Comparison of Anterior and Posterior Cortico-steroid Injections for Pain Relief and Functional Improvement in Shoulder Impingement Syndrome.

Subacromial impingement syndrome (SIS) is the most common cause of shoulder pain. Treatment options for SIS include conservative modalities such as use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, physical therapy, and subacromial corticosteroid injections (CSIs). Although studies have found improvement in pain, function, and range of motion after CSI, the effect of injection route (anterior or posterior) on shoulder pain in patients with SIS has not been investigated.

Mechanical Construct Characteristics Predisposing to Non-union After Locked Lateral Plating of Distal Femur Fractures.

Objectives: To identify discrete construct characteristics related to overall construct rigidity that may be independent predictors of nonunion after lateral locked plate (LLP) fixation of distal femur fractures.

Design: Retrospective case-control study.

Setting: Three level-1 urban trauma centers.

25-Hydroxyvitamin-D and Bone Turnover Marker Levels in Patients with Distal Radial Fracture.

Background: Fragility fractures are a major public health issue with substantial socioeconomic cost. Vitamin-D deficiency and increased bone turnover are associated with higher rates of bone loss and an increased risk of fracture. We hypothesized that patients with a distal radial fracture would have lower levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) and increased levels of serum bone turnover markers than controls without a fracture.

Preinjury ambulatory status is associated with 1-year mortality following lateral compression Type I fractures in the geriatric population older than 80 years.

Background: Lateral compression pelvic Type I fractures in the elderly population are most often low-energy osteoporosis related fractures. Previous literature comparing pelvic fractures in young versus elderly patients called into question the general consideration of these injuries as benign injuries with favorable prognoses; however, the geriatric population older than 80 years is often underrepresented. This article focuses on the mortality and functional outcomes after low-energy pelvic fractures in a population of patients older than 80 years.

Predictive factors of distal femoral fracture nonunion after lateral locked plating: a retrospective multicenter case-control study of 283 fractures.

Introduction: Reported initial success rates after lateral locked plating (LLP) of distal femur fractures have led to more concerning outcomes with reported nonunion rates now ranging from 0 to 21%. Reported factors associated with nonunion include comorbidities such as obesity, age and diabetes. In this study, our goal was to identify patient comorbidities, injury and construct characteristics that are independent predictors of nonunion risk in LLP of distal femur fractures; and to develop a predictive algorithm of nonunion risk, irrespective of institutional criteria for clinical intervention variability.

Correlation of AO and Lauge-Hansen classification systems for ankle fractures to the mechanism of injury.

Background: Our aim was to assess whether the Lauge-Hansen (LH) and the Muller AO classification systems for ankle fractures radiographically correlate with in vivo injuries based on observed mechanism of injury.

Methods: Videos of potential study candidates were reviewed on YouTube.com.

Anatomical localization, gene expression profiling and functional characterization of adult human neck brown fat.

The imbalance between energy intake and expenditure is the underlying cause of the current obesity and diabetes pandemics. Central to these pathologies is the fat depot: white adipose tissue (WAT) stores excess calories, and brown adipose tissue (BAT) consumes fuel for thermogenesis using tissue-specific uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1). BAT was once thought to have a functional role in rodents and human infants only, but it has been recently shown that in response to mild cold exposure, adult human BAT consumes more glucose per gram than any other tissue.