsp.

Broad-Host-Range Plasmids for Constitutive and Inducible Gene Expression in the Absence of Antibiotic Selection.

Plasmid vectors are a valuable research tool for characterizing bacterial gene function, but there is a limited range of plasmids that are functional in nonmodel bacterial species. Described here is a set of broad-host-range plasmids modified for stability in the absence of antibiotic selection and for gene expression manipulation.

Novel amplification targets for rapid detection and differentiation of Xylella fastidiosa subspecies fastidiosa and multiplex in plant and insect tissues.

Xylella fastidiosa is an insect-transmitted bacterial plant pathogen which causes a variety of economically important diseases worldwide. Molecular identification of X. fastidiosa is used for quarantine screening, surveillance, and research applications; many of which require subspecies level differentiation of pathogen isolates.

Conjugative Plasmid Transfer in Xylella fastidiosa Is Dependent on and Operon Functions.

The insect-transmitted plant pathogen is capable of efficient horizontal gene transfer (HGT) and recombination. Natural transformation occurs at high rates in , but there also is evidence that certain strains of carry native plasmids equipped with transfer and mobilization genes, suggesting conjugation as an additional mechanism of HGT in some instances. Two operons, and , putatively encoding a conjugative type IV secretion system, are found in some but not all isolates, often on native plasmids.

The DinJ/RelE Toxin-Antitoxin System Suppresses Bacterial Proliferation and Virulence of Xylella fastidiosa in Grapevine.

Xylella fastidiosa, the causal agent of Pierce's disease of grapes, is a slow-growing, xylem-limited, bacterial pathogen. Disease progression is characterized by systemic spread of the bacterium through xylem vessel networks, causing leaf-scorching symptoms, senescence, and vine decline. It appears to be advantageous to this pathogen to avoid excessive blockage of xylem vessels, because living bacterial cells are generally found in plant tissue with low bacterial cell density and minimal scorching symptoms.

Plasmid Vectors for Xylella fastidiosa Utilizing a Toxin-Antitoxin System for Stability in the Absence of Antibiotic Selection.

The phytopathogen Xylella fastidiosa causes disease in a variety of important crop and landscape plants. Functional genetic studies have led to a broader understanding of virulence mechanisms used by this pathogen in the grapevine host. Plasmid shuttle vectors are important tools in studies of bacterial genetics but there are only a limited number of plasmid vectors available that replicate in X.

A Temperature-Independent Cold-Shock Protein Homolog Acts as a Virulence Factor in Xylella fastidiosa.

Xylella fastidiosa, causal agent of Pierce's disease (PD) of grapevine, is a fastidious organism that requires very specific conditions for replication and plant colonization. Cold temperatures reduce growth and survival of X. fastidiosa both in vitro and in planta.

A Large Repetitive RTX-Like Protein Mediates Water-Soaked Lesion Development, Leakage of Plant Cell Content and Host Colonization in the Pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii Pathosystem.

Pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii is the etiological agent of Stewart's wilt and is a serious bacterial pathogen affecting sweet corn. During the leaf blight phase, P.

Siderophore-mediated iron acquisition influences motility and is required for full virulence of the xylem-dwelling bacterial phytopathogen Pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii.

Iron is a key micronutrient for microbial growth but is often present in low concentrations or in biologically unavailable forms. Many microorganisms overcome this challenge by producing siderophores, which are ferric-iron chelating compounds that enable the solubilization and acquisition of iron in a bioactive form. Pantoea stewartii subsp.

OxyR and SoxR modulate the inducible oxidative stress response and are implicated during different stages of infection for the bacterial phytopathogen Pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) from a variety of sources are often encountered by invading plant pathogens during the infection process. Pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii, the etiological agent of Stewart's wilt, is a serious bacterial pathogen of sweet corn that colonizes both the apoplast and xylem tissues in which ROS are produced.

Biological role of pigment production for the bacterial phytopathogen Pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii.

Pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii, the causal agent of Stewart's wilt of sweet corn, produces a yellow carotenoid pigment. A nonpigmented mutant was selected from a bank of mutants generated by random transposon mutagenesis.