Static and Dynamic Pain Sensitivity in Adults With Persistent Low Back Pain: Comparison to Healthy Controls and Associations With Movement-evoked Pain Versus Traditional Clinical Pain Measures.

Objectives: Despite its impact, individual factors associated with persistent low back pain (LBP) remain poorly understood. This study investigated static and dynamic pain sensitivity in adults with persistent LBP versus pain-free controls; and investigated associations between pain sensitivity and 3 clinical pain measures: recalled, resting, and movement-evoked pain (MEP).

Materials And Methods: A lifespan sample of 60 adults with persistent LBP and 30 age-matched/sex-matched controls completed 4 laboratory sessions.

Diagnostic accuracy of urinary indices to detect mild dehydration in young men following acute riboflavin, Vitamin C or beetroot supplementation.

Background: Individuals of all ages are encouraged to monitor their hydration status daily to prevent clinically severe fluid imbalances such as hyponatremia or dehydration. However, acute oral nutritional supplementation may alter urinary hydration assessments and potentially increase the likelihood of inappropriate clinical decisions or diagnosis. This investigation sought to examine the influence of three common over-the-counter nutritional supplements (beetroot, riboflavin, and Vitamin C) on urinary hydration assessments in physically active young men after a 2% exercise-induced dehydration.

Stability in neurovascular function at 3800m.

Hypoxia-induced neurocognitive impairments have been of clinical interest for centuries. The mechanisms responsible for these neurocognitive impairments at altitude are unclear, but may relate to the uncoupling of local neural activity with appropriate changes in cerebral blood flow (CBF; i.e.

Anterior cerebral blood velocity and end-tidal CO responses to exercise differ in children and adults.

Little is known about the response of the cerebrovasculature to acute exercise in children and how these responses might differ with adults. Therefore, we compared changes in middle cerebral artery blood velocity (MCAV), end-tidal Pco ([Formula: see text]), blood pressure, and minute ventilation (V̇e) in response to incremental exercise between children and adults. Thirteen children [age: 9 ± 1 (SD) yr] and thirteen sex-matched adults (age: 25 ± 4 yr) completed a maximal exercise test, during which MCAV, [Formula: see text], and V̇e were measured continuously.

Precision, Accuracy, and Performance Outcomes of Perceived Exertion vs. Heart Rate Guided Run-training.

Johnson, EC, Pryor, RR, Casa, DJ, Ellis, LA, Maresh, CM, Pescatello, LS, Ganio, MS, Lee, EC, and Armstrong, LE. Precision, accuracy, and performance outcomes of perceived exertion vs. heart rate guided run-training.

The Effects of Nitrate-Rich Supplementation on Neuromuscular Efficiency during Heavy Resistance Exercise.

Objective: Nitrate-rich (NR) supplements can enhance exercise performance by improving neuromuscular function and the aerobic cost of exercise. However, little is known about the effects of nitrate on dynamic, multijoint resistance exercise.

Methods: Fourteen resistance-trained men (age, 21.

Effects of Three Oral Nutritional Supplements on Human Hydration Indices.

Urine color (Ucol) as a hydration assessment tool provides practicality, ease of use, and correlates moderately to strongly with urine specific gravity (Usg) and urine osmolality (Uosm). Indicative of daily fluid turnover, along with solute and urochrome excretion in 24-hr samples, Ucol may also reflect dietary composition. Thus, the purpose of this investigation was to determine the efficacy of Ucol as a hydration status biomarker after nutritional supplementation with beetroot (880 mg), vitamin C (1000 mg), and riboflavin (200 mg).

Urine color as an indicator of urine concentration in pregnant and lactating women.

Aim: Urine concentration measured via osmolality (U ) and specific gravity (U ) reflects the adequacy of daily fluid intake, which has important relationships to health in pregnant (PREG) and lactating (LACT) women. Urine color (U ) may be a practical, surrogate marker for whole-body hydration status.

Purpose: To determine whether U was a valid measure of urine concentration in PREG and LACT, and pair-matched non-pregnant, non-lactating control women (CON).

Endurance Cyclist Fluid Intake, Hydration Status, Thirst, and Thermal Sensations: Gender Differences.

This field investigation assessed differences (e.g., drinking behavior, hydration status, perceptual ratings) between female and male endurance cyclists who completed a 164-km event in a hot environment (35 °C mean dry bulb) to inform rehydration recommendations for athletes.

Urine colour change as an indicator of change in daily water intake: a quantitative analysis.

Purpose: Urine colour (U Col) is simple to measure, differs between low-volume and high-volume drinkers, and is responsive to changes in daily total fluid intake (TFI). However, to date, no study has quantified the relationship between a change in TFI and the resultant change in U Col. This analysis aimed to determine the change in TFI needed to adjust 24-h U Col by 2 shades on an 8-colour scale, and to evaluate whether starting U Col altered the relationship between the change in TFI and change in U Col.

Effect of cycling in the heat for 164 km on procoagulant and fibrinolytic parameters.

Purpose: We assessed the impact of completing the Hotter'n Hell Hundred (HHH), an annual 164 km road cycling event performed in a hot environment, on hemostatic balance in men.

Methods: Sixteen men who completed the ride in <6 h were included in this study. Plasma samples were collected on that morning of the ride (PRE) and immediately on the completion of the ride (IP).

Ultraendurance cycling in a hot environment: thirst, fluid consumption, and water balance.

The purpose of this field investigation was to identify and clarify factors that may be used by strength and conditioning professionals to help athletes drink adequately but not excessively during endurance exercise. A universal method to accomplish this goal does not exist because the components of water balance (i.e.