Advancing tree genomics to future proof next generation orchard production.

The challenges facing tree orchard production in the coming years will be largely driven by changes in the climate affecting the sustainability of farming practices in specific geographical regions. Identifying key traits that enable tree crops to modify their growth to varying environmental conditions and taking advantage of new crop improvement opportunities and technologies will ensure the tree crop industry remains viable and profitable into the future. In this review article we 1) outline climate and sustainability challenges relevant to horticultural tree crop industries, 2) describe key tree crop traits targeted for improvement in agroecosystem productivity and resilience to environmental change, and 3) discuss existing and emerging genomic technologies that provide opportunities for industries to future proof the next generation of orchards.

Gambling in Victoria: Changes in Participation, Problem Gambling and Gambling Environment Between 2008 and 2018.

Gambling and its impacts are an important public health issue. The relationship between gambling, problem gambling and gambling harm is complex and dynamic. Replicate prevalence studies are useful for surveillance and monitoring gambling impacts within jurisdictions.

A haplotype resolved chromosomal level avocado genome allows analysis of novel avocado genes.

Avocado () is a member of the magnoliids, an early branching lineage of angiosperms that has high value globally with the fruit being highly nutritious. Here, we report a chromosome-level genome assembly for the commercial avocado cultivar Hass, which represents 80% of the world's avocado consumption. The DNA contigs produced from Pacific Biosciences HiFi reads were further assembled using a previously published version of the genome supported by a genetic map.

Immunotherapy for the Treatment of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.

At JADPRO Live Virtual 2021, Sara M. Tolaney, MD, MPH, and Lindsay Shaw, ANP-BC, AOCNP®, presented on recent clinical trial data for approved immune checkpoint inhibitors and antibody-drug conjugates, and their implications in the current treatment landscape, for metastatic triple-negative breast cancer. Dr.

Magic Mushroom Use: A Qualitative Interview Study of Post-Trip Impacts and Strategies for Optimizing Experiences.

The field of psychedelic research is undergoing a revival, yet research focused on non-clinical psychedelic use remains relatively limited. The current qualitative study sheds light on how people use magic mushrooms, what they perceive the effects of such use to be, and the meanings that users attach to their magic mushroom experiences. To be eligible to participate in the study, participants were required to be young adults who had used magic mushrooms within the past three months and residents of Victoria, Canada.

A Comprehensive High-Quality DNA and RNA Extraction Protocol for a Range of Cultivars and Tissue Types of the Woody Crop Avocado.

High-quality DNA and RNA forms the basis of genomic and genetic investigations. The extraction of DNA and RNA from woody trees, like avocado ( Mill.), is challenging due to compounds which interact with nucleic acids and influence separation.

Interventions and programs that support the health and development of infants with prenatal substance exposure in foster care: a scoping review.

Objective: The objective of this scoping review was to describe the characteristics of interventions and programs that support the health and development of infants in foster care who have prenatal substance exposure, their foster care providers, and birth families.

Introduction: Infants in foster care may have experienced prenatal substance exposure, neglect, and maltreatment, as well as disruptions in their relationships with primary caregivers. Despite multiple vulnerabilities, they also have great capacity for overcoming early adversities.

Magnetic resonance imaging findings in children with Parry-Romberg syndrome and en coup de sabre.

Background: The aim of this study was to: (i) describe the abnormalities seen on brain imaging in a group of children with en coup de sabre (EDCS) with/without Parry-Romberg syndrome (PRS); and (ii) identify clinical predictors of brain imaging abnormalities.

Methods: This was a single centre (Great Ormond Street Hospital, London) retrospective case series of patients with ECDS/PRS seen from 2000 to 2018. We identified patients with cutaneous manifestations consistent with the clinical descriptions of ECDS/PRS.

Panniculitis in a 3-year-old child with Fanconi anemia-associated bone marrow hypoplasia heralds transformation to acute myeloid leukemia.

Fanconi anemia is a rare, autosomal recessive genomic instability disorder characterized by congenital limb anomalies, panmyelopathy and a high risk of malignancy, principally acute myeloid leukemia. Hematologic malignancy presenting with acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis (Sweet syndrome), both deep and superficial forms, is well described in Fanconi anemia patients but is a rare phenomenon in otherwise healthy children. We present a case of panniculitis (presumptive subcutaneous Sweet syndrome) heralding transformation to acute myeloid leukemia in a 3-year-old boy with a severe Fanconi anemia phenotype.

Naloxone interventions in opioid overdoses: a systematic review protocol.

Background: North America is in the midst of an unabated opioid overdose epidemic due to the increasing non-medical use of fentanyl and ultra-potent opioids. Naloxone is an effective antidote to opioid toxicity, yet its optimal dosing in the context of fentanyl and ultra-potent opioid overdoses remains unknown. This review aims to determine the relationship between the first empiric dose of naloxone and reversal of toxicity, adverse events, and the total cumulative dose required among patients with undifferentiated opioid overdoses and those with suspected toxicity from ultra-potent opioids.

FLOWERING LOCUS T2 regulates spike development and fertility in temperate cereals.

FLOWERING LOCUS T2 (FT2) is the closest paralog of the FT1 flowering gene in the temperate grasses. Here we show that overexpression of FT2 in Brachypodium distachyon and barley results in precocious flowering and reduced spikelet number, while down-regulation by RNA interference results in delayed flowering and a reduced percentage of filled florets. Similarly, truncation mutations of FT2 homeologs in tetraploid wheat delayed flowering (2-4 d) and reduced fertility.

Night-Break Experiments Shed Light on the Photoperiod1-Mediated Flowering.

Plants utilize variation in day length (photoperiod) to anticipate seasonal changes. They respond by modulating their growth and development to maximize seed production, which in cereal crops is directly related to yield. In wheat (), the acceleration of flowering under long days (LD) is dependent on the light induction of () by phytochromes.

Choice of Moisturiser for Eczema Treatment (COMET): feasibility study of a randomised controlled parallel group trial in children recruited from primary care.

Objectives: To determine the feasibility of a randomised controlled trial of 'leave on' emollients for children with eczema.

Design: Single-centre, pragmatic, 4-arm, observer-blinded, parallel, randomised feasibility trial.

Setting: General practices in the UK.

Radiologic Improvement After Early Medical Intervention in Localised Facial Morphea.

We report the case of a young girl who presented with hemiparesis, seizures, and subtle features consistent with a linear form of facial morphea (en coup de sabre). She was treated with pulsed parenteral steroids and oral steroids and started on methotrexate. Magnetic resonance imaging results and neurologic problems improved after 6 months.

Choice of Moisturiser for Eczema Treatment (COMET): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Eczema is common in children and in the UK most cases are managed in primary care. The foundation of all treatment is the regular use of leave-on emollients to preserve and restore moisture to the skin. This not only improves comfort but may also reduce the need for rescue treatment for 'flares', such as topical corticosteroids.

Fifteen-minute consultation: eczema herpeticum in a child.

Eczema herpeticum (EH) occurs when there is secondary skin infection with herpes simplex virus in an atopic patient. The patient may not have unusually severe or active eczema. It is thought that the abnormal skin barrier function predisposes to infection, which can spread rapidly.

GrainScan: a low cost, fast method for grain size and colour measurements.

Background: Measuring grain characteristics is an integral component of cereal breeding and research into genetic control of seed development. Measures such as thousand grain weight are fast, but do not give an indication of variation within a sample. Other methods exist for detailed analysis of grain size, but are generally costly and very low throughput.

Mutant alleles of Photoperiod-1 in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) that confer a late flowering phenotype in long days.

Flowering time in wheat and barley is known to be modified by mutations in the Photoperiod-1 (Ppd-1) gene. Semi-dominant Ppd-1a mutations conferring an early flowering phenotype are well documented in wheat but gene sequencing has also identified candidate loss of function mutations for Ppd-A1 and Ppd-D1. By analogy to the recessive ppd-H1 mutation in barley, loss of function mutations in wheat are predicted to delay flowering under long day conditions.