Factors Influencing Participation and Engagement in a Teen Safe Driving Intervention: A Qualitative Study.

(1) Background: Few teen driving safety programs focus on increasing parental engagement with high-risk teen drivers, specifically those with a traffic violation. This study explored parents'/guardians' ('parents') experiences with a teen driving safety program, ProjectDRIVE, including facilitators and barriers to program engagement. (2) Methods: We conducted virtual, semi-structured interviews with parents who completed ProjectDRIVE, which included in-vehicle driving feedback technology and individualized virtual training with parents on effective parent-teen communication.

A scoping review of guidelines and frameworks for advance care planning for adolescents and young adults with life-limiting or life-threatening conditions.

Background: Advance care planning discussions are crucial in the management and support of individuals with life-limiting or life-threatening conditions. Few studies have examined best practices for advance care planning with adolescents and young adults.

Aim: To identify core components of current guidelines, frameworks and tools for advance care planning discussions with adolescents and young adults with life-limiting or life-threatening conditions and their families.

Trajectories of Daily Postconcussion Symptoms in Children.

Objectives: To identify trajectories of daily postconcussion symptoms (PCS) from the acute postinjury period to symptom resolution among concussed children and examine demographic factors and acute PCS associated with the identified symptom trajectories.

Setting And Participants: Seventy-nine participants with a concussion were enrolled within 72 hours of injury and completed a daily survey that assessed PCS from enrollment until symptom resolution.

Design: This was a prospective cohort study among concussed children aged 11-17 years.

A Virtual Reality App Intervention to Improve Concussion Recognition and Reporting in Athletes Aged 9 to 12 Years: Development and Pilot Testing.

Background: Existing concussion education programs for preteen athletes typically do not result in sustained improvements in concussion symptom recognition or reporting behaviors. Virtual reality (VR) technology offers an innovative tool that may improve concussion symptom recognition and reporting behaviors among preteen athletes.

Objective: We aimed to describe the design and development of a VR concussion education app, Make Play Safe (MPS), and present findings on the usability and preliminary efficacy of MPS in improving concussion recognition and reporting intentions among soccer athletes aged 9-12 years.

Salivary miRNA Expression in Children With Persistent Post-concussive Symptoms.

Background: Up to one-third of concussed children develop persistent post-concussive symptoms (PPCS). The identification of biomarkers such as salivary miRNAs that detect concussed children at increased risk of PPCS has received growing attention in recent years. However, whether and how salivary miRNA expression levels differ over time between concussed children with and without PPCS is unknown.

Social Support and Post-Injury Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms among College-Student Athletes.

Social support can positively influence both physical and psychological recovery from sport-related injury. However, few studies have examined the influence of the quantity, quality, and timing of social support on athletes’ psychological health following injury. This study examined the effects of changes in social support on post-injury depressive and anxiety symptoms among college-student athletes.

Implementation of Transgender/Gender Nonbinary Care in a Family Medicine Teaching Practice.

Purpose: Numerous studies have shown that transgender or gender nonbinary (TGNB) individuals encounter significantly more health care barriers, including overall lack of access to gender-affirming care providers. This study describes 2 assessments of transgender care services at a large family medicine teaching practice.

Methods: Staff and providers were invited to attend an optional, practice-wide, hourlong free training session on gender-affirming care offered on 3 different dates in 2019.

Concussion Recovery in Children and Adolescents: A Qualitative Study of Parents' Experiences.

Background: Although parents play an instrumental role in youth concussion management, few studies have qualitatively explored youth concussion recovery from the parents' perspective. This study explored parents' experiences with and perceptions of their child's recovery from concussion, particularly with regards to the return-to-school process.

Methods: We conducted 11 face-to-face semi-structured interviews with the parents of concussed youth aged 11 to 17 years between October 2018 and April 2019.

Physical Activity among Adults Residing in 11 Countries during the COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown.

During the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, physical activity (PA) behaviors were altered worldwide due to public health measures such as "lockdown." This study described PA among adults residing in 11 countries during COVID-19 lockdown and examined factors associated with PA engagement. We conducted a cross-sectional anonymous survey among adults (≥18 years old) in 11 countries (Brazil, Bulgaria, China, India, Ireland, Malaysia, North Macedonia, Singapore, Spain, Turkey, United States).

Mental Health among Adults during the COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown: A Cross-Sectional Multi-Country Comparison.

Despite the global impact of COVID-19, studies comparing the effects of COVID-19 on population mental health across countries are sparse. This study aimed to compare anxiety and depression symptoms during the COVID-19 lockdown among adults from 11 countries and to examine their associations with country-level COVID-19 factors and personal COVID-19 exposure. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among adults (≥18 years) in 11 countries (Brazil, Bulgaria, China, India, Ireland, North Macedonia, Malaysia, Singapore, Spain, Turkey, United States).

Evaluation of a resilience training program for college student-athletes: A pilot study.

To determine if a resilience training program improved knowledge of and intention to use adaptive coping strategies among college student-athletes; and explore college student-athletes' experiences and satisfaction with program components. Division I college student-athletes. Pretest-posttest design with surveys completed at baseline and immediately post-program.

Association of Self-Paced Physical and Cognitive Activities Across the First Week Postconcussion With Symptom Resolution in Youth.

Objective: To examine the association of objectively measured, self-paced physical and cognitive activities across the first week postconcussion with symptom resolution in youth.

Setting: Emergency department or concussion clinics.

Participants: Youth aged 11 to 17 years with physician-confirmed concussion.

Association Between Design Elements of Concussion Laws and Reporting of Sports-Related Concussions Among US High School Athletes, 2009-2017.

Objectives: Studies that evaluate the effectiveness of concussion laws often use only a single variable (ie, presence of the law), failing to account for law complexity. We examined the association between multiple design elements of state concussion laws and rates of sports-related concussion reporting among US high school athletes.

Methods: We derived 3 design elements of concussion laws from the 2009-2017 LawAtlas database: (1) strength of law, (2) number of law revisions, and (3) speed of law adoption.

The Effect of Helium Ion Radiation on the Material Properties of Bone.

Ionizing radiation, from both space and radiation therapy, is known to affect bone health. While there have been studies investigating changes in bone density and microstructure from radiation exposure, the effects of radiation on material properties are unknown. The current study addresses this gap by assessing bone material property changes in rats exposed to helium-4 radiation through spherical micro-indentation.

Ultra-Early Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) Prophylaxis in Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage (sICH).

Objective: To determine if ultra-early (<24 h) venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis was associated with hematoma growth in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).

Background: Patients with ICH have a high risk of VTE. Pharmacological prophylaxis such as unfractionated heparin (UFH) have been demonstrated to reduce VTE.

Bidirectional Association Between Daily Physical Activity and Postconcussion Symptoms Among Youth.

This cohort study investigates whether a bidirectional association exists between daily physical activity and postconcussion symptoms among youths with physician-confirmed concussion.

Sports and non-sports-related concussions among Medicaid-insured children: health care utilization before and after Ohio's concussion law.

Objective: To evaluate patterns of health care utilization for sports-related concussions (SRCs) and non-sports-related concussions (NSRCs) among Medicaid-insured children before and after the enactment of Ohio's concussion law in April 2013.

Methods: We analyzed claim data from the Partners For Kids (PFK) Ohio Medicaid database. Concussion diagnoses were identified between April 1, 2008 and June 30, 2017.

Analyzing the impact of a state concussion law using an autoregressive integrated moving average intervention analysis.

Background: Existing studies analyzing the impact of state concussion laws have found an increase in concussion-related medical encounters post-law, in some instances, such increases were observed during the pre-law period due to a potential "spillover" effect. This study assessed the effects of Ohio's concussion law, while accounting for such a "spillover" effect, on the trends in monthly rates of concussion-related medical encounters in Medicaid insured children using autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) analysis.

Methods: We analyzed claim data obtained from the Partners For Kids database, a pediatric accountable care organization in Ohio.

Concussion-Related Health Care Utilization Among Medicaid Insured Children in Ohio: Rural and Urban Differences.

Purpose: The current study examines rural-urban differences in trends in rates and type of concussion-related health care utilization over time from 2008 to 2016 among Medicaid insured children in Ohio.

Methods: We analyzed Medicaid claims for health care utilization for diagnosed concussions among children aged ≤18 years between April 1, 2008, and December 31, 2016. We compared the trends in rates of concussion-related health care utilization between children who lived in rural and urban areas using Poisson regressions.

Is Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury Associated with Adult Alcohol Misuse?

Evidence suggests that pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI) may be causally related to alcohol misuse later in life; however, the nature and extent of the association has not been well described. This study examined the relationship between pediatric TBI and adult alcohol misuse in a population sample ≥20 years of age. We sought to determine (1) whether first self-reported incidence of TBI with loss of consciousness (LOC) before the age of 20 increased the risk for alcohol misuse later in life; and (2) whether sex, injury severity, and age at time of injury modified the association.

Putting Policy Into Practice: School-Level Compliance With and Implementation of State Concussion Laws.

Context: Each year, approximately 2 million US children 18 years or younger sustain a concussion, a type of mild traumatic brain injury (TBI). Concussions can have detrimental effects on physical, cognitive, emotional, or sleep health.

Policy: Between 2009 and 2014, all 50 US states and Washington, District of Columbia, enacted state concussion laws aimed to increase awareness about concussion and reduce the prevalence and severity of this injury.

Symptom Burden and Profiles in Concussed Children with and without Prolonged Recovery.

Although symptom burden and symptom profile severity are independent predictors of post-concussion symptom duration, few studies have examined their effects on prolonged recovery simultaneously. This study examined differences in symptom burden and symptom profile scores between concussed children with prolonged recovery and those with typical recovery. We conducted a retrospective case-control study of concussed children aged 10-18 years.

Horseback riding-related injuries treated in emergency departments: Risk factors and prevention strategies.

Introduction: Despite inherit dangers of horseback riding (HBR), research on HBR-related injuries is sparse. This study used both quantitative and qualitative methods to (1) examine HBR-related injuries treated in emergency departments (EDs) and associated risk factors and (2) explore HBR-related injury experiences and recommendations for prevention strategies from the perspective of riders.

Method: We retrospectively analyzed data from the Nationwide Emergency Department Sample (NEDS), identifying HBR-related ED visits between 2010 and 2014.

Barriers to the Implementation of State Concussion Laws Within High Schools.

Purpose: All 50 U.S. states and the District of Columbia enacted concussion laws between 2009 and 2014 to mitigate the consequences of concussion among children and adolescents.

A Mouse Model for Skeletal Structure and Function Changes Caused by Radiation Therapy and Estrogen Deficiency.

Radiation therapy and estrogen deficiency can damage healthy bone and lead to an increased fracture risk. The goal of this study is to develop a mouse model for radiation therapy using a fractionated biologically equivalent dose for cervical cancer treatment in both pre- and postmenopausal women. Thirty-two female C57BL/6 mice 13 weeks of age were divided into four groups: Sham + non-irradiated (SHAM + NR), Sham + irradiated (SHAM + IRR), ovariectomy + non-irradiated (OVX + NR) and ovariectomy + irradiated (OVX + IRR).