Investigation into the Interaction between Penicillin-Resistant and Penicillin-Susceptible Gonococcal Penicillin-Binding Protein 2 and Target Phenolic Ligands through Molecular Docking Studies and Structure-Activity Relationship Analysis.

Gonococcal infections present a notable public health issue, and the major approach for treatment involves using -lactam antibiotics that specifically target penicillin-binding protein 2 (PBP2) in . This study examines the influence of flavonoids, namely, rutin, on the structural changes of PBP2 in both penicillin-resistant (FA6140) and penicillin-susceptible (FA19) strains. The research starts by clarifying the structural effects of certain mutations, such as the insertion of an aspartate residue at position 345 (Asp-345a), in the PBP2.

Protein PEGylation: Navigating Recombinant Protein Stability, Aggregation, and Bioactivity.

Enzymes play a powerful role as catalysts with high specificity and activity under mild environmental conditions. Significant hurdles, such as reduced solubility, reduced shelf-life, aggregate formation, and toxicity, are still ongoing struggles that scientists come across when purifying recombinant proteins. Over the past three decades, PEGylation techniques have been utilized to significantly overcome low solubility; increased protein stability, shelf-life, and bioactivity; and prevented protein aggregate formation.

Recombinant Expression, Purification and PEGylation of DNA Ligases.

Background: Reagent proteins such as DNA ligases play a central role in the global reagents market. DNA ligases are commonly used and are vital in academic and science research environments. Their major functions include sealing nicks by linking the 5'-phosphorylated end to a 3'-hydroxyl end on the phosphodiester backbone of DNA, utilizing ATP or NADP molecules as an energy source.

inhibits key carbohydrate digesting enzyme and intestinal glucose absorption and modulates glucose metabolism in diabetic rats.

The antidiabetic potentials of the dichloromethene, ethyl acetate, butanol and aqueous fractions of leaves were investigated using , and models. and antidiabetic activities revealed the butanol (BFBF) to be the most active of the fractions, and thus selected for study. Diabetes was induced using the fructose-streptozotocin model.

and computational studies of the antioxidant and anti-diabetic properties of .

The leaves, stem and root bark of were sequentially extracted with solvents of increasing polarity to yield the hexane, ethyl acetate, ethanol and aqueous extracts. analysis revealed the ability of the extracts to scavenge 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH), nitric oxide (NO) and hydroxyl radical. They also inhibited the activities of -glucosidase, -amylase and lipase enzymes.

HIV Positivity and Referral to Treatment Following Testing of Partners and Children of PLHIV Index Patients in Public Sector Facilities in South Africa.

Background: There is an imperative need for innovative interventions to identify people living with HIV and initiate them on antiretroviral therapy. The objective of this study was to determine the feasibility of providing index partner/child testing of people living with HIV.

Methods: We trained 86 nurses and counsellors in 56 public health facilities in 6 high HIV burden Districts in South Africa 2017 to provide index partner/child testing (tracing and testing of partners/children of people living with HIV).